Abstract: A multilayer printed wiring board includes a multilayered structure having conductor circuit layers and interlaminar insulative layers, the interlaminar insulative layers including an outermost interlaminar insulative layer, the conductor circuit layers including an outermost conductor circuit layer formed over the outermost interlaminar insulative, a filled-viahole formed in the outermost interlaminar insulative layer and having one or more metal plating fillings and completely closing a hole formed through the outermost interlaminar insulative layer such that the metal plating of the filled-viahole extends out of the hole and forms a substantially flat surface, and solder bumps including a first solder bump formed on the substantially flat surface of the filled-viahole and a second solder bump formed on a surface portion in the outermost conductor circuit layer.

Abstract: A charging device includes a charging member that includes a rotating shaft and charges a surface of a charging object while rotating in contact with the charging object, a cleaning member that includes a rotating shaft and removes unwanted matter from a surface of the charging member while rotating in contact with the charging member, and a bearing member that includes first and second receiving portions each having an open part on one side thereof and a substantially concave-shaped bottom on another side thereof. The first and second receiving portions receive circumferences of the rotating shafts of the charging member and the cleaning member, respectively, at the bottoms thereof. The open parts of the first receiving portion and the second receiving portion face respectively different directions. A part of an inner surface of the second receiving portion forms a part of an outer surface of the first receiving portion.

Abstract: [Problem] An object of the present invention is to provide a motor controlling apparatus that comprises a single current sensor and obtains a maximal duty range that current becomes detectable with realizing size reduction, weight saving and cost reduction and an electric power steering apparatus using the same.

Abstract: An optical information recording/reproducing apparatus, to apply holograms of an angle multiplex recording method therein includes: a light source to emit a light beam; a divider unit to divide the light beam into a signal beam and a reference light; an angle variable unit to change an angle of the reference light incident upon an optical information recording medium; a spatial light modulator unit to add information to the signal beam; an objective lens to irradiate the signal beam on the medium; an image pickup unit to detect a diffracted light generating from a recording region, when the reference light is irradiated on the medium; and an optical element to shape a form of light flux of the reference light, so that a light flux diameter of the reference light in a multiplex direction becomes larger than the light flux diameter of the reference light in a pitch direction.

Abstract: A holographic memory apparatus includes an optical detector which receives reflected light of reference beam from the surface of a hologram recording medium. An incident angle of the reference beam is estimated on the basis of information on a focused position on the optical detector. When the incident angle is different from a target incident angle, the incident angle of the reference beam is adjusted according to a difference between the incident angle and the target incident angle.

Abstract: A holographic recording medium in which information can be reproduced by phase conjugate beam without requiring a mirror for obtaining the phase conjugate beam and its driving part and recording density is not reduced. The recording medium includes a recording layer in which an interference pattern is recorded and a light absorption/transmission layer which can be reversibly changed to be in a first state where signal beam and reference beam passed through the recording layer are absorbed at the time of recording of information and a second state where the reference beam is transmitted at the time of reproduction of information, and the reference beam transmitted through the light absorption/transmission layer is reflected by a reflection layer to produce the phase conjugate beam.

Abstract: An optical information recording/reproducing apparatus, to apply holograms of an angle multiplex recording method therein includes: a light source to emit a light beam; a divider unit to divide the light beam into a signal beam and a reference light; an angle variable unit to change an angle of the reference light incident upon an optical information recording medium; a spatial light modulator unit to add information to the signal beam; an objective lens to irradiate the signal beam on the medium; an image pickup unit to detect a diffracted light generating from a recording region, when the reference light is irradiated on the medium; and an optical element to shape a form of light flux of the reference light, so that a light flux diameter of the reference light in a multiplex direction becomes larger than the light flux diameter of the reference light in a pitch direction.

Abstract: A holographic memory apparatus includes an optical detector which receives reflected light of reference beam from the surface of a hologram recording medium. An incident angle of the reference beam is estimated on the basis of information on a focused position on the optical detector. When the incident angle is different from a target incident angle, the incident angle of the reference beam is adjusted according to a difference between the incident angle and the target incident angle.

Abstract: [Problem] An object of the present invention is to provide a motor controlling apparatus that comprises a single current sensor and obtains a maximal duty range that current becomes detectable with realizing size reduction, weight saving and cost reduction and an electric power steering apparatus using the same.

Abstract: A charging device includes a charging member that includes a rotating shaft and charges a surface of a charging object while rotating in contact with the charging object, a cleaning member that includes a rotating shaft and removes unwanted matter from a surface of the charging member while rotating in contact with the charging member, and a bearing member that includes first and second receiving portions each having an open part on one side thereof and a substantially concave-shaped bottom on another side thereof. The first and second receiving portions receive circumferences of the rotating shafts of the charging member and the cleaning member, respectively, at the bottoms thereof. The open parts of the first receiving portion and the second receiving portion face respectively different directions. A part of an inner surface of the second receiving portion forms a part of an outer surface of the first receiving portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multilayer printed circuit board includes preparing a substrate having a first conductor circuit, forming on first circuit formed over substrate a film including cycloolefin resin such that an insulating layer including the resin is formed on substrate and first circuit, forming in insulating layer an opening exposing at least portion of first circuit, forming an electroless plating film covering surface of insulating layer including surface of insulating layer inside opening, forming on electroless film a plating resist layer having pattern exposing selected portions of electroless film, selected portions of electroless film including a second conductor circuit and a portion of electroless film covering opening, and forming an electrolytic plating film covering selected portions of electroless film such that a filled via conductor including an electrolytic material filling space in opening and that first circuit is connected to second circuit via conductor.

