Abstract: A carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, in which a nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm exhibits two hysteresis loops having a first hysteresis loop and a second hysteresis loop in a range where a relative pressure P/P0 is 0.4 or more.

Abstract: A support for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell catalyst satisfying the following requirements (A), (B), (C), and (D), and a producing method thereof, as well as a catalyst layer for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a fuel cell: (A) a specific surface area according to a BET analysis of a nitrogen adsorption isotherm is from 450 to 1500 m2/g. (B) a nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm forms a hysteresis loop in a range of relative pressure P/P0 of more than 0.47 but not more than 0.90, and a hysteresis loop area ?S0.47-0.9 is from 1 to 35 mL/g; (C) a relative pressure Pclose/P0 at which the hysteresis loop closes is more than 0.47 but not more than 0.70; and (D) a half-width of a G band detected by Raman spectrometry in a range of from 1500 to 1700 cm?1 is from 45 to 75 cm?1.

Abstract: The present invention is a carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which has a three-dimensional dendritic structure, and simultaneously satisfies the following (A), (B), and (C). (A) By a laser Raman spectroscopic analysis with a wavelength of 532 nm, a standard deviation ?(R) of an intensity ratio (R value) of an intensity of a D-band (near 1360 cm?1) to an intensity of a G-band (near 1580 cm?1) measured with a beam diameter of 1 ?m at 50 measurement points is from 0.01 to 0.07. (B) A BET specific surface area SBET is from 400 to 1520 m2/g. (C) A nitrogen gas adsorption amount VN:0.4-0.8 during a relative pressure (p/p0) from 0.4 to 0.8 is from 100 to 300 cc(STP)/g. A method of producing such a carbon material for a catalyst carrier is also included.

Abstract: Provided are a carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the carbon material being a porous carbon material and simultaneously satisfying (1) an intensity ratio (I750/Ipeak) of an intensity at 750° C. (I750) and a peak intensity in a vicinity of 690° C. (Ipeak), in a derivative thermogravimetric curve (DTG) obtained by a thermogravimetric analysis when a temperature is raised at a rate of 10° C./min under an air atmosphere, is 0.10 or less; (2) a BET specific surface area, determined by BET analysis of a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm, is from 400 to 1,500 m2/g; (3) an integrated pore volume V2-10 of a pore diameter of from 2 to 10 nm, determined by analysis of the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using Dollimore-Heal method, is from 0.4 to 1.5 mL/g; and (4) a nitrogen gas adsorption amount Vmacro at a relative pressure of from 0.95 to 0.99 in the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm is from 300 to 1,200 cc(STP)/g, as well as a method of producing the same.

Abstract: A Si/Mn ratio of steel material components of a base material is not less than 0.27 nor more than 0.90 in mass ratio, an internal oxide layer having a thickness of not less than 1 ?m nor more than 30 ?m is provided right below an oxide scale of a steel sheet surface layer portion, and regarding the internal oxide layer, an internal oxide in a crystal grain of the internal oxide layer is an oxide containing Si and having a thickness of not less than 10 nm nor more than 200 nm in a crystal grain in a range of greater than 0% and 30% or less of a thickness of the internal oxide layer from an interface between the internal oxide layer and base iron toward a direction of the surface layer oxide scale, one or more branches of the internal oxide exist in a cross section of 1 ?m×1 ?m square, and in any crystal grain boundary having a length of 1 ?m, one or more of the internal oxides in the crystal grain are connected to an internal oxide of the crystal grain boundary to form a net-like structure.

Abstract: A carbon material for catalyst carrier use excellent in both durability and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, in particular both durability of a carbon material for catalyst carrier use with respect to repeated load fluctuations due to startup and shutdown and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, and a catalyst for solid-polymer fuel cell use prepared using the same etc. are provided. To solve this technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbon material for catalyst carrier use satisfying the following (A) to (D): (A) an oxygen content OICP of 0.1 to 3.0 mass % contained in the carbon material for catalyst carrier use; (B) a residual amount of oxygen O1200° C. of 0.1 to 1.5 mass % remaining after heat treatment in an inert gas (or vacuum) atmosphere at 1200° C.

