Abstract: In a portable communication terminal 10 which is capable of communicating with an information terminal 20 between different kinds of networks, the portable communication terminal 10 includes a plurality of radio communication sections 11, 21 which carry out data communications, respectively in respective service areas of the different kinds of networks, data communication control sections 12, 22 which control the data communications of a plurality of radio communication sections 11, 21 by their own first control commands of respective radio communication sections 11, 21, and a command conversion section 13 which carries out conversion of the first control commands used by the data communication control sections 12, 22 and a second control command used for a communication with the information terminal 20.

Abstract: In the state that a train moves from a track circuit 3T toward a track circuit 5T, and a train detection signal TD1 is supplied from the boundary between the track circuits 3T and 5T to the track circuits 3T and 5T, and the train detection signal TD1 is received by the train, if the signal intensity is suddenly reduced greatly immediately after the axle of the train passes the boundary between the track circuits 3T and 5T, it can be decided that the train passes the boundary between the track circuits 3T and 5T. Therefore, if absolute position information of the track circuit 5T is preserved beforehand in the train, the movement distance calculated from pulse output of a speed generator is corrected (replaced) in the absolute position information of the track circuit 5T, and hereafter is updated by the pulse output, thus the position of the own train can be easily detected as a movement distance.

Abstract: A train detection system includes transmitters receivers connected to a track circuit for transmitting and receiving a train detecting signal to and from the track circuit, and a control device on the ground, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detection signal from the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code data to the train detecting signal received from the control device and transmits the same to the track circuit, and the receiver adds a second unique code data to the train detecting signal being added of the first unique code data received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device. The control device on the ground includes a storage portion and a collating portion which collates whether the first and second unique code data received from the receiver coincide with data stored in advance in the storage portion.

Abstract: A train detection system includes transmitters receivers connected to a track circuit for transmitting and receiving a train detecting signal to and from the track circuit, and a control device on the ground, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detection signal from the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code data to the train detecting signal received from the control device and transmits the same to the track circuit, and the receiver adds a second unique code data to the train detecting signal being added of the first unique code data received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device. The control device on the ground includes a storage portion and a collating portion which collates whether the first and second unique code data received from the receiver coincide with data stored in advance in the storage portion.

Abstract: A transmitter and receiver device used together with a control device provided on ground, which performs detection of a train, performs transmission and reception of a train detecting signal, and collates data added to a received train detection signal with predetermined data. A transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, transmits a train detecting signal, to the track circuit, and a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, receives the train detecting signal from the track circuit. The transmitter adds a first unique code to the train detecting signal transmitted from the control device provided on the ground and transmits the same to the track circuit. The receiver adds a second unique code to the train detecting signal which was the first unique code added thereto and received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device provided on the ground.

Abstract: In the state that a train moves from a track circuit 3T toward a track circuit 5T, and a train detection signal TD1 is supplied from the boundary between the track circuits 3T and 5T to the track circuits 3T and 5T, and the train detection signal TD1 is received by the train, if the signal intensity is suddenly reduced greatly immediately after the axle of the train passes the boundary between the track circuits 3T and 5T, it can be decided that the train passes the boundary between the track circuits 3T and 5T. Therefore, if absolute position information of the track circuit 5T is preserved beforehand in the train, the movement distance calculated from pulse output of a speed generator is corrected (replaced) in the absolute position information of the track circuit 5T, and hereafter is updated by the pulse output, thus the position of the own train can be easily detected as a movement distance.

Abstract: A transmitter and receiver device used together with a control device provided on ground, which performs detection of a train, performs transmission and reception of a train detecting signal, and collates data added to a received train detection signal with predetermined data. A transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, transmits a train detecting signal, to the track circuit, and a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, receives the train detecting signal from the track circuit. The transmitter adds a first unique code to the train detecting signal transmitted from the control device provided on the ground and transmits the same to the track circuit. The receiver adds a second unique code to the train detecting signal which was the first unique code added thereto and received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device provided on the ground.

