Abstract: A method for horizontal type continuous casting, which comprises: withdrawing a cast strand from a mold provided horizontally at the lower part of a tundish at a prescribed withdrawing speed for a prescribed period of withdrawing time; then, pushing back said cast strand for a prescribed period of pushback time in the direction opposite to the direction of withdrawal; and, withdrawing said cast strand again from said mold at said prescribed withdrawing speed for said prescribed period of withdrawing time; repeating said withdrawal and said pushing back, the distance of said withdrawal being longer than that of said pushing back; thereby intermittently withdrawing said cast strand from said mold; said method being characterized by comprising: limiting said prescribed withdrawing speed within the range of from 1.0 to 10.0 m/minute; limiting said prescribed period of withdrawing time within the range of from 0.05 to 1.5 second; and, limiting said prescribed period of pushback time within the range of from 0.

Abstract: A gas blowing nozzle is produced by molding a non-porous substance into a molding frame under pressure and at the same time positioning a plurality of gas passageways forming members at predetermined spaces and distances from each other. The passageway holes have cross sectional shapes as desired, so that the gas blowing may be accurately controlled to perform refining of molten metal.

Abstract: There is disclosed the distribution of an amorphous refractory in a case where a lining frame is positioned within a molten metal vessel preliminarily lined with a permanent lining refractory and the amorphous refractory is cast into the space between the permanent lining refractory and the lining frame thereby applying a lining to the inner surface of the vessel.A conical distributor is arranged above the lining frame and the amorphous refractory is continuously delivered from a rotary chute onto the distributor so as to describe a concentric path of moving falling points.

Abstract: Steel making by a converter comprises blowing oxygen onto the surface of molten steel held in the converter and blowing agitating gases of 1/3 to 1/3000 of the amount of said oxygen thereinto from tuyeres provided at bottom of the converter, which number from 1 to 30 and are from 2 to 30 mm.phi. in inside diameter, thereby to effectively agitate the molten steel and make blowing reaction stabilized for purposes of increasing production and improving quality of the steel.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing a steam explosion, in a water discharge channel of a secondary cooling zone of a horizontal type continuous casting machine, caused by molten metal breaking out from said cast strand, which comprises: a metal net provided substantially horizontally between said secondary cooling zone and said water discharge channel for granulating said molten metal breaking out from said cast strand; a water flashing mechanism provided over the entire width of said water discharge channel above said water discharge channel, said water flashing mechanism comprising a plurality of water injection ports ejecting water on said molten metal granulated through said metal net for rapidly cooling and solidifying said molten metal and washing away the resultant soldified granulated metal toward the downstream of said water discharge channel; a tank, provided at the downstream end of said water discharge channel for receiving the water and the granulated metal discharged from said water discharge channel an