Abstract: A lithium battery (1) including a positive electrode (10) containing low-crystallinity manganese dioxide having a specific surface area of 8 to 28 m2/g as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode (11) containing metallic lithium or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode active material, and an organic electrolyte is provided. The lithium battery (1), due to said low-crystallinity manganese dioxide contained therein, has excellent storage characteristics at high temperatures of 100° C. or higher, large-current discharge characteristics, large-current pulse discharge characteristics, low-temperature discharge characteristics, and like characteristics, and in addition, is cost advantageous.

Abstract: A lithium primary battery 10 includes an electrode group in which a positive electrode 1 having iron disulfide as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode 2 having lithium as a negative electrode active material are wound, with a separator 3 interposed between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode, wherein a density of the iron disulfide in a positive electrode mixture containing the positive electrode active material is in a range of 2.2-2.9 g/cm3, and the separator 3 is made of a non-woven fabric whose tensile strength is in a range of 6-30 N/mm2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for evaluating deterioration of a lithium ion secondary battery, in which an impedance spectrum of a lithium ion secondary battery is measured using alternating current of a predetermined frequency range. In a diagram including an arc-like portion obtained when the impedance spectrum is represented on a complex plane defined by a resistive component axis and a capacitive component axis, the coordinates of a peak of the arc-like portion are determined. The deterioration state of the lithium ion secondary battery is evaluated on the basis of the determined coordinates of the peak.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, and a kit, for measuring the enzymatic activity of cytochrome P450 comprehensively and with high efficiency and accuracy, wherein an oxygen sensing layer and a cytochrome P450-supporting layer are vertically integrated on a chip, and cytochrome P450 is supported in a hydrophilic polymer matrix in the cytochrome P450-supporting layer, the cytochrome P450 generates NADPH by being irradiated with light in the presence of at least one caged compound selected from the group consisting of caged-NADP and caged-G6P, an enzyme utilizing NADPH as a coenzyme (i.e., cytochrome P450 reductase) and a substrate thereof to supply NADP and/or G6P from the caged compound to generate NADPH to start the reaction between the enzyme and a substrate.

Abstract: A lithium primary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an organic electrolyte, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode: the negative electrode including a negative electrode active material; the negative electrode active material being at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium metal and a lithium alloy; at least a surface layer portion of the negative electrode including a composite of amorphous carbon material and the negative electrode active material; and the surface layer portion facing the positive electrode with the separator interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A lithium primary battery 10 includes an electrode group in which a positive electrode 1 having iron disulfide as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode 2 having lithium as a negative electrode active material are wound, with a separator 3 interposed between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode, wherein a density of the iron disulfide in a positive electrode mixture containing the positive electrode active material is in a range of 2.2-2.9 g/cm3, and the separator 3 is made of a non-woven fabric whose tensile strength is in a range of 6-30 N/mm2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium battery including: a positive electrode including manganese dioxide as a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode including at least one selected from lithium metal and a lithium alloy, as a negative electrode active material; a porous insulating member interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an organic electrolyte. The organic electrolyte contains 0.0008 to 1.2% by weight of an alkyl ester of an aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid. The alkyl ester may be a C1-6 alkyl ester of an aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, such as a C1-4 alkyl 4-hydroxybutyrate.

Abstract: A lithium battery includes: a positive electrode 10 including a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode 11 including lithium metal or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode active material; a separator 12 interposed between the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 11; and an organic electrolyte solution. The positive electrode active material includes ?-? manganese dioxide containing boron and magnesium, and the organic electrolyte solution includes an aromatic sulfone compound, a non-aqueous solvent, and a lithium salt. The lithium battery has excellent high-temperature storage characteristics.

Abstract: A lithium battery (1) including a positive electrode (10) containing low-crystallinity manganese dioxide having a specific surface area of 8 to 28 m2/g as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode (11) containing metallic lithium or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode active material, and an organic electrolyte is provided. The lithium battery (1), due to said low-crystallinity manganese dioxide contained therein, has excellent storage characteristics at high temperatures of 100° C. or higher, large-current discharge characteristics, large-current pulse discharge characteristics, low-temperature discharge characteristics, and like characteristics, and in addition, is cost advantageous.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide a lithium primary battery excellent in large-current discharge characteristics in a low temperature environment without sacrificing the high-temperature storage characteristics. The present invention relates to a lithium primary battery including a positive electrode including a fluoride as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode including metallic lithium or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode active material, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode further includes a metal oxide being capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions, having a spinel structure, and having a discharge potential versus lithium lower than that of the fluoride.

Abstract: A lithium primary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an organic electrolyte, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode: the negative electrode including a negative electrode active material; the negative electrode active material being at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium metal and a lithium alloy; at least a surface layer portion of the negative electrode including a composite of amorphous carbon material and the negative electrode active material; and the surface layer portion facing the positive electrode with the separator interposed therebetween.

