Abstract: To provide an optical modulation element capable of suppressing electrode loss at a low frequency of 50 GHz or less, and suppressing radiation loss at a high frequency of 50 GHz or more. An optical modulation element comprises: a substrate; and at least one interaction part provided on the substrate. The interaction part includes: first and second optical waveguides formed adjacent to each other on the substrate; and first and second signal electrodes provided so as to oppose the first and second optical waveguides respectively. o ground electrode is provided in a nearby region of the interaction part, and a ground electrode is provided in the vicinity of at least one of an input part and a terminal part electrically connected to each of the first and second signal electrodes.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes a plurality of optical modulation units having a Mach-Zehnder type optical waveguide consisting of two optical waveguides and a high-frequency line pair arranged along the two optical waveguides and consisting of two signal electrodes for applying a pair of differential high-frequency signals, and a plurality of high-resistance conductive films are provided between adjacent high-frequency line pairs separated from the high-frequency line pair.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided with a ridge-shaped optical waveguide formed of a dielectric thin film having electro-optic effect, a buffer layer covering the optical waveguide, a signal electrode formed on the buffer layer so as to be opposed to the optical waveguide through the buffer layer; a ground electrode formed on the buffer layer together with the signal electrode, and a dielectric film having a higher dielectric constant than air and covering at least a part of exposed surfaces of the signal electrode and ground electrode and exposed surfaces of the buffer layer.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided with a substrate, first and second optical waveguides each formed of a ridge-shaped electro-optic material film and disposed so as to be mutually adjacent on the substrate, a buffer layer covering upper surfaces of the first and second optical waveguides, first and second signal electrodes provided above the buffer layer so as to be opposed respectively to the first and second optical waveguides, and a dielectric layer covering at least one of a part of an exposed surface of the first signal electrode and a part of an exposed surface of the second signal electrode, and a part of an upper surface of the buffer layer. Differential signals are applied to the first and second signal electrodes.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided with a ridge-shaped optical waveguide formed of a dielectric thin film having electro-optic effect, a buffer layer covering the optical waveguide, a signal electrode formed on the buffer layer so as to be opposed to the optical waveguide through the buffer layer; a ground electrode formed on the buffer layer together with the signal electrode, and a dielectric film having a higher dielectric constant than air and covering at least a part of exposed surfaces of the signal electrode and ground electrode and exposed surfaces of the buffer layer.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided with a substrate, first and second optical waveguides each formed of a ridge-shaped electro-optic material film and disposed so as to be mutually adjacent on the substrate, a buffer layer covering upper surfaces of the first and second optical waveguides, first and second signal electrodes provided above the buffer layer so as to be opposed respectively to the first and second optical waveguides, and a dielectric layer covering at least one of a part of an exposed surface of the first signal electrode and a part of an exposed surface of the second signal electrode, and a part of an upper surface of the buffer layer. Differential signals are applied to the first and second signal electrodes.

Abstract: A MEMS switch includes a first signal line provided in a first beam, a first GND adjacent to the first signal line, a second signal line provided in a second beam, and a second GND adjacent to the second signal line. A contact terminal is fixed to any one of the first signal line and the second signal line and performs connection between the first signal line and the second signal line according to deformation of the first beam.

Abstract: A loudspeaker diaphragm includes resin and hollow glass member particles contained in the resin. Further, a loudspeaker includes the above-described loudspeaker diaphragm, a magnetic circuit, a frame connected to the magnetic circuit, and a voice coil body having one end connected to the loudspeaker diaphragm and the other end disposed inside a magnetic gap in the magnetic circuit.

Abstract: A MEMS switch includes a first signal line provided in a first beam, a first GND adjacent to the first signal line, a second signal line provided in a second beam, and a second GND adjacent to the second signal line. A contact terminal is fixed to any one of the first signal line and the second signal line and performs connection between the first signal line and the second signal line according to deformation of the first beam.

