Abstract: The present invention concerns a freezer segment for a freezer of the type used for casting confectionery in molds which are cooled for freezing and subsequently supplied with heat for a short period, whereafter stripping occurs. Cooling of the molds is effected by using direct evaporation of CO2. The advantage of such a freezer segment is that there is no use for both a primary and a secondary cooling circuit. Another advantage in using a system according to the invention is that working with temperatures down to about minus 50° C. is enabled, compared to about minus 40° C. with brine systems. The low freezing temperature entails that the capacity of a given system is increased by about 40%.

Abstract: The invention relates to catalytically active components for thermal ionization detectors for the detection of compounds containing halogen which have an improved structure as well as to a manufacturing method for an oxide ceramic sintering material for the components. It is the object of the invention to manufacture catalytically active components for thermal ionization detectors for gas chromatographic applications which are thermally, mechanically and chemically stable in the long term and which have increased sensitivity to the materials to be detected. In this respect, the sintering material should be adjustable in a controllable manner in the ideal parameter required for the detector. It is proposed in accordance with the invention to use an oxide ceramic sintering material for the components which comprises a crystalline phase and an amorphous glass phase, with it being essential to the invention that the amorphous glass phase is formed with 0.1 to 20% by weight of a cesium compound.

Abstract: A gastro-retentive drug delivery system for controlled release of drugs in the stomach or upper gastro-intestinal track provides one or more polymers that hydrate and swell to immobilize the drug in situ in a protective, degradable envelope or cocoon. In one embodiment, oppositely charged polyelectroytes are admixed with the drug and filled in a capsule having a dissolution profile in stomach acid at body temperature. The dissolution profile of the capsule promotes formation of a poyelectrolyte gel complex. The gel complex increases retention time of the drug and reduces dosing requirements, increases absorption, reduces dose-dependent side effects, and provides reproducible, time-controlled drug residence in the GI tract.

Abstract: The invention relates to stackable high-temperature fuel cells which are combined to form so-called fuel cell stacks and also can be connected to each other electrically conductively in series and/or in parallel. According to the set object, such high-temperature fuel cells are intended to form an electrically conductive connection between a cathode and an interconnector which, even at temperatures above 800° C. and also in the oxidising atmosphere prevailing during operation of fuel cells, have a sufficiently high electrical conductivity, a chemically and mechanically adequate strength or stability. The high-temperature fuel cells according to the invention are connected, on the anode-side, to a fuel supply and, on the cathode-side, to an oxidant supply. The cathode is connected electrically conductively by means of at least one resilient contact element to an interconnector.

Abstract: The invention relates to catalytically active components for thermal ionization detectors for the detection of compounds containing halogen which have an improved structure as well as to a manufacturing method for an oxide ceramic sintering material for the components. It is the object of the invention to manufacture catalytically active components for thermal ionization detectors for gas chromatographic applications which are thermally, mechanically and chemically stable in the long term and which have increased sensitivity to the materials to be detected. In this respect, the sintering material should be adjustable in a controllable manner in the ideal parameter required for the detector. It is proposed in accordance with the invention to use an oxide ceramic sintering material for the components which comprises a crystalline phase and an amorphous glass phase, with it being essential to the invention that the amorphous glass phase is formed with 0.1 to 20% by weight of a cesium compound.

Abstract: A planar fuel cell unit on which a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit (CEA unit), a gas distributor element, inner contacting elements, sealing elements, and an interconnector. The interconnector is formed by a CEA mounting element, a base plate, and a gas distributor element. The CEA mounting element and the base plate are embodied as sheet metal parts that form two shells of a housing and enclose the gas distributor element in a gas-tight manner. Webs that are made of an electrically conductive material are applied to/configured on an external surface of the base plate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a freezer segment for a freezer of the type used for casting confectionery in moulds which are cooled for freezing and subsequently supplied with heat for a short period, whereafter stripping occurs. Cooling of the moulds is effected by using direct evaporation of CO2. The advantage of such a freezer segment is that there is no use for both a primary and a secondary cooling circuit. Another advantage in using a system according to the invention is that working with temperatures down to about minus 50° C. is enabled, compared to about minus 40° C. with brine systems. The low freezing temperature entails that the capacity of a given system is increased by about 40%.

Abstract: The invention relates to stackable high-temperature fuel cells which are combined to form so-called fuel cell stacks and also can be connected to each other electrically conductively in series and/or in parallel. According to the set object, such high-temperature fuel cells are intended to form an electrically conductive connection between a cathode and an interconnector which, even at temperatures above 800° C. and also in the oxidising atmosphere prevailing during operation of fuel cells, have a sufficiently high electrical conductivity, a chemically and mechanically adequate strength or stability. The high-temperature fuel cells according to the invention are connected, on the anode-side, to a fuel supply and, on the cathode-side, to an oxidant supply. The cathode is connected electrically conductively by means of at least one resilient contact element to an interconnector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a planar fuel cell unit comprising a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit (KEA unit, 100), a gas distributor element (400), inner contacting elements, sealing elements (600, 700), and an interconnector. The interconnector is formed by a KEA fixing element (200), a base plate (300), and a gas distributor element (400). The KEA fixing element (200) and the base plate (300) are embodied as sheet metal parts that form two shells of a housing and enclose the gas distributor element (400) in a gas-tight manner. Webs (500) that are made of an electrically conductive material are applied to/configured on an external surface of the base plate.

