Abstract: An electric motor system includes a battery, an inverter, an electric motor, a zero-phase switching arm and a control unit. The inverter converts DC power output from the battery into three-phase AC power and outputs the three-phase AC power to the electric motor. A rotor of the electric motor rotates by the three-phase AC power output from the inverter. A neural point of the electric motor is connected to the zero-phase switching arm. A zero-phase current flowing through respective windings of the electric motor is adjusted by switching of the zero-phase switching arm. By this means, in the electric motor system, torque is generated at the rotor also using the zero-phase current as well as a three-phase AC current flowing through the respective windings.

Abstract: In a nozzle unit 4 equipped with processing-liquid nozzles 4A to 4J, an air layer 73 and a solvent layer 74 for processing liquid are successively formed outside a processing-liquid layer 71 included in the tip of each nozzle 4A (4B to 4J). Next, the solvent layer 74 in the nozzle 4A is thrown out into a drain part 62 of a standby unit 6 and subsequently, the processing liquid is supplied from the nozzle 4A to the surface of a wafer W, performing a coating process. After completing the coating process, the processing liquid remaining in the nozzle 4A is sucked and continuously, respective tips of the nozzles 4A to 4J are dipped into respective solvents in solvent reservoir 62A to 62J, respectively. From this state, by sucking in the nozzle 4A, there are newly formed, outside the processing layer 71 in the tip of the nozzle 4A, an air layer 73 and a solvent layer 74.

Abstract: In a nozzle unit 4 equipped with processing-liquid nozzles 4A to 4J, an air layer 73 and a solvent layer 74 for processing liquid are successively formed outside a processing-liquid layer 71 included in the tip of each nozzle 4A (4B to 4J). Next, the solvent layer 74 in the nozzle 4A is thrown out into a drain part 62 of a standby unit 6 and subsequently, the processing liquid is supplied from the nozzle 4A to the surface of a wafer W, performing a coating process. After completing the coating process, the processing liquid remaining in the nozzle 4A is sucked and continuously, respective tips of the nozzles 4A to 4J are dipped into respective solvents in solvent reservoir 62A to 62J, respectively. From this state, by sucking in the nozzle 4A, there are newly formed, outside the processing layer 71 in the tip of the nozzle 4A, an air layer 73 and a solvent layer 74.

Abstract: In a nozzle unit 4 equipped with processing-liquid nozzles 4A to 4J, an air layer 73 and a solvent layer 74 for processing liquid are successively formed outside a processing-liquid layer 71 included in the tip of each nozzle 4A (4B to 4J). Next, the solvent layer 74 in the nozzle 4A is thrown out into a drain part 62 of a standby unit 6 and subsequently, the processing liquid is supplied from the nozzle 4A to the surface of a wafer W, performing a coating process. After completing the coating process, the processing liquid remaining in the nozzle 4A is sucked and continuously, respective tips of the nozzles 4A to 4J are dipped into respective solvents in solvent reservoir 62A to 62J, respectively. From this state, by sucking in the nozzle 4A, there are newly formed, outside the processing layer 71 in the tip of the nozzle 4A, an air layer 73 and a solvent layer 74.

Abstract: A pad clip for a disc brake includes a base portion for engaging with a concave portion of a mounting member of the disc brake, a spring portion which extends from the base portion for forcing a projection portion of a disc pad of the disc brake which is fit into the concave portion in the radial direction of the wheel and a curved extension portion which connects the spring portion to the base portion.

Abstract: A disc brake assembly includes a mounting member and two brake pads mounted on the mounting member on opposite sides of a disc to be acted upon the brake pads. The brake pads are mounted on backing plates which have circumferential ends disposed in facing relationship to torsion-resisting surfaces of the mounting member. The torsion-resisting surfaces have circumferentially extending projections which engage the backing plates in a manner resisting radial outward movement of the brake pads in response to frictional braking forces.

Abstract: A disc brake assembly includes a mounting member and two brake pads mounted on the mounting member on opposite sides of a disc to be acted upon the brake pads. The brake pads are mounted on backing plates which have circumferential ends disposed in facing relationship to torsion-resisting surfaces of the mounting member. The torsion-resisting surfaces have circumferentially extending projections which engage the backing plates in a manner resisting radial outward movement of the brake pads in response to frictional braking forces.

Abstract: An electrospark machining system which includes an electrode forming machine which machines an electrode blank into a shaped electrode having a desired profile, an electrospark machine to which the shaped electrode is attached in order to machine a workpiece, and a reference block which is adapted to be attached to the electrode blank and which has a reference surface which can be commonly attached to the electrode forming machine and to the electrospark machine. A method of shaping a workpiece using this system is also provided.

Abstract: In the CCD-type solid state image pickup device described in the specification, a photodetection unit has an overflow drain structure and a vertical CCD register receives electric charges from the photodetection unit and a horizontal CCD register receives charges from the vertical CCD register. Charges are transferred from the vertical CCD register at a higher rate than normal and, to prevent accumulation of charges in the horizontal CCD register, an interval is provided in which unused charges are drained through the vertical CCD register.