Abstract: Lanthionine ketimine derivatives, and methods of making and using the same, are described. Included are lanthionine ketimine phosphonate (LK-P), lanthionine ketimine ester phosphonate (LKE-P) derivatives, as well as lanthionine ketimine derivatives having a tert-enamide moiety at the 2-position (NVP-LKE).

Abstract: Lanthionine ketimine phosphonate (LK-P), lanthionine ketimine ester phosphonate (LKE-P), other lanthionine ketimine, lanthionine ketimine phosphonate, and lanthionine ketimine ester derivatives, methods of making and using the same, and methods of treatments are described.

Abstract: Lanthionine ketimine phosphonate (LK-P), lanthionine ketimine ester phosphonate (LKE-P), other lanthionine ketimine, lanthionine ketimine phosphonate, and lanthionine ketimine ester derivatives, and methods of making and using the same, are described.

Abstract: Methods for detecting and quantifying one or more microcystin compounds in a sample are described. The methods may include a preconcentration step, and generally utilize an LC-MS or LC-MS/MS analysis with an Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer or a QqQ mass spectrometer. The methods provide excellent recoveries and limits of quantification of microcystins.

Abstract: Described herein are materials and methods useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as well as bone disorders in a subject. Materials described herein include polysaccharide digestive products resulting from the enzymatic hydrolysis of low acyl gellan gum. Also describe herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of such materials, and methods for their preparation and use.

Abstract: Lanthionine ketimine phosphonate (LK-P), lanthionine ketimine ester phosphonate (LKE-P), other lanthionine ketimine, lanthionine ketimine phosphonate, and lanthionine ketimine ester derivatives, and methods of making and using the same, are described.

Abstract: Lanthionine ketimine derivatives, and methods of making and using the same, are described. Included are lanthionine ketimine phosphonate (LK-P), lanthionine ketimine ester phosphonate (LKE-P) derivatives, as well as lanthionine ketimine derivatives having a tert-enamide moiety at the 2-position (NVP-LKE).

Abstract: Methods for detecting and quantifying one or more microcystin compounds in a sample are described. The methods may include a preconcentration step, and generally utilize an LC-MS or LC-MS/MS analysis with an Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer or a QqQ mass spectrometer. The methods provide excellent recoveries and limits of quantification of microcystins.

Abstract: Described herein are materials and methods useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as well as bone disorders in a subject. Materials described herein include polysaccharide digestive products resulting from the enzymatic hydrolysis of low acyl gellan gum. Also describe herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of such materials, and methods for their preparation and use.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or evaluating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by sampling peripheral blood, serum, plasma, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, or other bodily fluids from a human subject having a suspected diagnosis. The sample is analyzed for the presence and amount of certain cytokines, which provides the diagnosis, prognosis or evaluation of therapeutic response.

Abstract: The present invention concerns glutathione-lanthionine compounds, the process of preparing such compounds, and their use. The invention also concerns methods of using the compounds and derivatives and combinations of these compounds in the treatment and/or prevention diseases, including diseases affecting the central nervous system.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or evaluating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by sampling peripheral blood, serum, plasma, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, or other bodily fluids from a human subject having a suspected diagnosis. The sample is analyzed for the presence and amount of certain cytokines, which provides the diagnosis, prognosis or evaluation of therapeutic response.

Abstract: A wiskar for sharpening cutting teeth of a chain provided on a chain bar of a chain saw. A housing is removably attached to the chain bar and includes a recess to receive the wiskar therein. The wiskar includes a first member configured to be operationally engaged by the recess of the housing; and a second member configured to frictionally engage a bottom surface of the cutting teeth. The second member includes a body portion intermediate the opposing ends, wherein opposing ends of the second member each have at least one lobe defined therein. Abrasives are uniformly impregnated throughout the first and second member to sharpen the bottom surface of the cutting teeth. At least the second member is manufactured from a pliable material that erodes due to friction caused by the cutting teeth engaging the lobes of the second member.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising lanthionine ketimine derivatives and thiomorpholine dicarboxylic acid derivatives, as well as processes for the preparation of such compounds. The invention also concerns the use of lanthionine, lanthionine ketimine (LK), LK derivatives, thiomorpholine dicarboxylic acid (TMDCA), and TMDCA derivatives. It concerns the use of these compounds for the treatment and/or prevention diseases, including diseases affecting the central nervous system. The invention provides for compounds and methods having anti-oxidant, anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities. It also provides for compounds having the ability to pass through and/or be transported through cellular membranes, such the blood-brain barrier.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or evaluating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by sampling peripheral blood, serum, plasma, tissue, cerebrospinal fluit, or other bodily fluids from a human subject having a suspected diagnosis. The sample is analyzed for the presence and amount of certain cytokines, which provides the diagnosis, prognosis or evaluation of therapeutic response.

Abstract: A wiskar for sharpening cutting teeth of a chain provided on a chain bar of a chain saw. A housing is removably attached to the chain bar and includes a recess to receive the wiskar therein. The wiskar includes a first member configured to be operationally engaged by the recess of the housing; and a second member configured to frictionally engage a bottom surface of the cutting teeth. The second member includes a body portion intermediate the opposing ends, wherein opposing ends of the second member each have at least one lobe defined therein. Abrasives are uniformly impregnated throughout the first and second member to sharpen the bottom surface of the cutting teeth. At least the second member is manufactured from a pliable material that erodes due to friction caused by the cutting teeth engaging the lobes of the second member.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising lanthionine ketimine derivatives and thiomorpholine dicarboxylic acid derivatives, as well as processes for the preparation of such compounds. The invention also concerns the use of lanthionine, lanthionine ketimine (LK), LK derivatives, thiomorpholine dicarboxylic acid (TMDCA), and TMDCA derivatives. It concerns the use of these compounds for the treatment and/or prevention diseases, including diseases affecting the central nervous system. The invention provides for compounds and methods having anti-oxidant, anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities. It also provides for compounds having the ability to pass through and/or be transported through cellular membranes, such the blood-brain barrier.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or evaluating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by sampling peripheral blood, serum, plasma, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, or other bodily fluids from a human subject having a suspected diagnosis. The sample is analyzed for the presence and amount of certain cytokines, which provides the diagnosis, prognosis or evaluation of therapeutic response.

Abstract: The present invention involves the use of tethered bis(polyhydroxyphenyl) compounds to slow the progression of neurological diseases in which pro-inflammatory cytokine stimulation of microglial cells is reasonably anticipated to make a significant contribution to disease pathology. Diseases for which this is the case include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other motor neuron diseases (MNDs) of similar clinical presentation; Parkinson's disease (PD); Alzheimer's disease (AD); spino-bulbar atrophy; (SBA); Huntington's disease (HD); myasthenia gravis (MG); multiple sclerosis (MS); HIV-associated dementia; fronto-temporal dementia (FTD); stroke; encephalomyelitis; traumatic brain injury; age-related retinal degeneration; and other neurological diseases possessing microglial activation as a contributing pathological feature. Specific examples are presented where the tethered bis(polyhydroxyphenyl) compound is resveratrol; piceatannol; nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA); curcumin, or sesamin.

Abstract: A novel process for enhancing activity of an oligopeptide or polypeptide comprising the steps of: providing an oligopeptide or polypeptide, dissolving the oligopeptide or polypeptide in an organic solvent, heating, removing the solvent, and recovering an oligopeptide or polypeptide with enhanced activity is disclosed. Also disclosed are novel oligopeptides and polypeptides enhanced by the process according the invention.