Abstract: An object of this invention is to create an actuator in which the amount of deformation is maintained and no displacement in the reverse direction occurs, even when a constant voltage is continuously applied for a long period of time. As a means for achieving the above object, the invention provides a conductive thin film comprising a polymer gel containing at least one organic molecule selected from the group consisting of electron-donating organic molecules and electron-withdrawing organic molecules, a nano-carbon material, an ionic liquid, and a polymer.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to create an actuator in which the amount of deformation is maintained and no displacement in the reverse direction occurs, even when a constant voltage is continuously applied for a long period of time. As a means for achieving the above object, the invention provides a conductive thin film comprising a polymer gel containing at least one organic molecule selected from the group consisting of electron-donating organic molecules and electron-withdrawing organic molecules, a nano-carbon material, an ionic liquid, and a polymer.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to create an actuator in which the amount of deformation is maintained and no displacement in the reverse direction occurs, even when a constant voltage is continuously applied for a long period of time. As a means for achieving the above object, the invention provides a conductive thin film comprising a polymer gel containing at least one organic molecule selected from the group consisting of electron-donating organic molecules and electron-withdrawing organic molecules, a nano-carbon material, an ionic liquid, and a polymer.

Abstract: A polymer actuator element includes an electrolyte layer and electrode layers, in which the electrode layer includes an activated carbon nanofiber and a carbon nanohorn.

Abstract: A polymer actuator element includes an electrolyte layer and electrode layers, in which the electrode layer includes an activated carbon nanofiber and a carbon nanohorn.

Abstract: A polymer actuator device system includes: a polymer actuator which includes an electrolyte layer, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer provided to oppose each other with the electrolyte layer interposed therebetween in a thickness direction of the electrolyte layer, and deforms in response to a voltage between the first and second electrode layers; and a sealing member which coats an entirety of the polymer actuator to be enclosed therein. The sealing member has two layers of a resin layer and an inorganic layer, a thickness of the sealing member is 1 to 5 microns, and an outer side of the sealing member in the thickness direction has a wear preventing body.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to create an actuator in which the amount of deformation is maintained and no displacement in the reverse direction occurs, even when a constant voltage is continuously applied for a long period of time. As a means for achieving the above object, the invention provides a conductive thin film comprising a polymer gel containing at least one organic molecule selected from the group consisting of electron-donating organic molecules and electron-withdrawing organic molecules, a nano-carbon material, an ionic liquid, and a polymer.

Abstract: A polymer actuator device system includes: a polymer actuator which includes an electrolyte layer, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer provided to oppose each other with the electrolyte layer interposed therebetween in a thickness direction of the electrolyte layer, and deforms in response to a voltage between the first and second electrode layers; and a sealing member which coats an entirety of the polymer actuator to be enclosed therein. The sealing member has two layers of a resin layer and an inorganic layer, a thickness of the sealing member is 1 to 5 microns, and an outer side of the sealing member in the thickness direction has a wear preventing body.

Abstract: An actuator device includes an actuator having one end as a fixed end and the other end as a free end, and bendable when a voltage is applied; and a base member having a fixed section that fixes the fixed end of the actuator. A projecting section is provided at the base member. In a state where the actuator is bent, when a force is applied and the free end is deformed toward a direction that is reverse to the bending direction, the actuator contacts the projecting section. The projecting section is a fulcrum of the displacement and a generating load is capable of being large by the principle of material mechanics without losing the displacement amount.

Abstract: An optical waveguide includes a cladding film and a core formed integrally with the cladding film. The core includes a light guide portion formed on one surface of the cladding film, a light input portion, and a light output portion, the light input portion and the light output portion being formed in through-holes formed in the cladding film. A mirror surface is respectively formed at a connecting portion between the light guide portion and the light input portion and a connecting portion between the light guide portion and the light output portion. In manufacturing the optical waveguide, the cladding film is brought into close contact with a surface of a mold, the surface having a recessed groove thereon, and a UV-curable resin is injected under pressure through one of the through-holes opened in the cladding film into the recessed groove.

Abstract: A second housing whose center portion is depressed and whose end portion around the center portion is formed like a visor is arranged around a first housing whose center portion is depressed and whose end portion around the center portion is formed like a visor, and a hollow portion is formed between the first housing and the second housing by sandwiching a packing between the end portions of the housings. Further, degassed water for preventing empty heating is filled in the hollow portion, and an ultrasonic transducer is placed on the surface of the center portion of the first housing. A weight for preventing the vibration of the wall is provided on the wall surface of the second housing. Since the vibration of the wall of the housing is suppressed by the weight, vibration energy returns toward the bottom surface of the center of the housing through water and is radiated from the bottom surface efficiently as ultrasonic waves.

Abstract: A catalyst layer which enables an electroless plating method to be carried out can be formed by an inexpensive and simple process without using palladium. There are provided a tin treatment step of bringing a substrate into contact with a tin compound aqueous solution containing a tin compound; after the tin treatment step, a copper treatment step of bringing a substrate 1 into contact with a copper compound aqueous solution containing a copper compound; after the copper treatment step, a diluted sulfuric acid treatment step of bringing the substrate 1 into contact with diluted sulfuric acid; after the diluted sulfuric acid treatment step, a plating treatment step of bringing the substrate 1 into contact with a plating solution to form a copper plating film 2; and after the plating treatment step, a heat treatment step of heating the substrate 1 in an atmosphere substantially containing no oxygen and hydrogen.