Abstract: In an optical information reproduction method for reproducing information using holography from a medium which records an interference pattern generated when overlapping a signal beam and a reference beam, the reference beam is radiated to the medium at a reference beam angle with a predetermined range for reproducing the information, a reproduction beam is generated by diffracting the reference beam with the interference pattern, the reproduction beam is detected by a photodetector; and the information is reproduced by processing a signal detected by the photodetector.

Abstract: A video processor and method for swiftly detecting swaps occurring between links during transmission of images by the dual-link system. A first image combiner unit combines an image D1 of a first link as an odd-numbered image, with an image of a second link, to generate a first combination image. A second image combiner unit combines an image of a second link as an odd-numbered image, with the image of the first link to generate a second combination image. An edge detector unit detects the horizontal edge of the first combination image and the second combination image. A judgment unit compares the number of triple edges in the first combination image and second combination image, and judges the combination image having more triple edges as the error image. The triple edges contain three consecutive edges along the horizontal direction, and the rising edges and falling edges are arrayed alternately.

Abstract: In case of reproducing a hologram recorded on an optical information recording medium, adjusting beam with the amplitude distribution and phase distribution at least partially the same as those of a signal beam upon recording is radiated to the optical information recording medium which records information. The diffracting beam diffracted by the hologram is detected by a photodetector. Based on the detected information, an incident angle of the reference beam to the optical information recording medium is appropriately controlled.

Abstract: A game device calculates a shift angle A based on a magnitude of a velocity vector S of a moving object MO and inclination information that indicates an inclination of a controller, calculates a direction D of the moving object on a slope based on a direction of the velocity vector S of the moving object and the shift angle A, calculates a first force vector P1 in the direction intersecting at right angles on the slope with the direction D of the moving object on the slope based on the inclination information, calculates a second force vector P2 based on a slope angle of the slope, calculates a resultant force vector PS by combining the first force vector P1 and the second force vector P2, updates the velocity vector S of the moving object based on the resultant force vector PS, and updates a position of the moving object MO based on the updated velocity vector.

Abstract: The optical information recording and reproducing device utilizing holography requires the optical system to generate the signal beam and the reference beam to be irradiated to the holographic storage medium as well as another optical system to generate the curing light beam to be irradiated to the holographic storage medium. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of backward compatibility, if the same device is used for recording or reproduction on the conventional optical discs represented by Blu-ray Disc, another optical system adaptable to recording and reproduction on these optical disks is required. This means the optical system configurations become complicated and larger in size. One solution for downsizing is to use the reference beam also as the curing light beam. Another way is sharing of optical path for curing light beam and for the reference beam. Furthermore, it is possible to share the light source for generating the curing light beam and for generating the recording or reproducing light beam.

Abstract: A holographic memory apparatus comprises first phase modulation means that adds phase information to each pixel of a signal beam to generate page data at recording time; oscillator light generation means that generates an oscillator light that is superimposed on, and interferes with, a diffracted light from a holographic recording medium at reproduction time; second phase modulation means that adds phase information to the oscillator light; and light detection means that detects an interference light generated by superimposing the oscillator light and the diffracted light from the holographic recording medium.

Abstract: An optical information reproducing method and apparatus using an angle-multiplex recording type holographic memory. An optical information recording medium is exposed to a reference beam, the intensity of a diffracted beam diffracted in the medium is detected by a photodetector, an error signal is generated based on a value obtained by differentiating the detected intensity of the diffracted beam based on an angle of the reference beam, so that a reference beam angle control element is subjected to a feedback control.

Abstract: A video processor and method for swiftly detecting swaps occurring between links during transmission of images by the dual-link system. A first image combiner unit combines an image D1 of a first link as an odd-numbered image, with an image of a second link, to generate a first combination image. A second image combiner unit combines an image of a second link as an odd-numbered image, with the image of the first link to generate a second combination image. An edge detector unit detects the horizontal edge of the first combination image and the second combination image. A judgment unit compares the number of triple edges in the first combination image and second combination image, and judges the combination image having more triple edges as the error image. The triple edges contain three consecutive edges along the horizontal direction, and the rising edges and falling edges are arrayed alternately.

Abstract: A signal quality evaluating method necessary for a signal quality evaluation index and a margin design is provided for an apparatus utilizing hologram recording techniques. An evaluation index is used being obtained by dividing root sum square of standard deviations of luminance value distribution of on- and off-pixels obtained from reproduced signals, by a difference between average values.