Abstract: It is intended to provide a peptide or a phage recognizing nanographite structures and thus enabling efficient recognition, binding, separation and alignment of nanographite structures such as carbon nanohorns or carbon nanotubes, an artificial protein or a chimeric molecule comprising the above-described peptide bonded to a functional peptide, a protein, a labeling, etc., and a complex of the above-described peptide molecule, artificial protein or chimeric molecule with a nanographite structure. By panning peptide-presenting phages bonded to nanographite structures, a nanographite structure-binding peptide capable of specifically recognizing nanographite structures such as carbon nanohorns or carbon nanotubes is obtained.

Abstract: A method for selectively arranging ferritin modified with a peptide, which specifically binds to titanium, to titanium formed on a substrate surface is provided. The method for arranging ferritin of the present invention is characterized in that ferritin is selectively bound on titanium on a substrate by modifying the N-terminal part of ferritin with a peptide which specifically binds to titanium. Also, the method for arranging ferritin of the present invention is characterized in that selectivity for titanium can be markedly improved by adding a nonionic surface activating agent.

Abstract: A multifunctional base sequence method largely shortens the calculation time and reduces the volume of memory consumption of a processor by carrying out calculation with the advance exclusion of base sequences in which translation termination codons emerge in the second and third reading frames, which are to be excluded in the end. Focusing on the fact that a dipeptide sequence already contains information about the translation products of the second and third reading frames, proteins are analyzed and calculated as duplicated connective products of dipeptide sequences, and are not analyzed as connective products of 20 kinds of amino acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a peptide sequence, a phage, an artificial protein or a chimeric molecule having a binding ability to titanium, silver, silicon, necessary to confer higher capacity of titanium, silver, silicon material with the use of soft matters, or to provide a complex of a peptide, a phage, an artificial protein or a chimeric molecule, and titanium, having the peptide sequence and functional peptide sequence. By bringing into contact a population of phage wherein said phage of said population collectively express a library of different peptide sequence, recovering titanium bound to phage particles via peptide sequence by centrifugation, proliferating the obtained phage particles in bacteria, and repeating panning operation and concentrating titanium binding phage clones. Among the phage clones, peptide RKLPDAPGMHTW and the like is identified. As for a peptide having a binding ability to titanium, silver, silicon, RKLPDA or RALPDA can be exemplified.

Abstract: A method for selectively arranging ferritin modified with a peptide, which specifically binds to titanium, to titanium formed on a substrate surface is provided. The method for arranging ferritin of the present invention is characterized in that ferritin is selectively bound on titanium on a substrate by modifying the N-terminal part of ferritin with a peptide which specifically binds to titanium. Also, the method for arranging ferritin of the present invention is characterized in that selectivity for titanium can be markedly improved by adding a nonionic surface activating agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbon nanohorn complex that is excellent in characteristics of adsorption or inclusion of drugs and release, in particular, a sustained release of drugs as a novel drug carrier in drug delivery systems, as well as a process for producing the complex. The complex of drug and carbon nanohorns comprises a steroidal or metal-containing drug being adsorbed onto the oxidized carbon nanohorns, or included in pores opened thereof.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a peptide or a phage recognizing nanographite structures and thus enabling efficient recognition, binding, separation and alignment of nanographite structures such as carbon nanohoms or carbon nanotubes, an artificial protein or a chimeric molecule comprising the above-described peptide bonded to a functional peptide, a protein, a labeling, etc., and a complex of the above-described peptide molecule, artificial protein or chimeric molecule with a nanographite structure. By panning peptide-presenting phages bonded to nanographite structures, a nanographite structure-binding peptide capable of specifically recognizing nanographite structures such as carbon nanohoms or carbon nanotubes is obtained.

