Abstract: A manufacturing method for a printed circuit board includes: forming a first substrate portion; forming an intermediate insulating layer on the first substrate portion; forming a temporary layer on a surface opposite to a surface on which the intermediate insulating layer of the first substrate portion is formed; flattening the temporary layer; forming a second substrate portion on the intermediate insulating layer; and removing the temporary layer.

Abstract: An organic electric element includes a hole transport band layer which includes compound represented by Formula 1 and an electron transport band layer includes compound represented by Formula 2. The driving voltage of an organic electric element including the organic electric element can be lowered and the luminous efficiency and lifespan can be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for operating a relation server and a system using the method. The method for operating the relation server for managing relations between machines includes generating, by the relation server, a capability set required to execute a command by analyzing the command, and grouping, by the relation server, machines that are to execute the command, among the machines, based on the generated capability set, and capability parameters and status parameters of respective machines that have been previously registered in the relation server or that are extractable by the relation server.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a well region in a substrate, an impurity region in the well region, a first active fin on the impurity region, a second active fin on the well region, and a connection pattern penetrating the second active fin and connected to the well region may be provided. The substrate and the impurity region include impurities having a first conductivity type. The well region includes impurities having a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type. The first active fin includes a plurality of first semiconductor patterns that are spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to a top surface of the substrate. The first semiconductor patterns and the impurity region include impurities having the first conductivity type.

Abstract: A battery pack mounting structure of a vehicle includes: a frame side member of a chassis frame provided so that an upper end portion thereof is located at a position spaced downward by a predetermined reference downward distance from a step height set in consideration of ease of boarding of passengers; a battery case provided so that a battery accommodated in the battery case overlaps the frame side member in a horizontal direction thereof; a case side portion forming a side surface of the battery case, coupled to a lower side of the frame side member, and including a lower end portion aligned with a lowest ground height of the vehicle; and a case lower plate forming the battery case while supporting a lower side of the battery and disposed at a position spaced upwards from the lowest ground height.

Abstract: The present invention relates to entangled-type carbon nanotubes which have a bulk density of 31 kg/m3 to 85 kg/m3 and a ratio of tapped bulk density to bulk density of 1.37 to 2.05, and a method for preparing the entangled-type carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an active pattern on a substrate, a pair of source/drain patterns on the active pattern, a channel pattern between the pair of source/drain patterns, the channel pattern including semiconductor patterns stacked to be spaced apart from each other, and a gate electrode crossing the channel pattern and extending in a first direction. One of the pair of source/drain patterns includes a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer thereon. The first semiconductor layer is in contact with a first semiconductor pattern, which is one of the stacked semiconductor patterns. The largest widths of the first semiconductor pattern, the first semiconductor layer, and the second semiconductor layer in the first direction are a first width, a second width, a third width, respectively, and the second width is larger than the first width and smaller than the third width.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a substrate includes an active area; a first landing pad connected to the active area and disposed on the substrate; a second landing pad connected to the active area, and spaced apart from the first landing pad, wherein the second landing pad is disposed on the substrate; a first lower electrode disposed on the first landing pad and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate; a second lower electrode disposed on the second landing pad and extending in the direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate; a dielectric layer extending along the first lower electrode and the second lower electrode; and an upper electrode disposed on the dielectric layer, wherein a first upper surface of the first landing pad is disposed below a second upper surface of the second landing pad with respect to a lower surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A display area (100a) includes a plurality of tiles each tile including an optically transparent layer (208). Each of the plurality of tiles includes a substrate (202) and a plurality of light sources (204?) positioned on the substrate. In addition, each of the plurality of tiles includes a non-transparent layer (206) extending between the transparent layer and the plurality of light sources. The non-transparent layer includes an opening (214) extending over an area between at least one of the plurality of light sources and the transparent layer. In addition, a seam extends between adjacent tiles of the plurality of tiles and the non-transparent layer extends across the seam.

