Abstract: A polarization insensitive lens is disclosed for receiving and reradiating electromagnetic energy, which may be either left-hand circular polarized or right-hand circular polarized or of any linear polarization or, in fact, of any polarization state. Each lens is comprised of a pair of spaced apart multiarm/antenna elements of opposite geometric polarization. The elements are located on opposite sides of a ground plane and spaced therefrom by 1/4 wave length. The arms of each antenna element are constructed such that both right-hand circular polarized and left circular polarized signals received by one element experience the same phase delay while being transmitted and then reradiated from the other antenna element.

Abstract: A direct fed spiral antenna element array is disclosed for radiating electromagnetic energy. Each antenna element is a multi-arm spiral element having inner and outer ends. Phase shifting is obtained with internal phase control wherein switching means serve to interconnect selected ones of the inner arm ends. Each such antenna element is directly fed by a feed network which feeds currents directly to the outer ends of the spiral arms.