Abstract: 1. An aromatic amino acid derivative represented by the formula (I) or its pharmacologically acceptable salt: wherein, R1 is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group, R2 is a halogen atom or an alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group, R3 is {circle around (1)} a hydrogen atom, {circle around (2)} an aroylamino group, {circle around (3)} a phenyl group substituted with lower alkyl, phenyl, phenoxy, etc. {circle around (4)} a naphthyl or tetrahydronaphthyl group optionally substituted with hydroxy, lower alkoxy or di(lower)alkylamino, {circle around (5)} an unsaturated mono-cyclic heterocyclic group containing N, O and/or S substituted with lower alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl or tetrahydroquinolyl, {circle around (6)} an unsaturated or partially saturated condensed heterocyclic group containing N, O and/or S, optionally substituted with oxo, carboxy, amino, lower alkyl, etc.; X is a halogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group; Y is oxygen atom or nitrogen atom; l is 0 or 1; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is an integer of 0-5.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic carboxylic acid having an absolute configuration of “R” of the formula [XIX]: wherein Y is substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group or an alkylsulfonyl group, and n is 0 or 1, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: 1. An aromatic amino acid derivative represented by the formula (I) or its pharmacologically acceptable salt: wherein, R1 is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group, R2 is a halogen atom or an alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group, R3 is {circle over (1)} a hydrogen atom, {circle over (2)} an aroylamino group, {circle over (3)} a phenyl group substituted with lower alkyl, phenyl, phenoxy, etc. {circle over (4)} a naphthyl or tetrahydronaphthyl group optionally substituted with hydroxy, lower alkoxy or di(lower)alkylamino, {circle over (5)} an unsaturated mono-cyclic heterocyclic group containing N, O and/or S substituted with lower alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl or tetrahydroquinolyl, {circle over (6)} an unsaturated or partially saturated condensed heterocyclic group containing N, O and/or S, optionally substituted with oxo, carboxy, amino, lower alkyl, etc.; X is a halogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group; Y is oxygen atom or nitrogen atom; I is 0 or 1; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is an integer of 0-5.

Abstract: A process for preparing S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylbutyric ester compound [II]: wherein Ro is residue of nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic carboxylic acid having absolute configuration of “R” (in which the nitrogen atom is protected), R1 and R2 are lower alkyl groups, and E is ester residue, which is useful as an intermediate for preparing camptothecin derivatives having antitumor activities, which comprises 2-ethylating 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylacetic ester compound [I]: wherein the symbols are as defined above.

Abstract: A camptothecin derivative comprising a compound of the formula [I]: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are (A) adjacent two groups combine to form alkylene, or both are H, and one of the remaining three groups is —Xn-Alkm-R6, and the other two are H, alkyl or halogen, or (B) adjacent two groups combine to form alkylene, and one of the carbon atoms of said alkylene group is substituted by —Xn-Alkm-R6, and the remaining three groups are H, alkyl or a halogen, and one or two —CH2— of the alkylene in (A) or (B) may optionally be replaced by —O—, —S— or —NH—, X is —O— or —NH—, Alk is alkylene, or —OH, m and n are both 0 or 1, or m is 1 and n is 0, which camptothecin compound is bound to a polysaccharide having carboxyl groups via an amino acid or a peptide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylbutyric ester compound [II]: 1

Abstract: A camptothecin derivative comprising a compound of the formula [I] is disclosed: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are (A) adjacent two groups combine to form alkylene, or both are H, and one of the remaining three groups is —Xn-Alkm-R6, and the other two are H, alkyl or halogen, or (B) adjacent two groups combine to form alkylene, and one of the carbon atoms of said alkylene group is substituted by —Xn-Alkm-R6, and the remaining three groups are H, alkyl or a halogen, and one or two —CH2— of the alkylene in (A) or (B) may optionally be replaced by —O—, —S— or —NH—, X is —O— or —NH—, Alk is alkylene, R6 is —NH2, or —OH, m and n are both 0 or 1, or m is 1 and n is 0, which camptothecin compound is bound to a polysaccharide having carboxyl groups via an amino acid or a peptide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylbutyric ester compound [II]: 1

Abstract: A camptothecin compound of the formula [XVIII]: wherein R4 is a lower alkanoyl group, R5 is an ethyl group, R7 is a —O(CH2)3NH2 group that may be protected by a —COOC(CH3)3 group, and R6, R8 and R9 are a hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for preparing S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinyl-butyric ester compound [II]: wherein R0 is residue of nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic carboxylic acid having absolute configuration of “R”(in which the nitrogen atom is protected), R1 and R2 are lower alkyl group, and E is ester residue, which is useful as an intermediate for preparing camptothecin derivatives having antitumor activities, which comprises 2-ethylating 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylacetic ester compound [I]: wherein the symbols are as defined above.

