Abstract: Nanostructured surface coating (1) configured to generate visual appearances in a visible spectrum range, comprising: —a first layer comprising a random distribution of nanoparticles (2); —a substrate (3), on which the first layer is arranged; —the nanoparticles having an optical refraction index npart having a value suitable for each individually diffusing the incident light; —the nanoparticles being arranged so that the mean distance between two adjacent particles d is defined in accordance with the following relationship so as to produce interference between the light diffused by the particles: 2 R?d?max (?/np), where R is the smallest geometric radius of a circle surrounding the particle, ? is the greatest wavelength of the visible spectrum, and np is the optical refractive index of the medium in which the nanoparticles are dispersed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal elastomer actuator to move in a fluid is described herein. The actuator includes a body with dimensions between 100 nm and 800 ?m having a low Reynolds number. The body includes a first and a second spatially separated volume, each comprising a liquid crystal elastomer. The first volume is doped with a first photoactive doping substance to absorb electromagnetic radiation at a first wavelength and the second volume is doped with a second photoactive doping substance to absorb electromagnetic radiation at a second wavelength. The first and second volumes change shape as a consequence of light absorption at the first or second wavelength, defining a first and a second joint. A first absorbance of the first volume at a given wavelength is different than a second absorbance of the second volume at a given wavelength, the first and second absorbance are measured in the same time interval.

Abstract: A waveguide is provided on which an electromagnetic wave impinges, the electromagnetic wave having a wavelength ? included in a given interval ?? of interest centered on a ?centr. The waveguide comprises a film defining a surface on a plane on which the electromagnetic waves are apt to impinge, having a thickness in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface, the film being realized in a material having a first refractive index; a plurality of scatterers being randomly distributed in two directions in at least a portion of the surface of the film, the scatterers having a substantially constant cross section along said substantially perpendicular direction. The scatterers are realized in a material having a second refractive index lower than the first refractive index, wherein the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic waves is comprised between 0.

Abstract: A waveguide is provided on which an electromagnetic wave impinges, the electromagnetic wave having a wavelength ? included in a given interval ?? of interest centered on a ?centr. The waveguide comprises a film defining a surface on a plane on which the electromagnetic waves are apt to impinge, having a thickness in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface, the film being realized in a material having a first refractive index; a plurality of scatterers being randomly distributed in two directions in at least a portion of the surface of the film, the scatterers having a substantially constant cross section along said substantially perpendicular direction. The scatterers are realized in a material having a second refractive index lower than the first refractive index, wherein the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic waves is comprised between 0.