Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process for continuously casting a molten metal which process suppresses the instability of the initial solidification and stably improves the lubrication and the surface properties of the cast metal, and an apparatus therefore, in the process for continuously casting a molten metal an alternating current is applied to an electromagnetic coil which is provided so that it surrounds a continuous casting mold wall or is embedded in the side wall of the mold, whereby an electromagnetic force is exerted on the molten metal poured into the mold which either oscillates in a constant mode or does not oscillate and is starting to be solidified the process of the present invention also comprises periodically changing the amplitude or waveform of the alternating current to be applied, and the apparatus of the present invention is used for the process.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for continuously casting a metal slab made of steel are provided for uniformly circulating molten metal on a meniscus in a mold. The cast metal slab has no surface defect such as a slitting. On the meniscus, the method and apparatus operates to generate electromagnetic stirring thrusts along two long mold sides, these thrusts being opposed to each other. The thrust oriented from a dipping nozzle to the short mold side is made larger than the thrust oriented from the short mold side to the dipping nozzle. A circuit for connecting each coil of a shifting field electromagnetic stirring coil part with a three-phase power supply is symmetric to another circuit with respect to the dipping nozzle. The circuit is divided into two parts along each long mold side. The divided circuit parts are located in parallel but have respective impedances.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process for continuously casting a molten metal which process suppresses the instability of the initial solidification and stably improves the lubrication and the surface properties of the cast metal, and an apparatus therefor, in the process for continuously casting a molten metal an alternating current is applied to an electromagnetic coil which is provided so that it surrounds a continuous casting mold wall or is embedded in the side wall of the mold, whereby an electromagnetic force is exerted on the molten metal poured into the mold which either oscillates in a constant mode or does not oscillate and is starting to be solidified the process of the present invention also comprises periodically changing the amplitude or waveform of the alternating current to be applied, and the apparatus of the present invention is used for the process.

Abstract: A composite roll for hot rolling wherein the outer layer portion of a composite roll comprises a steel comprised of, in terms of % by weight, 1.5 to 2.4% of C, 3 to 6% of V and 10 to 20% of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo and W and optionally at least one element of 0.05 to 0.20% of Al and 0.02 to 0.10% of Ti as an inoculation material, with the balance comprising Fe and unavoidable impurities, the outer layer portion comprising a metallic structure which has a crystal grain diameter of 30 to 150 .mu.m and is surrounded by a eutectic carbide crystallized in the grain boundary or a metallic structure wherein a primary crystallized carbide is further dispersed and crystallized in a matrix structure of the crystal. It is excellent particularly in the surface roughening resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing trehalulose and isomaltulose wherein at least the trehalulose-forming enzyme system of a trehalulose-forming microorganism is contacted with a sucrose solution to convert it into trehalulose and isomaltulose in the weight ratio of at least 4:1.

Abstract: An electromagnetic brake device for a continuous casting mold. The mold has a rectangular cross section having long sides and short sides. The mold also includes water boxes adjacent at least the long sides. The electromagnetic brake device includes an electromagnet including magnetic poles which are provided respectively at the long sides of the casting mold and are disposed in opposed relation to each other. The magnetic poles have a width generally equal to a width of the long sides of the casting mold. Coils are wound on outer peripheries of the magnetic poles. An iron core is provided in surrounding relation to the casting mold, a portion of the iron core opposite each of the short sides of the casting mold extends through the water boxes located adjacent the long sides of the casting mold. The water boxes include openings through a surface into which the magnetic poles are adapted to be inserted. A backup plate is provided at a side of the water boxes located adjacent the mold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing trehalulose and isomaltulose wherein at least the trehalulose-forming enzyme system of a trehalulose-forming microorganism is contacted with a sucrose solution to convert it into trehalulose and isomaltulose in the weight ratio of at least 4:1.

Abstract: A method of oscillating a continuous caster mold at high frequencies comprises disposing a plurality of oscillators having substantially the same oscillating characteristic at appropriate intervals along or in the vicinity of a line where liquid metal contacts an inner lining of a mold, connecting the tip of each oscillator to the inner lining so that the axis of the oscillator extends at right angles to the surface of the inner lining, and supplying power from an oscillation generator to each oscillator so that the oscillation frequencies of any two adjoining oscillators are differentiated within the limit of 2 KHz. Thus, any two adjoining oscillators oscillate the inner lining at right angles to the surface thereof at mutually differentiated frequencies.