Abstract: An electronic commerce system and an electronic commerce method for conducting electronic commerce making good use of characteristics of a mobile terminal. A mobile terminal provides authorization for a mobile commerce agent (MCA) to conduct electronic commerce for the terminal and notifies the MCA of information on the authorization. A commerce server notifies the MCA of information as to procedures for the electronic commerce. The MCA, at which the line of the mobile terminal may terminate, stores the electronic commerce procedure information received from the commerce server and the authorization information received from the mobile terminal. In response to a request from the mobile terminal, the MCA carries out the procedures for the electronic commerce which the MCA has the authorization to conduct according to the authorization information received from the mobile terminal based on the electronic commerce procedure information.

Abstract: A device for designing a standby path that can prevent retrieval of a standby path in a network including any standby path from being failed. A current path search unit searches for a shortest route from a start point to an end point in the network. A standby path searching network creation unit creates a standby path searching network. For a standby path, a standby path search unit searches for a shortest route from the start point to each of all other nodes including the end point. A current path searching network creation unit creates a network from the current path retrieved by the current path search unit and the path retrieved by the standby path search unit. The process performed by these units is repeated until the standby path search unit retrieves a route that reaches from the start point to the end point in the shortest route search.

Abstract: A method for designing tree-structured communication routes includes adding a predetermined point to a score of a route successively selected from the plural routes, selecting the routes in reverse order of the scores of the routes, generating trees from the route with the lowest score and the other routes, and generating other trees from the routes which are unable to generate the trees, the predetermined point being added when any node in a selected route does not appear on the other route except the egress node, and when there is a node which appears in both the selected and other routes and the selected route agrees with the other route from the node to the egress node.

Abstract: An electronic commerce system and an electronic commerce method for conducting electronic commerce making good use of characteristics of a mobile terminal. A mobile terminal provides authorization for a mobile commerce agent (MCA) to conduct electronic commerce for the terminal and notifies the MCA of information on the authorization. A commerce server notifies the MCA of information as to procedures for the electronic commerce. The MCA, at which the line of the mobile terminal may terminate, stores the electronic commerce procedure information received from the commerce server and the authorization information received from the mobile terminal. In response to a request from the mobile terminal, the MCA carries out the procedures for the electronic commerce which the MCA has the authorization to conduct according to the authorization information received from the mobile terminal based on the electronic commerce procedure information.

Abstract: An image displaying apparatus and method thereof, being an image displaying technology of vector data, in which enlarging or reducing the vector data is performed after separating label information, being character information including in the vector data, and label display positions are determined. The image displaying apparatus consists of an image information storing means, an image display deciding means, an image display forming means, a bitmap data display selecting means, a display, a label extracting means, a label information storing means, and a label display selecting means. The image information storing means provides a vector data storing means which stores vector data of an original drawing, and a vector data projecting means which projects the vector data to four kinds of coordinate systems.

Abstract: To the design data input means 11 are inputted data of equipment candidates capable of being disposed, predictive demands and design parameters. The path candidate design means 12 designs a plurality of candidates of paths accommodating predictive demands by disposable equipment candidate based on the input data. The path candidate combination design means 13 selects a combination of adequate paths among path candidates designed in the path candidate design means 12 by using a genetic algorithm in such a way as to permit an inexpensive WDM network to be built up. The equipment disposition output means 14 outputs a disposition of equipment accommodating the path combination selected in the path candidate combination design means 13.

Abstract: To provide a device for designing a standby path that can prevent retrieval of a standby path in a network including any standby path from being failed. A current path search unit searches for a shortest route from a start point to an end point in the network. A standby path searching network creation unit creates a standby path searching network. For a standby path, a standby path search unit searches for a shortest route from the start point to each of all other nodes including the end point. A current path searching network creation unit creates a network from the current path retrieved by the current path search unit and the path retrieved by the standby path search unit. The process performed by these units is repeated until the standby path search unit retrieves a route that reaches from the start point to the end point in the shortest route search.

Abstract: In a cost estimation step in step S1, costs from intermediate nodes to all exit nodes are estimated and, in a path generation step in step S2, paths are generated each by extending a current search path to an adjacent path. In a path storage step in step S3, a check is made for the generated paths and, if there are free entries in a storage unit, the paths are stored. In a path selection step in step S4, a path which is stored in the entries of all intermediate nodes and an entrance node in the storage unit, which is not yet selected, and whose total of a path costs and a minimum estimated cost is the minimum is selected as a current search path. In a path output step in step S6, paths stored in the exit nodes are output as a search result.

Abstract: A route candidate design unit 31 designs route candidates among nodes, and assigns available bands for the individual route candidates. The route candidate design unit 31 also arrays the individual route candidates in the order of priorities. A primary accommodation design unit 33 tries accommodation of a demand in a route candidate of a first priority. Where the route candidate of the first priority has a sufficient space band, the primary accommodation design unit 33 ends the design by accommodating the demand in the first priority route candidate. Where the space band is not sufficient, a secondary accommodation design unit 34 tries to accommodate the demand in a route of a second priority.

Abstract: In a hierarchical network managing system, an upper layer manager manages at least one upper layer agent. An upper layer user interface is provided for the upper layer manager and can communicate with the upper layer manager. A lower layer manager manages at least one lower layer agent. A lower layer user interface is provided for the lower layer manager and can communicate with the lower layer manager and the upper layer user interface.

Abstract: A unit switching apparatus includes first and second current units, a spare unit, and a switching unit. Each of the current units includes a communication circuit for performing communication in accordance with set operation mode data and a failure detection circuit for detecting and notifying occurrence of a failure in the communication circuit. The spare unit includes a communication circuit for performing communication in accordance with set operation mode data, a memory for separately storing the operation mode data set in the communication circuits of the current units, and a CPU for, when the occurrence of the failure is notified by the failure detection circuit, reading out the operation mode data corresponding to the faulty current unit from the memory, and setting the data in the communication circuit. The switching unit switches the faulty current unit to the spare unit when the occurrence of the failure is notified by the failure detection circuit.