Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes: a head including a pressure chamber and a nozzle, the head configured to discharge a liquid in the pressure chamber from the nozzle; circuitry configured to generate a drive waveform including multiple drive pulses to be applied to the head, the drive waveform successively including, in time series: a non-discharge pulse that does not cause the head to discharge the liquid from the nozzle; a latter discharge pulse after the non-discharge pulse, the latter discharge pulse including a contraction waveform element that contracts the pressure chamber to discharge the liquid from the nozzle; and a contraction waveform including the contraction waveform element that contracts the pressure chamber.

Abstract: A liquid discharging device includes a carriage carrying a head configured to discharge a liquid onto a target, the liquid including an ink, the ink consisting water, an organic solvent, a coloring material, and a plurality of polysiloxane compounds, a driving unit configured to move the carriage and the target relatively to each other, a measuring unit configured to measure the distance between the carriage and the target, an image-capturing unit configured to capture a target image, and a setting unit configured to set a liquid discharging performance of the head based on a measurement result obtained by the measuring unit and the target image obtained by the image-capturing unit.

Abstract: A liquid discharging device includes a carriage carrying a head configured to discharge a liquid onto a target, the liquid comprising an ink, the ink comprising water, an organic solvent, a coloring material, and a plurality of polysiloxane compounds, a driving unit configured to move the carriage and the target relatively to each other, a measuring unit configured to measure the distance between the carriage and the target, an image-capturing unit configured to capture a target image, and a setting unit configured to set a liquid discharging performance of the head based on a measurement result obtained by the measuring unit and the target image obtained by the image-capturing unit.

Abstract: A liquid discharging device detects, among a plurality of nozzles of a liquid discharging head, a normal-discharging nozzle and a false-discharging nozzle, selects whether to recover discharging performance of the false-discharging nozzle by a cleaner or to compensate deterioration in an image caused by the false-discharging nozzle by a compensator using the normal-discharging nozzle according to the detected number of consecutive false-discharging nozzles, and performs operation according to the selection.

Abstract: A liquid discharging device detects, among a plurality of nozzles of a liquid discharging head, a normal-discharging nozzle and a false-discharging nozzle, selects whether to recover discharging performance of the false-discharging nozzle by a cleaner or to compensate deterioration in an image caused by the false-discharging nozzle by a compensator using the normal-discharging nozzle according to the detected number of consecutive false-discharging nozzles, and performs operation according to the selection.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier carrying a latent image, a charging device uniformly charging a surface of the image carrier, an exposure device performing, in accordance with image data, an exposure operation on the charged image carrier surface to write the latent image, a development device supplying toner to the latent image to develop a visible image, a transfer device transferring the visible image to an intermediate transfer member or a recording medium, a lubricant application device applying lubricant to the image carrier surface, a cleaning device cleaning the image carrier surface after a transfer operation, a fixing device fixing the transferred image on the recording medium, and a control device controlling, in accordance with recent print information, the operation in a lubricant application mode in which the lubricant application device applies the lubricant to the image carrier surface.

Abstract: A novel development device includes a developer roller, a developer reservoir, a rotatable conveyor, and a replenisher unit. The developer roller is configured to supply toner particles to the electrostatic latent image. The developer reservoir is configured to hold the developer therewithin for application to the developer roller. The rotatable conveyor is configured to rotate within the developer reservoir to convey the developer toward the developer roller. The replenisher unit has a tubular member terminating at a port opening in the developer reservoir. The replenisher unit is configured to direct a particulate material through the tubular member into the developer reservoir via the port. The particulate material is toner particles, carrier particles, or a mixture of toner particles and a given amount of carrier particles. The port is submerged in the developer within the developer reservoir as the rotatable conveyor rotates.

Abstract: An image forming method and apparatus includes a first image carrying member, a first transfix unit, a second image carrying member, and a second transfix unit. The first image carrying member carries a first toner image thereon. The first transfix unit receives the first toner image from the first image carrying member and transfers and fixes the first toner image onto a first face of a recording sheet with a heat effect. The second image carrying member carries a second toner image thereon. The second transfix unit receives the second toner image from the second image carrying member and transfers and fixes the second toner image onto a second face of the recording sheet with a heat effect.

Abstract: A developing unit circulates a developer unidirectionally and includes a developer carrier having a magnetic field generator therein. The developing unit further includes a supply part housing a supply screw, a collecting part housing a collecting screw, an agitation part housing an agitation screw, a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The developer is transported by the supply screw, the collecting screw, and the agitation screw from the collecting screw to the agitation screw through the first opening, from the agitation screw to the supply screw through the second opening, and from the supply screw to the collecting screw though the third opening in a developer circulation. A height of a bottom surface of the downstream part of the agitation screw is higher than a height of a bottom surface of the supply screw.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier carrying a latent image, a charging device uniformly charging a surface of the image carrier, an exposure device performing, in accordance with image data, an exposure operation on the charged image carrier surface to write the latent image, a development device supplying toner to the latent image to develop a visible image, a transfer device transferring the visible image to an intermediate transfer member or a recording medium, a lubricant application device applying lubricant to the image carrier surface, a cleaning device cleaning the image carrier surface after a transfer operation, a fixing device fixing the transferred image on the recording medium, and a control device controlling, in accordance with recent print information, the operation in a lubricant application mode in which the lubricant application device applies the lubricant to the image carrier surface.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developer bearing member, a developer supplying conveyer, a developer receiving conveyer and a developer agitating conveyer. The developer supplying conveyer or the developer receiving conveyer has at least one dividing position. The dividing position is a position at which the conveying direction of the developer reverses, and a position which is arranged so that if the dividing position is projected to the developer bearing member along a plane which is perpendicular to the widthwise direction of the developer bearing member, the projected position on the developer bearing member is within an area in which the developer is borne on the developer bearing member.

