Abstract: A counterflow scrubbing system for deodorizing air having sulfur components such as H2S typically associated with wastewater treatment includes a tower vessel having sulfer-oxidizing microorganisms in porous rock media, and operates at a pH preferably between 1.5 and 4.0 The media has a high ratio of surface area to volume, being at least 1000 and preferably approximately 10,000. The system can operate continuously without requiring objectionable chemicals, relaying of filter beds, or back-flushing. Optionally, concentrations of nutrients and/or bacteria are added to make-up water from an included reservoir.

Abstract: A method for providing a flange for an inner lining of a lined pipe including the steps of cutting the lined pipe such that the inner lining projects a predetermined distance out of an outer pipe of the lined pipe, heating the inner lining which projects out of the lined pipe until an outer surface of the inner lining melts and simultaneously heating the inside of a flange ring until it melts and placing the heated flange ring on the heated inner lining whereby a permanent bond is formed between the inner lining and the flange ring.

Abstract: A lined pipe including an outer pipe, an inner pipe provided within the outer pipe and extending substantially in the entire length of the outer pipe and the plurality of locking shims provided between the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner lining pipe formed by injecting a resin into any voids between the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner lining pipe, letting the resin cure and jarring the lined pipe to break the cured resin into small pieces which wedge between the outer surface of the inner lined pipe and the inner surface of the outer lined pipe whereby the inner lining is locked to the outer pipe.