Abstract: A color filter is constituted by unit arrays of two columns and four rows of filter elements. The first column has cyan, magenta, cyan, and green (or green, yellow, green and cyan) filter elements which are arranged in that order and the second column has yellow, green, yellow, and magenta (or magenta, cyan, magenta and yellow filter elements which are arranged in that order. A solid state image apparatus having an expanded dynamic range is realized by using this color filter in that the dynamic range of the photoelectric elements corresponding to the green filter elements can be utilized more efficiently.

Abstract: A method for driving a solid-state image sensor in which the bias charges in a horizontal readout CCD (charge-coupled device) shift register are transferred onto vertical signal lines with the signal charges and then the signal and bias charges are transferred back into the horizontal readout CCD shift register from which are read out the signal charges (generated at the photosensor or photodiodes).

Abstract: Solid state color imaging apparatus comprises a solid state photoelectric device such as an interline type CCD having a color filter in front of it. The color filter has a number of minute filter elements disposed forming vertical column and at the same time horizontal rows,each vertical column comprising repetition of transparent element, cyanic element, transparent and yellow elementeach odd number horizontal rows, comprising repetition of transparent element and yellow element,each even number horizontal rows comprising repetition of transparent element and cyanic element, andin two-dimensional disposition the transparent elements are disposed in chequered pattern.

Abstract: In a solid state color imaging apparatus comprisinga solid state photoelectric device having an array of picture elements,a color filter fixed in front of the solid state photoelectric device,the improvement is thatthe color filter has filter elements of a first complementary color (cy), and filter elements of a second complementary color (ye) and substantially transparent parts (tr).The apparatus has, by use of complementary color filter elements, a high light utility efficiency which is about 9 dB higher efficiency than the conventional color filter consisting of primary color filter elements, and hence has a higher S/N ratio.

Abstract: A surface of a semiconductor substrate is coated with a mask having a desired doping pattern and the ions of a desired element are accelerated using the mask so that the structure of a predetermined region is changed. Thereafter the doped region or the region not doped is etched and removed.

Abstract: An improvement in optical remote-control apparatus which comprises a light-beam transmitter and a light-receiver, wherein the improvement is that a light-scattering (i.e., light-diffusing) plate having a suitable area is provided in front of the light-receiver, so that the aiming tolerance of the light-beam transmitter becomes broader, enabling easy remote-control.