Abstract: To provide a method of designing a multifunctional base sequence which can largely shorten the calculation time and reduce the volume of memory consumption of a processor by carrying out calculation with the advance exclusion of base sequences in which translation termination codons are emerged in the second and third reading frames which are to be excluded in the end. Focusing on the fact that a dipeptide sequence already contains information about the translation products of the second and third reading frames, proteins are analyzed and calculated as duplicated connective products of dipeptide sequences, and not analyzed as connective products of 20 kinds of amino acids. In “Leu-Ser” case, for example, calculation may only be performed hereafter for 6×6−10=26 variants that do not contain termination codons in the second and third reading frames (FIG. 1).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for efficiently constructing a specific antibody having a neutralizing activity for AIDS or the like, by imparting an ability to induce a strong immunoresponse to peptidic epitope such as the gp120 loop 3 of HIV or the like, from which sufficient immunoresponsive induction activity cannot be obtained by the conventional methods. An artificial protein having epitope with potentiated immunogenicity, comprised of an amino acid sequence containing whole or part of an amino acid sequence of a peptidic epitope and having a property imparted thereto of assisting the formation of the high-order structure of protein, and an amino acid sequence having a property imparted thereto of assisting the antigen presentation treatment caused by immunocompetent cell, is prepared. Subsequently, an antibody against the above-mentioned peptidic epitope is efficiently constructed by a conventional method with the use of said artificial protein.

Abstract: To provide a method of designing a multifunctional base sequence which can largely shorten the calculation time and reduce the volume of memory consumption of a processor by carrying out calculation with the advance exclusion of base sequences in which translation termination codons are emerged in the second and third reading frames which are to be excluded in the end. Focusing on the fact that a dipeptide sequence already contains information about the translation products of the second and third reading frames, proteins are analyzed and calculated as duplicated connective products of dipeptide sequences, and not analyzed as connective products of 20 kinds of amino acids. In “Leu-Ser” case, for example, calculation may only be performed hereafter for 6×6−10=26 variants that do not contain termination codons in the second and third reading frames (FIG. 1).

Abstract: The present invention provides: a microgene comprising a multifunctional base sequence having two or more functions in different reading frames of the base sequence which is required for creating industrially useful artificial proteins that do not exist in nature; an artificial gene obtained by polymerizing the microgenes; and an artificial protein which is a translation product of the artificial gene.

Abstract: A method of forming a macromolecular microgene polymer comprises allowing DNA polymerase to act on oligonucleotides A and B complementary at least partially to each other to effect polymerase chain reaction. According to the present invention, there can be obtained a polymer consisting of a repeating microgene, which is efficiently and simply formed.

Abstract: A method of detecting a nucleic acid which comprises bringing a solid carrier suspected to carry or contain a nucleic acid into contact with a polyamine to which a label capable of generating a detectable signal or a precursor thereof is bound, to form a complex between said nucleic acid and said polyamine, said precursor converting into said label, if used, removing the polyamine which has not formed any complex before or after the conversion of said precursor and then detecting said label.

Abstract: Isolated, recombinant nucleic acids which encode an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IleRS) of human origin have been used to make expression constructs and transformed host cells for the production of a recombinant human IleRS. A recombinant enzyme has been purified, and is active in the specific aminoacylation of tRNA by isoleucine. Isolated, recombinant enzyme, and antibodies made specifically thereto, can be useful in assays to diagnose and monitor the autoimmune disease known as "antisynthetase syndrome." The essential isoleucyl-tRNA synthetases of microbes pathogenic in humans can be the targets of inhibitory agents having antimicrobial activity. A human isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, isolated and purified, can be used to assess the toxic effect in humans of such an inhibitory agent in various biochemical activity assays. This human enzyme can also be expressed in "tester strains," whose cells rely upon the function of the human isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase for tRNA.sup.Ile charging.

Abstract: Isolated, recombinant nucleic acids which encode alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) of human origin have been used to make expression constructs and transformed host cells for the production of recombinant human AlaRS. The recombinant enzyme has been purified, and is active in the specific aminoacylation of tRNA by alanine. The isolated, recombinant human AlaRS is also recognized by antibodies made by patients with the particular autoimmune disease known as "antisynthetase syndrome" in which the patients produce antibodies against the human alanyl-tRNA synthetase in their own cells. Thus, the isolated, recombinant enzyme, and antibodies made specifically thereto, can be useful in assays to diagnose and monitor this disease. The essential alanyl-tRNA synthetases of microbes pathogenic in humans can be the targets of inhibitory agents having antimicrobial activity.