Abstract: A support for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell catalyst satisfying the following requirements (A), (B), (C), and (D), and a producing method thereof, as well as a catalyst layer for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a fuel cell: (A) a specific surface area according to a BET analysis of a nitrogen adsorption isotherm is from 450 to 1500 m2/g. (B) a nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm forms a hysteresis loop in a range of relative pressure P/P0 of more than 0.47 but not more than 0.90, and a hysteresis loop area ?S0.47-0.9 is from 1 to 35 mL/g; (C) a relative pressure Pclose/P0 at which the hysteresis loop closes is more than 0.47 but not more than 0.70; and (D) a half-width of a G band detected by Raman spectrometry in a range of from 1500 to 1700 cm?1 is from 45 to 75 cm?1.

Abstract: A carbon material for use as a catalyst carrier for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which is a porous carbon material and satisfies at the same time (1) the content of a crystallized material is 1.6 or less, (2) the BET specific surface area obtained by a BET analysis of a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm is from 400 to 1500 m2/g, (3) the cumulative pore volume V2-10 with respect to a pore diameter of from 2 to 10 nm obtained by an analysis of a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using the Dollimore-Heal method is from 0.4 to 1.5 mL/g, and (4) the nitrogen gas adsorption amount Vmacro between a relative pressure of 0.95 and 0.99 in a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm is from 300 to 1200 cc(STP)/g, and the method of producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel and improved metal-air battery in which a lot of catalyst can be disposed in a triple phase boundary, and further, battery properties can be improved. In the metal-air battery according to the present invention, a catalyst layer of an air electrode of a metal-air battery contains a catalyst element and a carbon material, the carbon material comprises two materials of a carbon material A supporting thereon the catalyst element and a carbon material B not supporting the catalyst element, the catalyst layer comprises an agglomerate X containing the catalyst element, the carbon material A and the carbon material B as main components and an agglomerate Y containing the carbon material B as a main component, and the agglomerate X is a continuum and the agglomerate Y is dispersed in the agglomerate X.

Abstract: The present invention is a carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which has a three-dimensional dendritic structure, and simultaneously satisfies the following (A), (B), and (C). (A) By a laser Raman spectroscopic analysis with a wavelength of 532 nm, a standard deviation ?(R) of an intensity ratio (R value) of an intensity of a D-band (near 1360 cm?1) to an intensity of a G-band (near 1580 cm?1) measured with a beam diameter of 1 ?m at 50 measurement points is from 0.01 to 0.07. (B) A BET specific surface area SBET is from 400 to 1520 m2/g. (C) A nitrogen gas adsorption amount VN:0.4-0.8 during a relative pressure (p/p0) from 0.4 to 0.8 is from 100 to 300 cc(STP)/g. A method of producing such a carbon material for a catalyst carrier is also included.

Abstract: To provide a crash energy absorbing part which is light in weight, and in which collapsing deformation into a bellows shape occurs more stably even when a crash load is applied in a direction crossing the shock-absorbing direction of the crash energy absorbing part. The crash energy absorbing part of the present invention is constructed of a member that is obtained by forming a sandwich metal sheet (1), which is formed by laminating a surface layer (3A, 3B) formed of a metal sheet on each side surface of a core layer (5) and bonding them. By controlling a deformation rate of a center layer of the sandwich metal sheet (1) for constructing the crash energy absorbing part, the crash energy absorbing part of the present invention is deformed at a short wavelength regardless of a direction of a crash load that is applied, whereby collapsing deformation into a bellows shape more stably occurs.

Abstract: A carbon material for catalyst carrier use excellent in both durability and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, in particular both durability of a carbon material for catalyst carrier use with respect to repeated load fluctuations due to startup and shutdown and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, and a catalyst for solid-polymer fuel cell use prepared using the same etc. are provided. To solve this technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbon material for catalyst carrier use satisfying the following (A) to (D): (A) an oxygen content OICP of 0.1 to 3.0 mass % contained in the carbon material for catalyst carrier use; (B) a residual amount of oxygen O1200° C. of 0.1 to 1.5 mass % remaining after heat treatment in an inert gas (or vacuum) atmosphere at 1200° C.

