Abstract: A valve for a bulk container containing fluid or semi-fluid material permitting draining of the container by gravity including a valve body with a throughopening therethrough, an annular flange at one end of the valve body to be sealingly secured to a plastic bag in the container containing the material and permitting flow of the material from the bag through the throughopening of the valve, an annular recess spaced from the flange a distance generally equal to the thickness of the side wall of the container for receiving a handle securing the valve body in the container side wall, and a butterfly in the throughopening to selectively open and close the valve.

Abstract: A knockdown bulk container for storing and shipping bulk quantities of fluid and semi-fluid substances including an annular base, an annular cap and a circular side wall. The side wall is formed of a number of paperboard slats adhered to a sheet of paperboard. The side wall is adapted to be folded into a substantially flat condition for shipping and storing and formed into a cylinder which is inserted in the annular base for filling of the container. Interlocking blocks adhered respectively to the outside of the base of the side wall and to the inside of the annular base secure the side wall in the base.

Abstract: A paperboard slat for use in a variety of packaging and structural applications wherein a plurality of sheets of paperboard are laminated to each other and folded upon itself along a fold line with the facing sheets being adhered together. The slat is generally of extended length and has a rounded edge running along the fold line. The slat is characterized by its relatively high strength and rigidity and its substantially warp-free condition.

Abstract: A knockdown bulk container for storing and shipping bulk quantities of fluid and semi-fluid substances including an annular base, an annular cap and a circular side wall. The side wall is formed of a number of paperboard slats adhered to a sheet of paperboard. The side wall is adapted to be folded into a substantially flat condition for shipping and storing and formed into a cylinder which is inserted in the annular base for filling of the container. The dimensions of the base and cap are such that the cap and base are nestable. The bulk container provides substantial economies in space saving.

Abstract: A skid top for protecting a skid load of material includes a paperboard sheet having a planar dimension generally corresponding to the length and width of the skid load upon which it is to be used and a peripheral frame laminated thereto formed of laminated paperboard members folded upon themselves and laminated to themselves. In a presently preferred form, the paperboard sheet includes side flaps adapted to be bent down over the top edge of the skid load and paperboard slats laminated to the side flaps. The invention is characterized in part by its improved design, light weight, ease of handling, economies of manufacture, and the improved protection it provides to skid loads.