Abstract: A loudspeaker diaphragm includes resin and hollow glass member particles contained in the resin. Further, a loudspeaker includes the above-described loudspeaker diaphragm, a magnetic circuit, a frame connected to the magnetic circuit, and a voice coil body having one end connected to the loudspeaker diaphragm and the other end disposed inside a magnetic gap in the magnetic circuit.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an antenna device with the isolation among feedpoints being further improved. In order to achieve this goal, the present invention provides an antenna device provided with a substrate having a ground area, and a first conductor, a second conductor and a third conductor. In the antenna, one end of the second conductor is connected to the ground area via a first feedpoint and the other end of the second conductor is connected to the first conductor. A second feedpoint is included serially in the third conductor at any position. Further, at least part of the third conductor is disposed opposite to the first conductor, and both ends of the third conductor are connected to the ground area.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a loop-shaped element radiating a radio wave of at least wavelength ? and having an electrical length of m×?; a first power feeder exciting the loop-shaped element via voltage or current coupling by using a first electrical signal for radiating the radio wave; and a second power feeder exciting the loop-shaped element via a coupling method that is the same type as the first power feeder by using a second electrical signal for radiating a radio wave of wavelength ?/(2×p?1) at a portion that becomes a node of a standing wave that is formed with the first power feeder as an anti-node and that is based on the first electrical signal, here, “m” and “p” are natural numbers.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an antenna device with the isolation among feedpoints being further improved. In order to achieve this goal, the present invention provides an antenna device provided with a substrate having a ground area, and a first conductor, a second conductor and a third conductor. In the antenna, one end of the second conductor is connected to the ground area via a first feedpoint and the other end of the second conductor is connected to the first conductor. A second feedpoint is included serially in the third conductor at any position. Further, at least part of the third conductor is disposed opposite to the first conductor, and both ends of the third conductor are connected to the ground area.

Abstract: An antenna element is formed by providing a radiation electrode on a base member made of a dielectric material. To protect the antenna element from external impact, a void is formed between a housing and the antenna element. This void is filled with a solid member. The relative permittivity of the solid member is equal to or higher than the relative permittivity of the housing, and equal to or lower than the relative permittivity of the base member. The solid member is formed as an elastic member.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a loop-shaped element radiating a radio wave of at least wavelength ? and having an electrical length of m×?; a first power feeder exciting the loop-shaped element via voltage or current coupling by using a first electrical signal for radiating the radio wave; and a second power feeder exciting the loop-shaped element via a coupling method that is the same type as the first power feeder by using a second electrical signal for radiating a radio wave of wavelength ?/(2×p?1) at a portion that becomes a node of a standing wave that is formed with the first power feeder as an anti-node and that is based on the first electrical signal, here, “m” and “p” are natural numbers.

Abstract: An antenna element is formed by providing a radiation electrode on a base member made of a dielectric material. To protect the antenna element from external impact, a void is formed between a housing and the antenna element. This void is filled with a solid member. The relative permittivity of the solid member is equal to or higher than the relative permittivity of the housing, and equal to or lower than the relative permittivity of the base member. The solid member is formed as an elastic member.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic substrate includes a plurality of ceramic layers laminated each other. The plurality of ceramic layers form a bulge and a cavity having such a shape that an opening area of the cavity gradually becomes smaller toward a bottom of the cavity.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic substrate having a cavity is formed by the steps of laminating a plurality of ceramic green sheets including ceramic green sheets having through holes corresponding to the cavity to form a multilayer body, pressing the multilayer body and firing the pressed body. At this time, a shrinkage suppression green sheet is laminated on the surface of the a ceramic green sheet constituting the outermost layer of the multilayer body, and a shrinkage suppression green sheet piece is disposed on the ceramic green sheet exposed to the bottom of the cavity in accordance with the shape of the cavity. A burnable sheet is further disposed on the shrinkage suppression green sheet piece. Before the pressing step, an embedded green sheet separate from the ceramic green sheets (portion separated by inserting a cut) is disposed on the shrinkage suppression green sheet piece or the burnable sheet so that it is filled in the cavity. After the firing step, the embedded green sheet fired is removed.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic substrate includes a plurality of ceramic layers laminated each other. The plurality of ceramic layers form a bulge and a cavity having such a shape that an opening area of the cavity gradually becomes smaller toward a bottom of the cavity.

Abstract: A technique for improving a circulator element for its temperature characteristic is provided. A circulator element including a garnet type ferrite material, and a permanent magnet for applying a direct-current magnetic field to the garnet type ferrite material, wherein S11 represents the saturation magnetization of said garnet type ferrite material at a temperature T1, S12 represents one at a temperature T2, and S13 represents one at a temperature T3; and S21 represents the saturation magnetization of said permanent magnet at a temperature T1, S22 represents one at a temperature T2, and S23 represents one at a temperature T3, where T1<T2<T3, and the saturation magnetizations S11, S12, S13, S21, S22 and S23 are relative values providing that the saturation magnetizations at the temperature T2 is 1, and wherein the relations |(S12?S11)/(T2?T1)|<|(S22?S21)/(T2?T1)| and |(S13?S12)/(T3?T2)|>|(S23?S22)/(T3?T2)| are satisfied.