Abstract: A train detection system and method in which a transmitter transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver receives the train detecting signal, and a control device on the ground which is connectable to the transmitter and transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detecting signal from the receiver. The transmitter adds first unique code data to the train detecting signal transmitted from control device on the ground and the receiver adds second unique code data to the train detecting signal. The control device on the ground collates whether the first unique code data and the second unique code data received from said receiver coincide with predetermined data contents.

Abstract: A method for separating and purifying HA-positive progenitor toxin(s) (LL and/or L toxins) and HA-negative progenitor toxin (M toxin) from a Clostridium botulinum strain is provided. The method comprises applying a liquid containing both the HA-positive progenitor toxin(s) and the HA-negative progenitor toxin to a lactose column. Also provided is a method for separating and purifying neurotoxin (7S toxin) from HA-positive progenitor toxins, which comprises treating HA-positive progenitor toxins with an alkaline buffer and then applying the resulting liquid containing dissociated neurotoxin and non-toxic components to a lactose column. Activated pure HA-positive toxins (L and LL toxins) and neurotoxin are obtained by simple procedures.

Abstract: In a portable communication terminal 10 which is capable of communicating with an information terminal 20 between different kinds of networks, the portable communication terminal 10 includes a plurality of radio communication sections 11, 21 which carry out data communications, respectively in respective service areas of the different kinds of networks, data communication control sections 12, 22 which control the data communications of a plurality of radio communication sections 11, 21 by their own first control commands of respective radio communication sections 11, 21, and a command conversion section 13 which carries out conversion of the first control commands used by the data communication control sections 12, 22 and a second control command used for a communication with the information terminal 20.

Abstract: A train detection system includes a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver, and a wayside controller connectable to the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal, and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code and the second unique code agree with the contents of a predetermined code.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver, and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code and the second unique code agree with the contents of a predetermined code.

Abstract: A portable terminal, includes a host detector, a hub circuit and a bus manager circuit. The host detector detects whether a host operates as a bus manager. The hub circuit has a hub function and is connectable to an external device. The bus manager circuit has a bus manager function. The bus manager circuit stops the bus manager function such that the host can operate as the bus manager for the portable terminal and the external device connected to the portable terminal, when the host operates as the bus manager. Also, the bus manger circuit carries out the bus manager function such that the bus manager circuit can operate as the bus manager for the portable terminal and the external device connected to the portable terminal, when the host does not operate as the bus manager.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver, and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code and the second unique code agree with the contents of a predetermined code.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code data and the second unique code data agree with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: In a railway information transmission method and system wherein information is transmitted by a consecutive transmission mode between on-vehicle control equipment and ground control equipment, a redundant code which is updated in accordance with a predetermined procedure every transmission processing is affixed to information to-be-communicated, the information being then transmitted, and on a reception side, a logical operation is performed on the redundant code which is contained in the received information and a redundant code which is created on this side and which is updated in a predetermined procedure. Thus, the trouble of a transmission path can be simply found, and further, the safety. of train service based on an automatic train control or the like can be enhanced.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code data and the second unique code data agree with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: A train detection system, including a transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, which transmits to the track circuit a train detecting signal for confirming the existence of a train in the track circuit, a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, which receives the train detecting signal from the transmitter through the track circuit, and a wayside controller. The wayside controller is connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detecting signal from the receiver. The wayside controller includes a checker for checking whether or not the train detecting signal, which is received from the receiver, agrees with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: A train detection system, including a transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, which transmits to the track circuit a train detecting signal for confirming the existence of a train in the track circuit, a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, which receives the train detecting signal from the transmitter through the track circuit, and a wayside controller. The wayside controller is connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detecting signal from the receiver. The wayside controller includes a checker for checking whether or not the train detecting signal, which is received from the receiver, agrees with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: In a railway information transmission method and system wherein information is transmitted by a consecutive transmission mode between an on-vehicle control equipment and a ground control equipment; a redundant code which is updated in a predetermined procedure every transmission processing is affixed to information to-be-communicated, the information being then transmitted, and on a reception side, the redundant code which is contained in the received information is collated with a redundant code which is created on this side and which is updated in a predetermined procedure.