Abstract: Whether or not one utilizes direct DC coupling of the microradios to the antenna feed points or couples the RF energy from the dipoles associated with the spaced-apart contact pads on the microradio, in the subject invention one selects only those microradios that are within a certain variance of a preferred direction and then makes sure that the polarization direction of all of these radios is in the preferred direction are identical, in one embodiment by utilizing digital coding, which both activates the microradio and is used to sense the polarity associated with the connection from the signal source to the contact pads.

Abstract: A receiver including a processor. A plurality of Fast Fourier Transforms of a plurality of signal segments of a signal can be determined by the processor. The plurality of Fast Fourier Transforms are stored. A frequency shift of the signal can be determined recursively based on the stored plurality of Fast Fourier Transforms of the plurality of signal segments.

Abstract: An RFID tag (10), containing at least two independent microscopic RFID chips (16) or microradios is programmed with the same unique identifier for each chip. The unique identifier is used in the RFID chips (16) to key the RFID chip (16) transmitting to produce outputs in the same time slot so that the outputs add coherently, thus to create an output that is identical to that of a conventional tag containing only one such chip.

Abstract: Multiple RFID integrated circuit microradio chips are located at the feed point of an RFID tag antenna for greater, reliability, elimination of testing and to take advantage of coherent microradio operation for increased gain and power, better signal-to-noise ratios, improved range and low bit error rates.

Abstract: A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag using multiple microradios and inkjet printing techniques together with a method and system for manufacturing and applying the tag to an end item are disclosed.

Abstract: Multiple RFID integrated circuit microradio chips are located at the feed point of an RFID tag antenna for greater, reliability, elimination of testing and to take advantage of coherent microradio operation for increased gain and power, better signal-to-noise ratios, improved range and low bit error rates.

Abstract: A receiver including a processor. A plurality of Fast Fourier Transforms of a plurality of signal segments of a signal can be determined by the processor. The plurality of Fast Fourier Transforms are stored. A frequency shift of the signal can be determined recursively based on the stored plurality of Fast Fourier Transforms of the plurality of signal segments.

Abstract: An RF system is capable of transmitting and receiving sensor data using an ultra low power narrowband RF signal. The system handles frequency drift and other problems inherent in such a system through a spectrogram statistical analysis, dynamic programming, and narrowband filtering.

Abstract: Multiple RFID integrated circuit microradio chips are located at the feed point of an RFID tag antenna for greater reliability, elimination of testing and to take advantage of coherent microradio operation for increased gain and power, better signal-to-noise ratios, improved range and low bit error rates.

Abstract: Whether or not one utilizes direct DC coupling of the microradios to the antenna feed points or couples the RF energy from the dipoles associated with the spaced-apart contact pads on the microradio, in the subject invention one selects only those microradios that are within a certain variance of a preferred direction and then makes sure that the polarization direction of all of these radios is in the preferred direction are identical, in one embodiment by utilizing digital coding, which both activates the microradio and is used to sense the polarity associated with the connection from the signal source to the contact pads.

Abstract: A high intensity, low frequency underwater transducer for non-lethal deterrence of terrorist swimmers or divers in a body of water. The invention consists of a motor driven flextensional underwater transducer. In one embodiment, the phase of a transducer is sensed, enabling multiple projectors to achieve high acoustic sound pressure levels by beamforming and/or modal constructive interference (e.g. taking advantage of harbor bottom topography and boundaries.).

Abstract: An RFID tag (10), containing at least two independent microscopic RFID chips (16) or microradios is programmed with the same unique identifier for each chip. The unique identifier is used in the RFID chips (16) to key the RFID chip (16) transmitting to produce outputs in the same time slot so that the outputs add coherently, thus to create an output that is identical to that of a conventional tag containing only one such chip.

Abstract: A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag using multiple microradios and inkjet printing techniques together with a method and system for manufacturing and applying the tag to an end item are disclosed.

Abstract: A Tonpilz transducer which includes a first stack of piezoceramic elements with a first plurality of electrodes connected to form a first pair of external connections. There is also a second stack of piezoceramic elements with a second plurality of electrodes connected to form a second pair of external connections, and the first and second stacks of piezoceramic elements have opposed polarizations.

Abstract: Techniques for underwater detection of fully or partially buried objects such as sea mines and underwater cables are disclosed. An acoustical camera produces three dimensional volumetric images of a target area volume of an underwater floor. One or more first images are produced of the target area volume. An acoustical transducer pulse is then directed to the target area volume so as to disturb the loose particulate or elastic matter included in the target area. One or more second images are then produced while the pulse is present in the target area volume. The images can be compared for evidence of buried objects, or to otherwise evaluate objects included in the target area. The camera can be configured with an interferometer mode so as to produce volumetric images at a real-time frame rate.

Abstract: An integrated piezoelectric ultrasound array structure configured to minimize the effects of differential thermal expansion between the array and the integrated circuit and to improve the mechanical and acoustical integrity of the array. The transducer array may have an interposed thinned supporting substrate and is matched to the integrated circuit substrate for thermal expansion so as to retain mechanical integrity of the array/IC bond within the working temperature range. Transducer elements are laterally isolated acoustically and as to thermal expansion by air or other acoustically attenuating medium of lower elastic modulus material between the elements. Acoustical effects are vertically acoustically isolated with capacitive coupling and small area solder bumps relative to wavelength, and further laterally acoustically isolated by thin supporting substrates relative to wavelength, including thinned semiconductor integrated circuit substrates.

Abstract: A transducer probe has a fully populated, integrated, matrix array of acoustical transducers for ultrasound imaging. The transducer arrays include tiled subarrays of transducers which may be switched (e.g., in real-time) between vertical and horizontal modes, and may further be configured to perform a first level of transmit and receive beam forming functionality with either horizontal or vertical scanning. Example applications include medical imaging, materials testing, and sonar systems.

Abstract: Techniques for interconnecting high-density, structures that include temperature sensitive materials such as piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer arrays, optical detector arrays, MEMS and the like to other structures (e.g., integrated circuits or mechanical assemblies) are disclosed.

Abstract: A real-time, three dimensional, acoustical camera and a real-time, range-gated, intensified, electro-optical camera have substantially overlapping fields of view for co-registered imaging of underwater objects at close ranges. The system is typically mounted in an unmanned underwater vehicle but may be used in other fixed or mobile configurations. The coupled fields of view are steerable in an arc around at least one axis over a large field of regard with a servo-controlled rotating mirror system, while the vehicle or the target is moving or hovering. An automated target recognition system uses the multi-modality images to provide enhanced target recognition and/or autonomous operation in unmanned missions.

Abstract: A method and system for underwater detection of fully or partially buried objects such as sea mines and underwater cables, consisting of a mobile underwater platform configured with a real-time, three dimensional acoustical camera with a downward directed field of view used as an imaging interferometer, coordinated with a high-intensity, low frequency acoustical transmitter directed as to disturb the loose particulate or elastic matter comprising the seafloor within the field of view of the camera. The images recorded by the camera display the relative motion of the seafloor material before and after an acoustical pulse, in contrast to the lesser or no motion of submerged solid objects. Distinguishing man-made from natural objects is aided by recognizing geometric shapes apparent within the varying image density, not common in nature.