Abstract: A gas barrier film includes a base material containing a polyethylene as a main resin component and an inorganic oxide layer formed on a first surface side of the base material. The birefringence AN of the first surface calculated based on measurement by a parallel Nicol rotation method is 0 or more and 0.007 or less, and the proportion of the polyethylene in the entire gas barrier film is 90 mass % or more.

Abstract: A fixing device includes: a first rotatable member; a second rotatable member disposed in contact with the first rotatable member; a pressing member that is disposed on an inner circumferential surface of the second rotatable member and presses the inner circumferential surface of the second rotatable member such that the second rotatable member is pressed against the first rotatable member; a sliding member interposed between the inner circumferential surface of the second rotatable member and the pressing member; and a lubricant interposed between the inner circumferential surface of the second rotatable member and the sliding member. The inner circumferential surface of the second rotatable member contains a resin having at least one group selected from the group consisting of an amido group, an imido group, a ketone group, and a sulfide group.

Abstract: A sliding member for a fixing device includes a resin layer that includes plural recessed portions on a surface of the resin layer, in which, in a top view, the recessed portion has a shape having a tip angle less than 90° in a sliding direction and an area ratio of an area of the recessed portions to a surface area of the resin layer is 30% or more and 70% or less.

Abstract: A polymer material molded product includes a polymer material and a porous carbon material having an X-ray diffraction spectral characteristic shown in the following (1) or (2), (1): a peak derived from a (002) plane of carbon is observed, a half width of the peak derived from the (002) plane of carbon is 5° or more, and a half width of a peak derived from a (10) plane of carbon is 3.2° or less, and (2): the peak derived from the (002) plane of carbon is not observed, and the half width of the peak derived from the (10) plane of carbon is 3.2° or less.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a resin and an acicular filler of which a thermal conductivity is 220 W/mK or more and 320 W/mK or less, a volume resistivity is 1011 ?cm or more and 1016 ?cm or less, and a content with respect to the endless belt is 1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a resin and an acicular filler of which a thermal conductivity is 220 W/mK or more and 320 W/mK or less, a volume resistivity is 1011 ?cm or more and 1016 ?cm or less, and a content with respect to the endless belt is 1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.

Abstract: A polymer material molded product includes a polymer material and a porous carbon material having an X-ray diffraction spectral characteristic shown in the following (1) or (2), (1): a peak derived from a (002) plane of carbon is observed, a half width of the peak derived from the (002) plane of carbon is 5° or more, and a half width of a peak derived from a (10) plane of carbon is 3.2° or less, and (2): the peak derived from the (002) plane of carbon is not observed, and the half width of the peak derived from the (10) plane of carbon is 3.2° or less.

Abstract: A unit includes: a developing device configured to develop an electrostatic charge image that is formed on a surface of an image carrier, as a toner image with a developer including a brilliant toner containing a flat brilliant pigment, the developer being accommodated in the developing device; and a fixing device configured to fix the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium at a fixing temperature of 130° C. or higher and 230° C. or lower that includes a fixing belt, a first roller and a second roller that are disposed inside the fixing belt and support the fixing belt while applying tension to the fixing belt, and a pressure roller, the first roller and the pressure roller sandwiching the fixing belt to form a nip portion.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a metal substrate, and a heat-resistant resin layer that is disposed as an innermost layer on an inner peripheral surface of the metal substrate and that contains a resin and a thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of 20 or more. In the heat-resistant resin layer, an orientation ratio of the thermally conductive filler with respect to a circumferential direction of the endless belt is 20% or more.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a metal substrate, and a heat-resistant resin layer that is disposed as an innermost layer on an inner peripheral surface of the metal substrate and that contains a resin and a thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of 20 or more. In the heat-resistant resin layer, an orientation ratio of the thermally conductive filler with respect to a circumferential direction of the endless belt is 20% or more.

Abstract: A unit includes: a developing device configured to develop an electrostatic charge image that is formed on a surface of an image carrier, as a toner image with a developer including a brilliant toner containing a flat brilliant pigment, the developer being accommodated in the developing device; and a fixing device configured to fix the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium at a fixing temperature of 130° C. or higher and 230° C. or lower that includes a fixing belt, a first roller and a second roller that are disposed inside the fixing belt and support the fixing belt while applying tension to the fixing belt, and a pressure roller, the first roller and the pressure roller sandwiching the fixing belt to form a nip portion.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a substrate layer, and a first surface layer that is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the substrate layer and that includes a cross-linked fluororesin layer. A layer containing a cross-linked fluororesin forms the inner circumferential surface of the belt. Martens hardness of the inner circumferential surface of the belt at 130° C. is higher than Martens hardness of the outer circumferential surface of the belt at 130° C.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a substrate layer, and a first surface layer that is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the substrate layer and that includes a cross-linked fluororesin layer. A layer containing a cross-linked fluororesin forms the inner circumferential surface of the belt. Martens hardness of the inner circumferential surface of the belt at 130° C. is higher than Martens hardness of the outer circumferential surface of the belt at 130° C.

Abstract: An image-forming-apparatus sliding member includes a woven base and a cover layer disposed on at least one surface of the woven base. The average height of projections and depressions on a sliding surface is greater than or equal to 40 ?m and smaller than or equal to 90 ?m, and an average distance between the projections and the depressions is greater than or equal to 700 ?m and smaller than or equal to 1600 ?m.

Abstract: A fixing member includes a substrate, an elastic layer on the substrate, and a surface layer on the elastic layer. The surface layer has transverse microhardness values within the range of 85 to 89, inclusive, and a transverse filtered maximum waviness (Wcm) of 0.1 ?m or more and 4 ?m or less.

Abstract: A fixing member includes a substrate, an elastic layer on the substrate, and a surface layer on the elastic layer. The surface layer has transverse microhardness values within the range of 85 to 89, inclusive, and a transverse filtered maximum waviness (Wcm) of 0.1 ?m or more and 4 ?m or less.

Abstract: A roller member includes a core member; a substantially round-cylindrical elastic member through which the core member extends and having chamfered portions, the chamfered portions each provided at two respective ends of the elastic member and having a surface roughness of about 50 ?m or less; and a coating film provided over an outer peripheral surface of the elastic member and at least a part of each of the chamfered portions.

Abstract: An endless belt for an image forming apparatus is provided with a resin layer having a sea-island structure including an island part containing a silicone-modified polyetherimide and a sea part containing a polyetherimide other than the silicone-modified polyetherimide and containing carbon black.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention, a tubular member includes a siloxane-modified polyetherimide, a polyetherimide except the siloxane-modified polyetherimide, a polyether ether ketone, and a conductive material.

Abstract: A tubular member includes a siloxane-modified polyetherimide, a polyetherimide except the siloxane-modified polyetherimide, and a conductive material, wherein a content of the siloxane-modified polyetherimide with respect to a total content of the siloxane-modified polyetherimide and the polyetherimide except the siloxane-modified polyetherimide at a surface layer portion is 40% by weight or more.