Abstract: A livestock stall system which can take measures against the cold of winter and against the heat of summer while preventing worsening of the condition of the litter (the flooring) and maintaining a favorable environment inside the livestock stall. This livestock stall system includes a livestock stall in which livestock is raised, and a second pipe which is arranged so as to pass beneath the floor of the livestock stall and which adjusts the temperature of the floor surface of the livestock stall by circulating a medium through the inside of the pipe.

Abstract: A target consisting essentially of a CoCrPt-based metal or a CoCrPtRu-based metal, and one or more metal oxides selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Cr2O3, CoO, TiO2 and Ta2O5, is heated in an upper crucible of a two-level crucible that includes the upper crucible with a through hole formed in a bottom surface, and a lower crucible disposed below the through hole. The target is heated at a temperature of from 1400 to 1790° C. if the target does not contain both TiO2 and Ta2O5. The target is heated at a temperature of from 1400 to 1630° C. if the target contains TiO2 but does not contain Ta2O5. The target is heated at a temperature of from 1400 to 1460° C. if the target contains Ta2O5. The metal thereby melted is caused to flow into the lower crucible, so that the metal is separated from the metal oxide.

Abstract: In the method for recovering a metal from a target that contains a metal and a metal oxide, the target contains a sintered body of the metal oxide after being heated under a condition of melting the metal without melting or decomposing the metal oxide. The target is heated in an upper crucible of a two-level crucible that includes the upper crucible with a through hole-formed in a bottom surface thereof, and a lower crucible disposed below the through hole, the size of the through hole being set such that it does not allow the sintered body of the metal oxide contained in the target to pass therethrough, and the melted metal is caused to flow into the lower crucible, so that the metal is separated from the metal oxide.

Abstract: A target consisting essentially of a CoCrPt-based metal or a CoCrPtRu-based metal, and one or more metal oxides selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Cr2O3, CoO, TiO2 and Ta2O5, is heated in an upper crucible of a two-level crucible that includes the upper crucible with a through hole formed in a bottom surface, and a lower crucible disposed below the through hole. The target is heated at a temperature of from 1400 to 1790° C. if the target does not contain both TiO2 and Ta2O5. The target is heated at a temperature of from 1400 to 1630° C. if the target contains TiO2 but does not contain Ta2O5. The target is heated at a temperature of from 1400 to 1460° C. if the target contains Ta2O5. The metal thereby melted is caused to flow into the lower crucible, so that the metal is separated from the metal oxide.

Abstract: In the method for recovering a metal from a target that contains a metal and a metal oxide, the target contains a sintered body of the metal oxide after being heated under a condition of melting the metal without melting or decomposing the metal oxide. The target is heated in an upper crucible of a two-level crucible that includes the upper crucible with a through hole-formed in a bottom surface thereof, and a lower crucible disposed below the through hole, the size of the through hole being set such that it does not allow the sintered body of the metal oxide contained in the target to pass therethrough, and the melted metal is caused to flow into the lower crucible, so that the metal is separated from the metal oxide.

Abstract: To shorten a long aging time required for meat processing and reducing the viable cell count of a carcass before being cooked, an electric stimulus is imparted by applying an AC voltage via from electrode needles to at least the neck and legs of the meat carcass. The AC voltage is turned on for a time Ton and then turned off for a time Toff, and the application of the voltage is repeated a predetermined number of cycles. The Ton period is not longer than the Toff period, although the first Ton period can be longer than the Toff period. The voltage is not higher than 100V, and the frequency is not higher than the commercial frequency (maximum, 60 Hz). The aging effect is improved by stimulating the entire meat carcass electrically from at most three points.

Abstract: To shorten a long aging time required for meat processing and reducing the viable cell count of a carcass before being cooked, an electric stimulus is imparted by applying an AC voltage via from electrode needles to at least the neck and legs of the meat carcass. The AC voltage is turned on for a time Ton and then turned off for a time Toff, and the application of the voltage is repeated a predetermined number of cycles. The Ton period is not longer than the Toff period, although the first Ton period can be longer than the Toff period. The voltage is not higher than 100V, and the frequency is not higher than the commercial frequency (maximum, 60 Hz). The aging effect is improved by stimulating the entire meat carcass electrically from at most three points.

Abstract: A poultry treatment system relating to dissection, shape arrangement, and dispensing treatment, which can prevent the growth of bacteria in cleaning, cooling, and succeeding treatment processes for making possible the securing of the least contaminated state (the number of common live bacteria carried by a packed article of 2 kg is 102), composed of; a pretreatment section 20 comprising hanging part 20a, bloodletting part 20b, immersion-in-hot-water part 20c; a treatment section 10 comprising a plucking part 11, hollowing part 12, cleaning/sterilizing/cooling part 13, and water-washing part 14; a dissecting/dispensing/packaging section comprising a automatic dissection part 16, shape arrangement part 17, dispensing/packaging part 18; and shipment section 21.