Abstract: A Si/Mn ratio of steel material components of a base material is not less than 0.27 nor more than 0.90 in mass ratio, an internal oxide layer having a thickness of not less than 1 ?m nor more than 30 ?m is provided right below an oxide scale of a steel sheet surface layer portion, and regarding the internal oxide layer, an internal oxide in a crystal grain of the internal oxide layer is an oxide containing Si and having a thickness of not less than 10 nm nor more than 200 nm in a crystal grain in a range of greater than 0% and 30% or less of a thickness of the internal oxide layer from an interface between the internal oxide layer and base iron toward a direction of the surface layer oxide scale, one or more branches of the internal oxide exist in a cross section of 1 ?m×1 ?m square, and in any crystal grain boundary having a length of 1 ?m, one or more of the internal oxides in the crystal grain are connected to an internal oxide of the crystal grain boundary to form a net-like structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel and improved metal-air battery in which a lot of catalyst can be disposed in a triple phase boundary, and further, battery properties can be improved. In the metal-air battery according to the present invention, a catalyst layer of an air electrode of a metal-air battery contains a catalyst element and a carbon material, the carbon material comprises two materials of a carbon material A supporting thereon the catalyst element and a carbon material B not supporting the catalyst element, the catalyst layer comprises an agglomerate X containing the catalyst element, the carbon material A and the carbon material B as main components and an agglomerate Y containing the carbon material B as a main component, and the agglomerate X is a continuum and the agglomerate Y is dispersed in the agglomerate X.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprised of a proton conductive electrolyte film sandwiched between a pair of catalyst layers, wherein the catalyst layer of at least the cathode is comprised of a mixture including a catalyst ingredient, an electrolytic material, and a carbon material, the carbon material is comprised of a catalyst-carrying carbon material carrying the catalyst ingredient and a gas-diffusing carbon material not carrying the catalyst ingredient, and the catalyst-carrying carbon material has an amount of adsorption of water vapor at 25° C. and a relative humidity of 90% of 50 ml/g or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel cell exhibiting a high performance regardless of the humidification conditions.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a novel and improved sandwich metal sheet that can improve the strength of the folded portion, moldability, and external appearance. [Solution] Provided is a sandwich metal sheet including: a core layer including a first truss structure body and a second truss structure body in which trusses formed of frames are arranged in a matrix configuration; a first metal sheet provided on one surface of the core layer and joined to at least a vertex of the first truss structure body; and a second metal sheet provided on another surface of the core layer and joined to at least a vertex of the second truss structure body. The first truss structure body is joined to at least one of the second truss structure body and the second metal sheet, and the second truss structure body is joined to at least one of the first truss structure body and the first metal sheet.

Abstract: To provide a crash energy absorbing part which is light in weight, and in which collapsing deformation into a bellows shape occurs more stably even when a crash load is applied in a direction crossing the shock-absorbing direction of the crash energy absorbing part. The crash energy absorbing part of the present invention is constructed of a member that is obtained by forming a sandwich metal sheet (1), which is formed by laminating a surface layer (3A, 3B) formed of a metal sheet on each side surface of a core layer (5) and bonding them. By controlling a deformation rate of a center layer of the sandwich metal sheet (1) for constructing the crash energy absorbing part, the crash energy absorbing part of the present invention is deformed at a short wavelength regardless of a direction of a crash load that is applied, whereby collapsing deformation into a bellows shape more stably occurs.

Abstract: The present invention has as its object the provision of a solid polymer fuel cell catalyst exhibiting high durability and high power generation performance regardless of the humidification conditions or load conditions. The present invention relates to a solid polymer type fuel cell catalyst which is comprised of a carbon material which carries a catalyst ingredient, wherein the amount of adsorption of water vapor (V10) at 25° C. and a relative humidity of 10% of the carbon material is 2 ml/g or less and the amount of adsorption of water vapor (V90) at 25° C. and a relative humidity of 90% of the carbon material is 400 ml/g or more.

Abstract: The present invention has as its object the provision of a solid polymer fuel cell catalyst exhibiting high durability and high power generation performance regardless of the humidification conditions or load conditions. The present invention relates to a solid polymer type fuel cell catalyst which is comprised of a carbon material which carries a catalyst ingredient, wherein the amount of adsorption of water vapor (V10) at 25° C. and a relative humidity of 10% of the carbon material is 2 ml/g or less and the amount of adsorption of water vapor (V90) at 25° C. and a relative humidity of 90% of the carbon material is 400 ml/g or more.