Abstract: Disclosed are a nanobarcode for controlling adhesion and polarization of macrophages and a method of controlling adhesion and polarization of macrophages by using nanobarcodes. The method of controlling adhesion and polarization of macrophages of the present invention may efficiently control adhesion and phenotypic polarization of macrophages in vivo or in vitro by tuning periodicity and sequences of ligand peptide (RGD) of a nanobarcode.

Abstract: A blower unit for a vehicle and an air conditioning device including the same, the blower unit including: a scroll casing having an inlet port; a fan rotatably disposed in the scroll casing; a motor having a shaft coupled to the fan; and a bell mouth disposed in the inlet port, in which an inner end of the scroll casing, which defines the inlet port, is disposed to be spaced apart from the fan in a radial direction to define a separation space, and the bell mouth prevents air, which flows by a rotation of the fan, from flowing reversely through the separation space. The blower unit and the air conditioning device including the same prevent air from flowing reversely to the outside of the scroll casing by means of the arrangement of the bell mouth and the scroll casing and the structural shape of the bell mouth.

Abstract: A circularly polarizing plate capable of improving the tone of reflective color sense by using a retardation film having flat dispersion characteristics; and an OLED device comprising the circularly polarizing plate.

Abstract: The present application relates to a cosmetic composition comprising resveratrone, for improving skin health.

Abstract: A camera module includes: a first body including a substrate; an image sensor mounted on the substrate; a second body including a lens module; a ball bearing disposed between the first body and the second body to enable movement of the second body relative to the first body; and a driving member disposed between the first body and the second body to provide driving force to move the second body in at least one direction intersecting an optical axis.

Abstract: A resonant coil coupled with an electromagnetic field is disclosed. A Fraunhofer resonant coil includes an upper spiral element and a lower spiral element, an upper conical element connected to the upper spiral element and including one or more layers formed of a plurality of plies, a lower conical element connected to the lower spiral element and including one or more layers formed of a plurality of plies, and a feeding device connected to a gap between the upper conical element and the lower conical element and configured to supply power.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes first active patterns on a PMOSFET section of a logic cell region of a substrate, second active patterns on an NMOSFET section of the logic cell region, third active patterns on a memory cell region of the substrate, fourth active patterns between the third active patterns, and a device isolation layer that fills a plurality of first trenches and a plurality of second trenches. Each of the first trenches is interposed between the first active patterns and between the second active patterns. Each of the second trenches is interposed between the fourth active patterns and between the third and fourth active patterns. Each of the third and fourth active patterns includes first and second semiconductor patterns that are vertically spaced apart from each other. Depths of the second trenches are greater than depths of the first trenches.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for increasing accuracy of position estimation by estimating a position of a signal source based on an error due to altitudes of a sensor and a signal source and an error due to a pitch of an aircraft as well as an error due to curvature of the earth. At this time, a position estimation method may include receiving measurement data from a plurality of sensors, estimating first position data of the signal source based on the measurement data, identifying an altitude error of the first position data, and estimating second position data that is data obtained by correcting the first position data based on the altitude error.

Abstract: Provided is a method and an apparatus for processing an image based on a neural network. The method includes forming an input image set by combining a visible light image and an infrared image, estimating an illuminant map representing an illuminant configuration of the input image set and a confidence score map representing a correlation between the visible light image and the infrared image, using a neural network model, and determining illuminant information of the visible light image based on the illuminant map and the confidence score map.

Abstract: A control apparatus for automating teaching between a gas cylinder transport apparatus and a gas cylinder storage apparatus and a logistics system including the control apparatus are provided. The logistics system includes: a gas cylinder transport apparatus transferring gas cylinders containing process gases; a gas cylinder storage apparatus storing the gas cylinders; and a control apparatus controlling the gas cylinder transport apparatus and the gas cylinder storage apparatus, wherein the control apparatus performs auto-teaching for operations between the gas cylinder transport apparatus and the gas cylinder storage apparatus.