Abstract: In one aspect, a method of making a sintered article comprises providing a composite article comprising a porous exterior printed from a powder composition via one or more additive manufacturing techniques, the porous exterior defining an interior volume and providing a loose powder component in the interior volume. The porous exterior and loose powder component are simultaneously sintered to provide the sintered article comprising a sintered interior and sintered exterior.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of making a sintered article comprises providing a composite article comprising a porous exterior printed from a powder composition via one or more additive manufacturing techniques, the porous exterior defining an interior volume and providing a loose powder component in the interior volume. The porous exterior and loose powder component are simultaneously sintered to provide the sintered article comprising a sintered interior and sintered exterior.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of making a sintered article comprises providing a composite article comprising a porous exterior printed from a powder composition via one or more additive manufacturing techniques, the porous exterior defining an interior volume and providing a loose powder component in the interior volume. The porous exterior and loose powder component are simultaneously sintered to provide the sintered article comprising a sintered interior and sintered exterior.

Abstract: An acoustic wave device operable as a piston mode wave guide includes electrodes forming an interdigital transducer on a surface of the piezoelectric substrate, wherein each of the plurality of electrodes is defined as having a transversely extending center region and transversely opposing edge regions for guiding an acoustic wave longitudinally through the transducer. A Silicon Oxide overcoat covers the transducer and a Silicon Nitride layer covers the Silicon Oxide overcoat within only the center and edge regions. The thickness of the Silicon Nitride layer is sufficient for providing a frequency modification to the acoustic wave within the center region and is optimized with a positioning of a Titanium strip within each of the opposing edge regions. The Titanium strip reduces the acoustic wave velocity within the edge regions with the velocity in the edge regions being less than the wave velocity within the transducer center region.

Abstract: An interdigital transducer includes an edge gap length between ends of electrodes and the opposing busbar increased sufficiently for reducing or even eliminating tunneling effects through the gap. As a result, a wave velocity of the acoustic wave within the longitudinally extending edge regions is less than the wave velocity within the transducer center region, and the wave velocity within the opposing gap regions is greater than a velocity in the transducer center region, thus an essentially flat propagation mode results within the aperture of the transducer. A SAW transducer or a SAW resonator on a high coupling substrate will thus guide the energy in the transducer region without a need for apodization. Higher equivalent coupling factors as well as lower losses are obtained.

Abstract: An interdigital transducer includes an edge gap length between ends of electrodes and the opposing busbar increased sufficiently for reducing or even eliminating tunneling effects through the gap. As a result, a wave velocity of the acoustic wave within the longitudinally extending edge regions is less than the wave velocity within the transducer center region, and the wave velocity within the opposing gap regions is greater than a velocity in the transducer center region, thus an essentially flat propagation mode results within the aperture of the transducer. A SAW transducer or a SAW resonator on a high coupling substrate will thus guide the energy in the transducer region without a need for apodization. Higher equivalent coupling factors as well as lower losses are obtained.

Abstract: An insert retention screw comprises a head with a radius that is a sufficient size to fit within a mounting hole of a cutting insert and seat within a seating plane within the mounting hole that is generally perpendicular to the axis of the insert when the screw is at an angle in a range of about 0-15 degrees. The retention screw is provided for holding a cutting insert in the pocket of a tool body. The pocket is partially defined by a floor and a seating surface. A threaded hole is at an angle that is taken with reference to the pocket floor. The insert has a mounting hole passing therethrough. The retention screw passes through the mounting hole and threads into the threaded hole so as to draw the insert against the seating surface.

Abstract: A demodulating logarithmic amplifier rectifies a radio frequency signal prior to amplification through progressive stages. A full wave linear or squaring rectifier receives a waveform signal at the input and provides a rectified signal that is proportional to an envelope or a square of the envelope of the waveform signal at the output. The rectified signal is then fed to a series of limiting amplifier stages where the signal is progressively amplified. After each individual amplifier stage, the partially amplified signal is passed through a voltage-to-current converter to create a current signal. All the current signals are subsequently summed to produce an amplified current output signal that is representative of the logarithm of the envelope of the input signal.

Abstract: A radio frequency level detector having extended uniform dynamic range contains a branching circuit that receives a radio frequency signal and sends it to at least two separate branches. One branch contains a fixed attenuator coupled to a rectifier, to create a rectified output that is proportional to the envelope of the radio frequency signal. The rectified signal is fed to a number of serially coupled limiting amplifier stages, and after each amplification stage the output is converted from a voltage signal to a current signal. All of the current signals are subsequently summed. This provides a current output signal that increases monotonically as a function of radio frequency power over a the first part of the dynamic range and remains constant as a function of radio frequency power over the second part of the range. The second of the two separate branches contains another fixed attenuator, which is larger than the previous fixed attenuator.

Abstract: A demodulating logarithmic amplifier rectifies a radio frequency signal prior to amplification through progressive stages. A full wave linear or squaring rectifier receives a waveform signal at the input and provides a rectified signal that is proportional to an envelope or a square of the envelope of the waveform signal at the output. The rectified signal is then fed to a series of limiting amplifier stages where the signal is progressively amplified. After each individual amplifier stage, the partially amplified signal is passed through a voltage-to-current converter to create a current signal. All the current signals are subsequently summed to produce an amplified current output signal that is representative of the logarithm of the envelope of the input signal.

Abstract: A demodulating logarithmic amplifier rectifies a radio frequency signal prior to amplification through progressive stages. A full wave linear or squaring rectifier receives a waveform signal at the input and provides a rectified signal that is proportional to an envelope or a square of the envelope of the waveform signal at the output. The rectified signal is then fed to a series of limiting amplifier stages where the signal is progressively amplified. After each individual amplifier stage, the partially amplified signal is passed through a voltage-to-current converter to create a current signal. All the current signals are subsequently summed to produce an amplified current output signal.