Abstract: A cleaning method of cleaning a solution treatment apparatus for applying a coating solution onto a substrate, the solution treatment apparatus including a holder holding and rotating the substrate; a coating solution supplier; and an inner cup surrounding the holder from a lateral side and having a peripheral edge side upper surface inclining down outward in a radial direction. The cleaning method includes introducing the cleaning solution to the storage chamber via the introduction hole, discharging the cleaning solution from the discharge port and making the cleaning solution flow down along the peripheral edge side upper surface of the inner cup, thereby cleaning away the coating solution adhering to the peripheral edge side upper surface. The discharging in the cleaning discharges the cleaning solution from discharge ports of the inner cup outward in the radial direction and obliquely upward.

Abstract: There is provided an optical information recording medium including a plurality of laminated resin layers, and an inorganic layer that is formed in an interface between the resin layers. Storage elastic moduli are different when the interface is assumed to be a boundary. An information signal is recorded in the interface.

Abstract: A magnetic disk drive drives a switch and supplies induced power of a motor to an actuator to retract a magnetic head, if a power supply voltage is judged as being below a predetermined level. The switch is driven using an output voltage of a step-up circuit. The step-up circuit operates from before the power supply voltage drops below the predetermined level, so that the switch can be driven immediately. This makes it possible to efficiently supply the induced power to the actuator.

Abstract: A magnetic disk drive drives a switch and supplies induced power of a motor to an actuator to retract a magnetic head, if a power supply voltage is judged as being below a predetermined level. The switch is driven using an output voltage of a step-up circuit. The step-up circuit operates from before the power supply voltage drops below the predetermined level, so that the switch can be driven immediately. This makes it possible to efficiently supply the induced power to the actuator.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube includes a phosphor screen having a tricolor phosphor layer composed of a red phosphor, a green phosphor of ZnS:Cu, Al activated with Ni, Fe, or Co, and a blue phosphor of ZnS:Ag activated with Ni, Fe, or Co. The green phosphor and the blue phosphor have a decay intensity of at most 0.5% upon elapse of 8 milliseconds after excitation is removed therefrom. The green phosphor of ZnS:Cu, Al activated with Ni and the blue phosphor of ZnS:Ag activated with Ni have their afterglow characteristics substantially equalized to the afterglow characteristics of the red phosphor of Y.sub.2 O.sub.2 S:Eu.

Abstract: A minute-particle iron oxide red pigment slurry is formed by adding sodium silicate to a minute-particle iron oxide red pigment slurry, and used to form a red filter formed between a phosphor layer of a color cathode ray tube and a panel thereof. Therefore, even if the red filter is brought in contact with a black matrix under the condition of a process of manufacturing the color cathode ray tube at high temperature, the red filter does not discolor the black matrix.