Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reproducing an audio signal. The audio signal may be a digital input with each segment of the signal being broadcast at least two times, which broadcast transmissions are at time spaced intervals. The time spaced transmissions are stored in at least one RAM, and the multiple transmissions are processed to obtain an enhanced output for each segment, which is applied to an audio receiver for reproduction. For example, the multiple transmissions for each segment may be compared, and the best transmission for the segment selected as the enhanced output for the segment.

Abstract: A secure registry system and method for the use thereof are provided which permits secure access to a database containing selected data on a plurality of entities, at least portions of which database has restricted access. Mechanisms are provided for controlling access to restricted access portions of the database are provided, such access being determined by at least one of the identity of the requesting entity and the entity's status. A multicharacter public code may be provided which the system can map to provide permit delivery of items, complete telephone calls and perform other functions for entities. The system may also be utilized to locate an individual based on limited biological data. Organizations utilizing the system may have custom software facilitating their access and use of the system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for inhibiting unauthorized access to or utilization of a container or other protected device wherein a free standing lock or other control is provided, the state of which may be varied in response to receipt of a dynamic non-predictable code. The device may be a lock which when in a first state locks the container or other device, but which may switch to an unlocked state in response to verification that an authorized dynamic non-predictable code has been received. Alternatively, the control may be a mechanism integrally formed with the protected device which, when in a first state, inhibits and prevents normal operation of the device, permitting such operation when the mechanism is in its second state. The non-predictable code may be produced by a token carried by an authorized user, may involve query response operations, or may otherwise be generated in manners known in the art.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for utilizing a token which is preferably a "dumb token" to provide secure access by authorized users to a selected resource. The token stores a secret user code in machine readable form, which code is read by a token processor. The token processor also receives a time-varying value and an algorithm, both of which may be stored or generated at either the token or the token processor and preferably a secret personal identification code which may be inputted at the token, but is preferably inputted at the token processor. The secret user code, time-varying value and secret personal identification code are then algorithmically combined by the algorithm, preferably in the token processor, to generate a one-time nonpredictable code which is transmitted to a host processor. The host processor utilizes the received one-time nonpredictable code to determine if the user is authorized access to the resource and grants access to the resource if the user is determined to be authorized.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for enhancing security for a private key or other multibit secure token code stored in a token by (a) assuring that the secure token code is not stored in the token except for short intervals when the token is actually in use by an authorized user and (b) by assuring that the secure token code cannot be obtained from the token except by an authorized user. This is accomplished by algorithmically combining a PIN or other secret code memorized by the user with the secure token code, either in the token or at a suitable terminal, to generate a meaningless multibit sequence/token secret which is stored in the token. The multibit sequence stored in the token is selected such that when it is algorithmically combined with the secret memorized code known only to the user, either in the token or at a terminal, it produces the private key or other secure token code.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the integrated compression and encryption (concryption) of clear data and for the deconcryption of concrypted data to obtain the clear data for utilization. For concryption, the clear data and an encryption key are obtained, at least one compression step is performed and at least one encryption step is performed utilizing the encryption key. The encryption step is preferably performed on the final or intermediate results of a compression step, with compression being a multistep operation. For deconcryption, decompression and deencryption steps are performed on concrypted data in essentially the reverse order for the performance of corresponding compression and encryption steps during the concryption operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing improved security for a personal identification number (PIN) in a personal identification and verification system of the type wherein a time dependent nonpredictable code is generated at a device in the possession of the individual, which code is unique to the individual and this code is communicated to, and compared with a nonpredictable code generated at a central verification computer. In this system, the PIN is mixed with the nonpredictable code before transmission of these values to the central verification computer. A nonsecret code is previously transmitted to the central verification computer and is used to retrieve the PIN and the appropriate nonpredictable code for the user. These values are used to strip the PIN from the transmitted nonpredictable code and the stripped PIN and remaining nonpredictable code are compared with the corresponding retrieved values in order to determine verification.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for verifying the identity of a system user. Each user has a token which processes an inputted seed to generate a stored value which is either a current seed value or a function thereof. This value is then changed to generate a new current seed in response to each of a plurality of selectively generated trigger signals. The stored current seed or a selected function thereof is outputted, for example by being displayed on the token, and is received and inputted into a host verification unit. This unit either has or generates the current seed value (and the outputted function thereof where required) for the user, the user being indicated by an input also provided to the host with the token output, and compares the received and generated seed function values to verify the user.