Abstract: A refractory ceramic plate and an accompanying wall structure for an incinerator, such as a garbage incinerator. The refractory ceramic plate has at least two recesses arranged on a main surface of the plate, wherein a blind hole runs from each recess to the interior of the plate. The wall structure features a furnace wall, in which numerous pipes spaced apart from each other, through which a fluid can flow, are arranged. Anchors are secured to sections of the furnace wall with one end, and project essentially perpendicularly from the furnace wall. A hollow space is formed between the furnace wall and the refractory ceramic plates spaced parallel apart from the furnace wall. Joints are formed between boundary regions of the refractory ceramic plates on main surfaces thereof, facing the furnace wall. The anchors lie in the joints, with free ends embedded in a heat-resistant filling. A heat-resistant, deformable compensating layer is provided in the joint area between adjacent plates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a refractory ceramic plate and an accompanying wall structure for an incinerator, for example a garbage incinerator.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adhesive stick having a plunger anchoring the stick composition and a sleeve surrounding the stick composition, in which the propelling device for the upward and downward moving of the stick composition, which device at the same time serves as the actuating element, is formed together with the sleeve and the plunger as a one-part injection moulding. This propelling and actuating element (1) is designed in the form of a plate and is provided with lateral reinforcing webs (2) and is bonded on both sides to the plunger plate (0); it has at the vertex a pressure plate (3). Anchorage elements for the stick composition on the plunger plate (0) are designed in the form of bristles (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a catalyst which contains palladium and/or compounds thereof and alkali metal compounds, and additionally cadmium compounds and/or gold and/or compounds thereof, on support particles which have been pressed from SiO.sub.2 or an iO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 mixture with the aid of a binder which comprisesa) washing the roasted support particles with an acid which does not react with SiO.sub.2 or SiO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 mixtures, until no further cations of the binder employed during pressing of the support particles are released from the support particles;b) then impregnating the support particles with palladium, and gold or cadmium;c) then bringing the impregnated support particles into contact with a solution of a base at least until the thickness of the nobel metal shell generated in this way on the support particles no longer changes substantially; andd) then impregnating the support particles with an alkali metal compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for making a catalyst which contains palladium and/or its compounds and, if desired, additionally gold and/or gold compounds and which contains as activators alkali metal compounds and, if desired, additionally cadmium compounds on a support which is composed of SiO.sub.2 or an SiO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 mixture having a surface area of 50-250 m.sup.2 /g and a pore volume of 0.4-1.2 ml/g and whose particles have a particle size of 4 to 9 mm, 5 to 20% of the pore volume of the support being formed of pores having radii of 200 to 3000 .ANG. and 50 to 90% of the pore volume being formed of pores having radii of 70 to 100 .ANG.. The support particles are compressed with the aid of an Li, Mg, Al, Zn or Mn salt of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 carboxylic acid or a mixture of such salts as binder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the isolation of vinyl acetate which involves not combining the bottom product of the recylced gas washings with the water-saturated vinyl acetate but rather introducing it to further multiple distillation columns from the gas mixture formed in the reaction of ethylene with acetic acid and oxygen over catalysts containing palladium or palladium compounds in the gas phase.

Abstract: A dispenser has an outlet nozzle which is reversibly movable by rotation of a control cap from a first extended position, in which adhesives is dispensed as a series of fine spots, to a second retracted position in which adhesive is dispensed as a film using the flat upper surface of the control cap as a spreading tool. The base of the nozzle is joined to the walls of the dispenser by a flexible membrane. The control cap is provided with a centrally located hole, in the flat upper surface, through which the nozzle can protrude, and an internal coaxial sleeve which surrounds the nozzle. The latter is provided with a locating stud which cooperates with a screw groove in the inner surface of the sleeve so that manual rotation of the control cap causes the stud to travel along the groove, thereby causing the nozzle to move between the first and second positions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for isomerizing monochlorotoluenes or dichlorotoluenes on a zirconium-containing zeolite catalyst of the Pentasil type. Catalysts of this type are distinguished by a particularly high activity coupled with a long service life. In particular, the invention relates to the preparation of a mixture 3-chlorotoluene and 4-chlorotoluene by isomerizing 2-chlorotoluene on zircoium-containing zeolite catalysts of the Pentasil type.The invention also relates to the preparation of a mixture of 2,5-dichlorotoluene and 3,4-dichlorotoluene by appropriate isomerization of 2,4-dichlorotoluene, and to the preparation of a mixture of 2,4-dichlorotoluene and 2,5-dichlorotoluene by appropriate isomerization of 3,4-dichlorotoluene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of vinyl acetate in the gas phase from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen or oxygen-containing gases on a catalyst which contains palladium and/or compounds thereof and if appropriate additionally gold and/or gold compounds and, as activators, alkali metal compounds and if appropriate additionally cadmium compounds, on a support. The support consists of cylindrical particles with curved front faces. The support material is aerogenic SiO.sub.2 or an aerogenic SiO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 mixture having a surface area of 50-250 m.sup.2 /g and a pore volume of 0.4-1.2 ml/g, which is formed to the extent of at least 50% by pores having a diameter of 50-200 .ANG..

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for isomerizing alkylthiophenes on zeolite catalysts. In particular, methylthiophene and ethylthiophene can be isomerized by this process. Suitable zeolites are in particular synthetic zeolites of the pentasil, mordenite of faujasite type in their acid form.