Abstract: A first-side reflected-light detector includes a first light-receiving unit that receives a first light emitted from a first light-emitting unit and reflected on a first side of a recording medium. A second-side reflected-light detector includes a second light-receiving unit that receives a second light emitted from a second light-emitting unit and reflected on a second side of the recording medium. The first-side reflected-light detector and the second-side reflected-light detector are arranged in such a manner that the first light-receiving unit is fixed at a position off from an extension line from the second light-emitting unit in an emitting direction of the second light, and the second light-receiving unit is fixed at a position off from an extension line from the first light-emitting unit in an emitting direction of the first light.

Abstract: A novel development device includes a developer roller, a developer reservoir, a rotatable conveyor, and a replenisher unit. The developer roller is configured to supply toner particles to the electrostatic latent image. The developer reservoir is configured to hold the developer therewithin for application to the developer roller. The rotatable conveyor is configured to rotate within the developer reservoir to convey the developer toward the developer roller. The replenisher unit has a tubular member terminating at a port opening in the developer reservoir. The replenisher unit is configured to direct a particulate material through the tubular member into the developer reservoir via the port. The particulate material is toner particles, carrier particles, or a mixture of toner particles and a given amount of carrier particles. The port is submerged in the developer within the developer reservoir as the rotatable conveyor rotates.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developer bearing member, a developer supplying conveyer, a developer receiving conveyer and a developer agitating conveyer. The developer supplying conveyer or the developer receiving conveyer has at least one dividing position. The dividing position is a position at which the conveying direction of the developer reverses, and a position which is arranged so that if the dividing position is projected to the developer bearing member along a plane which is perpendicular to the widthwise direction of the developer bearing member, the projected position on the developer bearing member is within an area in which the developer is borne on the developer bearing member.

Abstract: A developing unit circulates a developer unidirectionally and includes a developer carrier having a magnetic field generator therein. The developing unit further includes a supply part housing a supply screw, a collecting part housing a collecting screw, an agitation part housing an agitation screw, a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The developer is transported by the supply screw, the collecting screw, and the agitation screw from the collecting screw to the agitation screw through the first opening, from the agitation screw to the supply screw through the second opening, and from the supply screw to the collecting screw though the third opening in a developer circulation. A height of a bottom surface of the downstream part of the agitation screw is higher than a height of a bottom surface of the supply screw.

Abstract: An image forming method and apparatus includes a first image carrying member, a first transfix unit, a second image carrying member, and a second transfix unit. The first image carrying member carries a first toner image thereon. The first transfix unit receives the first toner image from the first image carrying member and transfers and fixes the first toner image onto a first face of a recording sheet with a heat effect. The second image carrying member carries a second toner image thereon. The second transfix unit receives the second toner image from the second image carrying member and transfers and fixes the second toner image onto a second face of the recording sheet with a heat effect.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for recording on two sides in a single pass, with which the transfer of a toner image onto one side of a recording medium and the transfer of a toner image onto the other side can both be performed under optimal conditions, which results in an increase in image quality. Contact-type transfer rollers are used as secondary and tertiary transfer means, so unlike with a transfer charger (a non-contact type of transfer means), there is no discharge product. A toner image that has been once transferred from an image support onto a recording medium is prevented from being retransferred back onto the image support, and a toner image that has been transferred onto the recording medium by the action of a first transfer member is prevented from being retransferred to the image support when a toner image is transferred onto the recording medium by the action of a second transfer member.

Abstract: A first-side reflected-light detector includes a first light-receiving unit that receives a first light emitted from a first light-emitting unit and reflected on a first side of a recording medium. A second-side reflected-light detector includes a second light-receiving unit that receives a second light emitted from a second light-emitting unit and reflected on a second side of the recording medium. The first-side reflected-light detector and the second-side reflected-light detector are arranged in such a manner that the first light-receiving unit is fixed at a position off from an extension line from the second light-emitting unit in an emitting direction of the second light, and the second light-receiving unit is fixed at a position off from an extension line from the first light-emitting unit in an emitting direction of the first light.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for recording on two sides in a single pass, with which the transfer of a toner image onto one side of a recording medium and the transfer of a toner image onto the other side can both be performed under optimal conditions, which results in an increase in image quality. Contact-type transfer rollers are used as secondary and tertiary transfer means, so unlike with a transfer charger (a non-contact type of transfer means), there is no discharge product. A toner image that has been once transferred from an image support onto a recording medium is prevented from being retransferred back onto the image support, and a toner image that has been transferred onto the recording medium by the action of a first transfer member is prevented from being retransferred to the image support when a toner image is transferred onto the recording medium by the action of a second transfer member.