Abstract: The present invention includes an apparatus and a method for transceiver self-diagnostic testing in a communication system. A feedback unit (228, 326) is utilized that allows performance of a loopback test independent of a transmit frequency to receive frequency difference without undue proliferation of circuitry.

Abstract: An integrated network security system is provided which permits log-on to a normally locked client on the network in response to at least one coded non-public input to the client by a user. At least a selected portion of the coded input is encrypted and sent to a network server where the user is authenticated. After authentication, the server preferably returns a decryption key, an encryption key for future use and any critical files previously stored at the server to the client. The decryption key is utilized to decrypt any material at the client which were encrypted when the client was locked, including any material sent from the server, thereby unlocking the client. The decryption key may be combined with untransmitted portions of the original coded input in a variety of ways to generate an encryption key for the next time the terminal is to be locked.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing improved security for a personal identification number (PIN) in a personal identification and verification system of the type wherein a time dependent nonpredictable code is generated at a device in the possession of the individual, which code is unique to the individual and this code is communicated to, and compared with a nonpredictable code generated at a central verification computer. In this system, the PIN is mixed with the nonpredictable code before transmission of these values to the central verification computer. A nonsecret code is previously transmitted to the central verification computer and is used to retrieve the PIN and the appropriate nonpredictable code for the user. These values are used to strip the PIN from the transmitted nonpredictable code and the stripped PIN and remaining nonpredictable code are compared with the corresponding retrieved values in order to determine verification.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing personal identification and/or verification at perdetermined stations or checkpoints is provided. Each person to be identified has a unit such as a card, badge or other token or device which stores a predetermined coded value, at least a predetermined portion of which is changed at selected time intervals in accordance with an algorithm, the algorithm being such that the value of the predetermined portion of the stored coded value at any given time is nonpredictable. The unit has a triggering signal generator, the unit being responsive to the triggering signal to present an indication of the current stored coded value to the station, the station responding to the predetermined coded value for identifying the person. Triggering may be in response to detection of a predetermined beacon from the station, in response to a user keypad input or may be periodically generated.

Abstract: A personal verification system comprising a user device which is adapted to generate a time varying, multi-character, nonpredictable code; a verification device; a mechanism for permitting the user to communicate the nonpredictable code generated by the user device at a given time to the verification device in a manner such that a biocharacteristic of the user is communicated with each code character; the verification device including a mechanism for generating the same nonpredictable code as is appearing at the user device at the given time, a mechanism for converting each character of the generated nonpredictable code to an indication of the character which includes the biocharacteristic; and, a mechanism for comparing the communicated characters including biocharacteristics with the character indications including biocharacteristic, and a mechanism for indicating verification if the compared characters, including the biocharacteristic, match in a predetermined way.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for synchronizing the time definition of the dynamic variables by (a) calculating a first non-predictable code according to a secret predetermined algorithm, the algorithm generating the first non-predictable code on the basis of a first dynamic variable and a unique static variable; (b) automatically defining the first dynamic according to a first interval in which the static variable is input into the algorithm, the first interval of time having a predetermined duration; (c) calculating two or more second non-predictable codes according to the predetermined algorithm, the algorithm generating the second non-predictable codes on the basis of the two or more second dynamic variables and the unique static variable, (d) automatically defining the two or more second dynamic variables according to two or more cells of a second interval of time in which the static variable is input into the algorithm of the second computer, the second interval of time comprising a central cell of time havin

Abstract: An apparatus for the electronic generation and comparision of non-predictable codes.