Abstract: An electrolyte membrane is disclosed, for use in a fuel cell, and is composed of ionic transporting elements embedded in a polymer matrix. The elements can be carbon products, dye stuffs molecules, organic molecules, inorganic molecules, semiconductors, oxides, or superconductors. The elements carry ionic groups by chemical attachment of physical absorption. The electrolyte membrane can be a homogeneous or inhomogeneous blend of the ionic transporting elements in the polymer matrix. An anode and an opposing cathode are on opposite sides of the membrane. Respective catalysts are on the anode and cathode. A gas diffusion layer contacts the anode and has openings to allow fuel from a fuel source to pass through to the anode, as fuel is consumed at the anode. Another gas diffusion layer contacts the cathode and has openings to allow oxygen to pass through to the cathode. Fuel consumption generates electricity and produces water.

Abstract: A process for making liquid nano carbon includes: pretreating raw materials by heat; attaching the electrolytic chemical groups onto the surface of heat pretreated carbon powder; and isolating nano particles in an electrolytic environment. The resulting fabricated particle includes liquid nano carbons having particles with an average size less than 30 nanometers.

Abstract: Print head array technology composed of single or multiple carbon nano tubes formed on one substrate and actively controlled by electrical bias to reproduce nano scale patterning with high throughput production of integrated circuits. The CNT print head can perform as a thermo print head, an electron beam print head, an electrically controlled capillary print head or an electrochemical tip head.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for a maskless lithography process by over coating a photo resist layer with water soluble thermoplastics; and imaging ultraviolet (UV) absorbing nano particles onto the photo resist layer.

Abstract: A photoconductor coating which is a cross-linked product of a copolymer is disclosed. The copolymer is a polymerization reaction product of reactant monomers comprising three types of monomers. The reactant monomers include from 0.1 to 20 mole percent of one or more first monomers on the reactant monomers, from 0.1 to 20 mole percent of one or more second monomers on the reactant monomers, and from 0.1 to 80 mole percent of one or more third monomers on the reactant monomers. The first monomers has the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 each is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl, and alkylphenyl in which alkyl has 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is linear, R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl, alkylphenyl, biphenyl, --COOR.sup.5, and --CONHR.sup.6 ; R.sup.5 and R.sup.

Abstract: An electrophotoconductor comprising an electrically conductive support and formed on the surface thereof a photosensitive layer containing a disazo compound of formula ##STR1## wherein two Y's, which are the same or different, denote a group selected from the class consisting of ##STR2## two X's, which are the same or different, denote an atom or a group selected from the class consisting of H, CH.sub.3, OCH.sub.3, Cl, Br and NO.sub.2, Ar denotes a group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a pyridyl group, a thienyl group, a furyl group or a carbazolyl group which may have a substituent, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which are the same or different, denote an alkyl group or an aryl group that may have a substituent, and ##STR3## denotes a cylic hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.