Abstract: A liquid crystal filter made of a plurality of region having different liquid crystal molecule arrangement directions has a problem that linear defects, which are visible at boundaries between different liquid crystal molecule arrangement directions, are captured by image capturing elements. Therefore, provided is a liquid crystal filter comprising a first region that includes liquid crystals arranged in a first direction; a second region that includes liquid crystals arranged in a second direction, which is different from the first direction; and a buffer region that is disposed between the first region and the second region, and includes liquid crystals arranged in an intermediate direction between the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: A transmission type screen including a fly-eye lens having a convex shape on one side thereof and a light-shielding layer provided on an opposite side of a lens surface of the fly-eye lens and having a plurality of openings provided near each focus of lens unit cells, wherein if uniform light perpendicular to an optical axis of the lens unit cell is incident upon the lens surface, luminance on an emission side of the screen when the screen is observed from a direction inclined against the optical axis of the lens unit lens by a predetermined angle in a horizontal direction when the screen is used is larger than luminance when the screen is observed from a direction inclined by the same angle as that in the horizontal direction in a vertical direction when the screen is used.

Abstract: According to the invention, a shape with rotational symmetry and minuteness can be easily processed. There is provided a laser ablation apparatus that irradiates laser beams on a work-piece to process the work-piece. The laser ablation apparatus includes a work-piece supporting part that supports the work-piece, an irradiating part that is arranged opposite the work-piece supporting part and irradiates the laser beams of which at least a part are transmitted through a mask on the work-piece, and a rotary driving part that drives the work-piece supporting part and the irradiating part in order to relatively move these parts in a direction of rotation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rear projection display screen exhibiting an extremely excellent practicability which can realize the prevention of reflection with no color slurring and can prevent the generation of a ghost image. In a rear projection display screen which includes a first optical member which converts a diffusion light from a light source into a collimated light, and a second optical member which converts the collimated light output from the first optical member to light having a proper output angle-luminosity distribution in the order from the light source side, at least a light-source side surface of the second optical member has a refractive index distribution.

Abstract: There is provided a rear projection screen for transmitting image light. The rear projection screen has a plurality of single lenses arrayed evenly on an incident plane for inputting the image light and having focal points in the vicinity of an outgoing plane of the rear projection screen, an incident-side black matrix, formed in lens boundaries where the plurality of single lenses adjoin each other, for blocking the image light incident on the lens boundaries and an outgoing-side black matrix in which an opening centering on an optical axis of the single lens is formed in the vicinity of each focal point of the plurality of single lenses in the vicinity of the outgoing plane of the rear projection screen.

Abstract: There is provided a rear projection screen having a larger viewing angle in a diagonal direction than those in other directions in use. In a fly-eye lens having a plurality of lens units, a lens boundary where lens units adjoin each other has a rectangular shape analogous to an external form of the fly-eye lens and when image light parallel to a direction of an optical axis of the lens unit is incident on a lens face of the lens unit in using the fly-eye lens while orienting a short side of the rectangle in the vertical direction, a diffusion angle of the image light outgoing from the lens unit is larger in a diagonal direction of the rectangle of the external form of the fly-eye lens than those in the horizontal and vertical directions.

Abstract: There is provided a transmissive type screen having a high contrast and display quality. The transmissive type screen has at least, in order from the side of a light source, a Fresnel lens, a microlens array and a transparent high cross-linking section formed at a focal point of each microlens and has an opaque section around the high cross-linking section centering on an optical axis of each microlens. Here, the opaque section shuts out light by dye molecules dispersed therein.

Abstract: A transmission type screen 306 including a fly-eye lens 171 having a convex shape on one side thereof and a light-shielding layer 173 provided on an opposite side of a lens surface of the fly-eye lens 171 and having a plurality of openings 174 provided near each focus of lens unit cells 170, wherein if uniform light perpendicular to an optical axis of the lens unit cell 170 is incident upon the lens surface, luminance on an emission side of the screen when the screen is observed from a direction inclined against the optical axis of the lens unit lens 170 by a predetermined angle in a horizontal direction when the screen is used is larger than luminance when the screen is observed from a direction inclined by the same angle as that in the horizontal direction in a vertical direction when the screen is used.