Abstract: Apparatus for bi-directional ankle exercise movements has a main frame with a seat and upwardly extending columns at either side to support a “U” shaped sub-frame, mounted so that it pivots about a horizontal axis passing very nearly through the ankles of a seated user and interconnecting linkages simultaneously enforcing ankle inversion, with plantarflexion and then ankle aversion, with dorsiflexion, about perpendicularly intersecting axes, while resisting such movements, so as to provide bidirectional ankle exercises according to a progressive resistance program, thus strengthening the ankle muscle groups for enhanced balance and dynamic stability.

Abstract: Apparatus for bi-directional ankle exercise movements has a main frame with a seat and upwardly extending columns at either side to support a “U” shaped sub-frame, mounted so that it pivots about a horizontal axis passing very nearly through the ankles of a seated user and interconnecting linkages simultaneously enforcing ankle inversion, with plantarflexion and then ankle aversion, with dorsiflexion, about perpendicularly intersecting axes, while resisting such movements, so as to provide bidirectional ankle exercises according to a progressive resistance program, thus strengthening the ankle muscle groups for enhanced balance and dynamic stability.

Abstract: Apparatus for bi-directional ankle exercise movements has a main-frame with a seat and upwardly extending columns at either side to support a “U” shaped sub-frame, mounted so that it pivots about a horizontal axis passing very nearly through the ankles of a seated user and interconnecting linkages simultaneously enforcing ankle inversion, with plantarflexion and then ankle aversion, with dorsiflexion, about perpendicularly intersecting axes, while resisting such movements, so as to provide bidirectional ankle exercises according to a progressive resistance program, thus strengthening the ankle muscle groups for enhanced balance and dynamic stability.

Abstract: Apparatus for bi-directional ankle exercise movements has a main-frame with a seat and upwardly extending columns at either side to support a “U” shaped sub-frame, mounted so that it pivots about a horizontal axis passing very nearly through the ankles of a seated user and interconnecting linkages simultaneously enforcing ankle inversion, with plantarflexion and then ankle aversion, with dorsiflexion, about perpendicularly intersecting axes, while resisting such movements, so as to provide bidirectional ankle exercises according to a progressive resistance program, thus strengthening the ankle muscle groups for enhanced balance and dynamic stability.

Abstract: Apparatus for bi-directional ankle exercise movements has a main-frame with a seat and upwardly extending columns at either side to support a “U” shaped sub-frame, mounted so that it pivots about a horizontal axis passing very nearly through the ankles of a seated user and interconnecting linkages simultaneously enforcing ankle inversion, with plantarflexion and then ankle eversion, with dorsiflexion, about perpendicularly intersecting axes, while resisting such movements, so as to provide bidirectional ankle exercises according to a progressive resistance program, thus strengthening the ankle muscle groups for enhanced balance and dynamic stability.

Abstract: Apparatus for bi-directional torso exercise movements has a main-frame base with a seat and upwardly extending columns at either side to support a “U” shaped first sub-frame, mounted so that it pivots about a horizontal first axis passing above the seat, and a second sub-frame mounted to the first sub-frame cross bar for pivotal movement about a second axis generally perpendicular to the horizontal first axis and thereby, mounted for pivotal movement about both axes. A motion transfer linkage is provided to force simultaneous pivotal movement of both sub-frames when either is moved, so as to involve compound muscle groups in an exercise movement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for bi-directional exercising of upper body muscle groups including the steps of mounting lever arms for pivotal movement about primary and secondary axes; arranging the axes so that they are essentially perpendicular and intersect at a shoulder of a user, wherein the user exercises by grasping the lever arms and pivoting each of them independently about both axes simultaneously moving them close together from an extended position, with resistance opposing such exercise movements.

Abstract: A machine for bi-directional exercising of a muscle group through movement of lever arms against a selected resistance has a sub-frame mounted to a main-frame, for pivotal movement about a generally horizontal axis, and the levers connected to the sub-frame to pivot on a pair of spaced apart right and left pivot axes axially displaced to provide a moment arm about the horizontal axis. The lever arms each have a pedal, oriented to effect pivotal movement of the sub-frame about the horizontal axis, and a knee pad, oriented to effect pivotal movement of the lever arms about their respective right or left pivot axis. Linkage members connect each lever arm to the main-frame so that, as the sub-frame pivots through a given angle, the lever arms pivot through opposing angles, and a force applied to either the pedals or knee pads will move the sub-frame and lever arms through their respective angular ranges.