Abstract: A process for preparing S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinyl-butyric ester compound [II]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.0 is residue of nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic carboxylic acid having absolute configuration of "R"(in which the nitrogen atom is protected), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are lower alkyl group, and E is ester residue, which is useful as an intermediate for preparing camptothecin derivatives having antitumor activities, which comprises 2-ethylating 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylacetic ester compound [I]: ##STR2## wherein the symbols are as defined above.

Abstract: A propiophenone derivative of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein OX is a hydroxy group which may optionally be protected, Y is a lower alkyl group, and Z is a .beta.-D-glucopyranosyl group wherein one or more hydroxy groups may optionally be protected, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Said compounds have excellent hypoglycemic activity so that they are useful in the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: A process for preparing S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinyl-butyric ester compound [II]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.0 is residue of nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic carboxylic acid having absolute configuration of "R"(in which the nitrogen atom is protected), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are lower alkyl group, and E is ester residue, which is useful as an intermediate for preparing camptothecin derivatives having antitumor activities, which comprises 2-ethylating 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylacetic ester compound [I]: ##STR2## wherein the symbols are as defined above.

Abstract: A process for preparing S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinyl-butyric ester compound ?II!: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.o is residue of nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic carboxylic acid having absolute configuration of "R"(in which the nitrogen atom is protected), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are lower alkyl group, and E is ester residue, which is useful as an intermediate for preparing camptothecin derivatives having antitumor activities, which comprises 2-ethylating 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylacetic ester compound ?I!: ##STR2## wherein the symbols are as defined above.

Abstract: A camptothecin derivative comprising a compound of the formula ?I!: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are (A) adjacent two groups combine to form alkylene, or both are H, and one of the remaining three groups is --X.sub.n --Alk.sub.m --R.sup.6, and the other two are H, alkyl or halogen, or (B) adjacent two groups combine to form alkylene, and one of the carbon atoms of said alkylene group is substituted by --X.sub.n --Alk.sub.m --R.sup.6, and the remaining three groups are H, alkyl or a halogen, and one or two --CH.sub.2 -- of the alkylene in (A) or (B) may optionally be replaced by --O--, --S-- or --NH--, X is --O-- or --NH--, Alk is alkylene, R.sup.6 is --NH.sub.2, ##STR2## or --OH, m and n are both 0 or 1, or m is 1 and n is 0, which camptothecin compound is bound to a polysaccharide having carboxyl groups via an amino acid or a peptide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A camptothecin derivative comprising a compound of the formula ?I!: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, X.sup.1 is a group of the formula: --NHR.sup.2 (R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group) or a group of --OH, and Alk is a straight chain or branched chain alkylene group having optionally an oxygen atom in the chain thereof, bound to a polysaccharide having carboxyl groups via an amino acid or a peptide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Said camptothecin derivatives show enhanced antitumor activities but few side effects unlike conventional anticancer agents, and hence, these compounds are extremely useful as a medicament.

Abstract: A propiophenone derivative of the formula ?I!: ##STR1## wherein X is O, S or methylene, OY is a protected or unprotected OH, Z is .beta.-D-glucopyranosyl or 4-O-(.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl)-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl or wherein one or more hydroxy groups of these groups may optionally be acylated, and the dotted line means the presence or absence of a double bond, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Said compounds have excellent hypoglycemic activity so that they are useful in the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: A propiophenone derivative the formula ?I!: ##STR1## wherein R' is a lower alkanoyl group and R" is a hydrogen atom, or R' is a hydrogen atom and R" is a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Said compounds have excellent hypoglycemic activity so that they are useful in the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hair-growing (restoration) agent which comprises a carnitine compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sup.4 represents an aliphatic acyl group having 3 to 31 carbon atoms which may be substituted; R.sup.5 represents an alkyl group having 3 to 31 carbon atoms which may be substituted, or an alkenyl group having 3 to 31 carbon atoms which may be substituted; and X.sup.- represents an anion of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid,as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A method for prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, which comprises administering to a patient with diabetes an effective amount of a dihydrochalcone derivative of the formula ?I!: ##STR1## wherein Ar is an aryl group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom or an acyl group, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, an acyl group or .alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may combine together to form a substituted methylene group, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each a hydrogen atom or an acyl group, OR.sup.5 is a protected or unprotected hydroxy group or a lower alkoxy group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.