Abstract: The heat control device for a battery of the present invention contains i) a radiator for dissipating heat that has generated in a battery through a charging and discharging process; and ii) a heat controller that transforms its shape by heat. The structure can protect a battery from anomalous overheating. On the other hand, when the temperature of the battery falls down, the device protects the battery not only from over-dissipating, but also from degradation in output power characteristics of the battery.

Abstract: In the case of using a thick electrode plate with a high packing density of an active material, a lithium-containing oxide Y not involved in charge/discharge reaction is added to a negative electrode to improve the transport of lithium ions from an active material to the surface of the electrode plate. The lithium-containing oxide Y has a mean particle size of 0.01 to 0.5 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A negative electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery contains, as main a component, composite particles constructed in such a manner that at least part of the surface of nuclear particles comprising at least one of tin, silicon and zinc as a constituent element, is coated with a solid solution or an inter-metallic compound composed of elements included in the nuclear particle and at least one element, exclusive of the element included in said nuclear particle, selected from a group of elements in a Periodic Table, comprising group 2 elements, transition elements, group 12 elements, group 13 elements and group 14 elements exclusive of carbon. The batteries of the present invention include non-aqueous electrolytic solution and solid electrolytes comprising polymer gel electrolytes. The construction of the present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolytic secondary battery with which a possibility of the generation of gas is extremely low when stored at high temperatures.

Abstract: In order to improve a storage stability at high temperatures of a lithium polymer battery including: a positive electrode comprising a lithium-containing complex oxide; a negative electrode comprising a material capable of absorbing and desorbing a lithium ion; and a separator comprising a liquid organic electrolyte and a host polymer retaining the liquid organic electrolyte, the separator is rendered homogeneous and excellent in the affinity with the organic electrolyte by using a crosslinked copolymer having a main-chain comprising a vinylidene fluoride unit and a side-chain comprising an alkylene oxide unit and at least one of an acrylate unit and methacrylate unit as the host polymer.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery is disclosed. The battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte solution comprising an electrolyte, a separator, and a ligand. The ligand is oriented at the interface of the electrolyte solution and the positive electrode and at the interface of the electrolyte solution and the negative electrode. The ligand has a cyclic structure having a pore that has a diameter of about 1.7 angstroms or more and coordinates lithium ions more strongly than either the solvent or the electrolyte. Typical ligands are coronands (crown ethers), podanocoronands (lariat ethers), cryptands, and spherands. The battery maintains high reliability and energy density, even after storage at high temperature.

Abstract: In a lithium polymer secondary battery comprising: a positive electrode comprising a lithium-containing complex oxide; a negative electrode comprising a material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions; and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the weight Wp of the polymer material constituting the polymer electrolyte contained in the positive electrode, the weight Wn of the polymer material constituting the polymer electrolyte contained in the negative electrode, and the weight Ws of the polymer material constituting the polymer electrolyte contained in the separator satisfy all of the following: Ws<Wn<Wp, 20≦100Wp/(Wp+Wn+Ws)≦50, 20≦100Wn/(Wp+Wn+Ws)≦50, and 20≦100Ws/(Wp+Wn+Ws)≦50; so that a lithium polymer secondary battery which is excellent in cycle stability and high in reliability is provided.

Abstract: In a lithium polymer secondary battery comprising: a positive electrode comprising a lithium-containing complex oxide; a negative electrode comprising a material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions; and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the weight Wp of the polymer material constituting the polymer electrolyte contained in the positive electrode, the weight Wn of the polymer material constituting the polymer electrolyte contained in the negative electrode, and the weight Ws of the polymer material constituting the polymer electrolyte contained in the separator satisfy all of the following: Ws<Wn<Wp, 20≦100Wp/(Wp+Wn+Ws)≦50, 20≦100Wn/(Wp+Wn+Ws)≦50, and 20≦100Ws/(Wp+Wn+Ws)≦50; so that a lithium polymer secondary battery which is excellent in cycle stability and high in reliability is provided.

Abstract: In order to improve a storage stability at high temperatures of a lithium polymer battery including: a positive electrode comprising a lithium-containing complex oxide; a negative electrode comprising a material capable of absorbing and desorbing a lithium ion; and a separator comprising a liquid organic electrolyte and a host polymer retaining the liquid organic electrolyte, the separator is rendered homogeneous and excellent in the affinity with the organic electrolyte by using a crosslinked copolymer having a main-chain comprising a vinylidene fluoride unit and a side-chain comprising an alkylene oxide unit and at least one of an acrylate unit and methacrylate unit as the host polymer.

Abstract: To obtain highly reliable lithium polymer secondary batteries with charge/discharge cycle characteristics equivalent to those of lithium ion secondary batteries, 70 to 90% of the total void volume of an electrode group formed by laminating the positive electrode, negative electrode and separator is filled with a nonaqueous electrolyte.