Abstract: To provide a wiring board that permits the formation of a Cu plating layer maintaining sufficient adhesion to both a ceramic layer and a Ag connecting layer and a method for manufacturing the wiring board. [Solving means] Parts of the surface of the ceramic layer 12 and the upper surfaces of the Ag connecting layers 14 are covered with a Ag thin film layer 15. The Ag thin film layer 15 enhances a bonding strength between the Cu wiring layer 11 and the Ag connecting layer 14 and contributes to forming the Cu wiring layer 11 with a sufficient thickness on the ceramic layer 12 during a step of forming the Cu wiring layer 11 by electroless plating.

Abstract: An electroless copper plating method is provided having a first catalyst step of forming a first catalyst layer on a ceramic base material containing a glass component using a tin chloride solution and a palladium chloride solution; a pre-copper-plating heat treatment step of heating the ceramic base material in an atmosphere containing oxygen; a laminate catalyst treatment step of forming a laminate catalyst layer on the ceramic base material using a tin chloride solution and a palladium chloride solution; a plating treatment step of forming a copper plating film on the ceramic base material using a copper plating solution containing a small amount of nickel ions; and a post-copper-plating heat treatment step of heating the ceramic base material at a heat treatment temperature not more than the glass transition temperature thereof.

Abstract: An electroless copper plating method is provided having a first catalyst step of forming a first catalyst layer on a ceramic base material containing a glass component using a tin chloride solution and a palladium chloride solution; a pre-copper-plating heat treatment step of heating the ceramic base material in an atmosphere containing oxygen; a laminate catalyst treatment step of forming a laminate catalyst layer on the ceramic base material using a tin chloride solution and a palladium chloride solution; a plating treatment step of forming a copper plating film on the ceramic base material using a copper plating solution containing a small amount of nickel ions; and a post-copper-plating heat treatment step of heating the ceramic base material at a heat treatment temperature not more than the glass transition temperature thereof.

Abstract: An electroless copper plating method is provided having a first catalyst step of forming a first catalyst layer on a ceramic base material containing a glass component using a tin chloride solution and a palladium chloride solution; a pre-copper-plating heat treatment step of heating the ceramic base material in an atmosphere containing oxygen; a laminate catalyst treatment step of forming a laminate catalyst layer on the ceramic base material using a tin chloride solution and a palladium chloride solution; a plating treatment step of forming a copper plating film on the ceramic base material using a copper plating solution containing a small amount of nickel ions; and a post-copper-plating heat treatment step of heating the ceramic base material at a heat treatment temperature not more than the glass transition temperature thereof.

Abstract: An ultrasonic vibrator includes a diaphragm, a side plate which stands on the principal surface of the diaphragm, and a vibrator body placed inside the side plate on the principal surface of the diaphragm in order to apply ultrasonic vibration to the diaphragm. The diaphragm has a thin portion at least in a part of the periphery of an area where the vibrator body is placed. A wet-treatment nozzle includes a supply pipe having, at one end, an inlet for admitting a treatment liquid, a drain pipe having, at one end, an outlet for discharging the waste liquid to the outside after wet treatment, and a connecting portion which faces a workpiece and which connects the other ends of the supply pipe and the drain pipe. The ultrasonic vibrator is placed in the connecting portion of the wet-treatment nozzle.

Abstract: A second housing whose center portion is depressed and whose end portion around the center portion is formed like a visor is arranged around a first housing whose center portion is depressed and whose end portion around the center portion is formed like a visor, and a hollow portion is formed between the first housing and the second housing by sandwiching a packing between the end portions of the housings. Further, degassed water for preventing empty heating is filled in the hollow portion, and an ultrasonic transducer is placed on the surface of the center portion of the first housing. A weight for preventing the vibration of the wall is provided on the wall surface of the second housing. Since the vibration of the wall of the housing is suppressed by the weight, vibration energy returns toward the bottom surface of the center of the housing through water and is radiated from the bottom surface efficiently as ultrasonic waves.

Abstract: The wet treatment liquid feed nozzle of the invention comprises an introducing path having an introducing port, a discharging path having a discharging port, a crossing section formed by causing the introducing path and the discharging path to cross at the other ends thereof, a nozzle assembly having an opening section opening to an object to be treated, provided at the crossing section, and pressure control means, for controlling the difference between the pressure of the wet treatment liquid in contact with the object to be treated and the atmospheric pressure provided at least on the discharging path side so that the wet treatment liquid having been in contact with the object to be treated via the opening section does not flow to outside the discharging path.

Abstract: The wet treatment liquid feed nozzle of the invention comprises an introducing path 10 having an introducing port 7, a discharging path 12 having a discharging port 15, a crossing section 14 formed by causing the introducing path 10 and the discharging path 12 to cross at the other ends thereof, a nozzle assembly 50 having an opening section 6 opening to an object to be treated 1, provided at the crossing section 14, and pressure control means 13, for controlling the difference between the pressure of the wet treatment liquid in contact with the object to be treated 1 and the atmospheric pressure provided at least on the discharging path 12 side so that the wet treatment liquid having been in contact with the object to be treated 1 via the opening section 6 does not flow to outside the discharging path 12.