Abstract: An exercise device includes forced pronation or supination movement of the hands and arms in conjunction with the standard range of motion for a specified exercise. The device comprises a conventional frame and a centrally mounted seat. Pivotally attached to the frame is a sub-frame including a pair of levers that pivot in tandem about a first horizontal axis of rotation A1 and movably attached to the distal end of each lever is a double “L” shaped handle that includes a grip that pivots about a second axis of rotation A2. A2 is substantially perpendicular to A1 and the second leg of the double “L” shaped handle is movably attached with a ball and socket connection to a first end of a linkage rod. The second end of the linkage rod is movably attached with a second ball and socket connection to the frame.

Abstract: Apparatus for exercising the forearms and upper arms, in the manner of dumbbells, has a frame with a horizontal pivotal axis, A1, at least one lever having the proximal end connected for pivotal movement about axis A1, a handle extension connected to the distal end of the lever for pivotal movement about an axis A2, A2 being substantially perpendicular to A1, a connecting linkage for pivoting the handle extension about axis A2 in a predetermined relationship relative to the lever as the lever pivots about axis A1, and a handle having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to axis A2, a gripping end centered on, and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and an opposite end, pivotally connected to the handle extension at the distal end thereof for free rotation about the longitudinal axis, so as to permit elective pronation and supination movements of the hands in combination with converging and diverging arm movements.

Abstract: In combination with apparatus for exercising the upper body of the type having extended, motion resisting levers and handgrips at the lever distal ends that follow defined converging and diverging paths upon movement of the levers in one direction and the reverse, an improvement having extended handle members with connecting ends and perpendicularly off-set handgrip ends. The connecting ends are connected to the extended levers for pivotal movement having one, two or three degrees of freedom with respect to the levers, so that the hand grips allow elective inclination and declination movements; elective inclination and declination movements in conjunction with elective converging and diverging movements; or, elective inclination and declination movements in conjunction with elective converging and diverging movements in conjunction with pronating and supinating movements, throughout the range of motion of an exercise.

Abstract: An exercise device includes forced pronation or supination movement of the hand and arms in conjunction with the standard range of motion for a specified exercise. The device comprises a conventional frame and a centrally mounted seat. Pivotally attached to the frame is a sub-frame including a pair of levers that pivot in tandem about a horizontal first axis of rotation A1 and movably attached to the distal end of each lever is a double "L" shaped handle that includes a grip that pivots about a second axis of rotation A2. A2 is is substantially perpendicular to A1 and the distal end of the second leg of the double "L" shaped handle is movably attached with a ball and socket connection to a first end of a linkage rod. The second end of the linkage rod is movably attached with a second ball and socket connector to the frame so that, as the levers pivot about axis A1, each handle is forced to pivot about its axis A2 in a predetermined relationship with the position of the levers.

Abstract: A compact weight lifting machine includes a lift bar assembly including a lift cable and a lift bar which operates through the lift cable to lift selected weights from a weight stack responsive to either upward or downward movement of the lift bar. A seat assembly is positioned beneath the lift bar and includes first and second sections selectively positionable to support a user to perform a variety of exercises. A leg extension/leg curl mechanism located at one end of the seat assembly and a butterfly mechanism located at the opposite end of the seat assembly also operate through the lift cable to lift selected weights from the weight stack.

Abstract: A weight lifting machine for performing a wide range of exercises, has a lift bar angularly adjustable for a starting lift position angularly upward or downward of a substantially horizontal position. An actuating bar is connected to the lift bar for movement therewith. First and second pulleys are movably mounted above and below the actuating bar such that the first pulley moves upwardly with the actuating bar and the second pulley moves downwardly with the actuating bar. The first pulley is prevented from moving downwardly when the second pulley is moved downwardly with the actuating bar and the second pulley is likewise prevented from moving upwardly when the first pulley is moved upwardly. A lift cable is threaded through the first and second pulleys such that movement of the lift bar in either direction lengthens the distance between the pulleys, thereby lifting a plate-type weight stack.

Abstract: A compact weight lifting machine includes a lift bar assembly including a lift cable and a lift bar which operates through the lift cable to lift selected weights from a weight stack responsive to either upward or downward movement of the lift bar. A seat assembly is positioned beneath the lift bar and includes first and second sections selectively positionable to support a user to perform a variety of exercises. A leg extension/leg curl mechanism located at one end of the seat assembly and a butterfly mechanism located at the opposite end of the seat assembly also operate through the lift cable to lift selected weights from the weight stack.