Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to sidelink positioning. In examples of the disclosure a UE is configured to determine Discontinuous Reception (DRX) assistance information for sidelink positioning. The DRX assistance information comprises information indicative of a DRX configuration information for one or more target UEs. The UE can then enable transmission of the DRX assistance information to one or more candidate anchor UEs.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to handling wake up signaling. According to example embodiments of the present disclosure, an apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform operations comprising: sending, to a network node, a request for wake-up signal support; and receiving, from a user device, a wake-up signal.

Abstract: Aspects and embodiments relate generally to mechanisms to support power saving in a wireless communication network and more particularly to supporting discontinuous reception of a wake-up signal receiver at an apparatus comprising a wake-up signal receiver and a main radio receiver. One aspect provides an apparatus, comprising: a main radio receiver; a wake-up signal receiver; and a timer. The wake-up signal receiver comprises: circuitry configured to receive at least a portion of a broadcast message; circuitry configured to evaluate the received portion of the broadcast message to determine a time marker; and circuitry configured to provide the time marker to the timer. The apparatus may comprise a UE and may therefore be configured to align internal time keeping with the time keeping of a network, thus allowing discontinuous reception and associated energy savings, without transmission of additional specific synchronisation messaging by a network.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods to support power saving in a wireless communication network and more particularly to support discontinuous reception of a wake-up signal receiver at an apparatus comprising a wake-up signal receiver and a main radio receiver are outlined. One aspect provides an apparatus comprising a wake-up signal receiver; a main radio receiver; means for determining that the wake-up signal receiver is a candidate to implement discontinuous reception; means for assessing a signal received by the apparatus from a transmitting network node; and means for requesting, based upon the assessment of the signal received, transmission of a timing synchronisation beacon to support implementation of discontinuous reception by the wake-up signal receiver from at least one transmitting network node. Requesting a beacon allows a transmitting network to assess whether use of power and radio resource to support such a beacon is appropriate.

Abstract: In some examples, user equipment comprises a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, the memory configured to store program code executable by the processor, the program code comprising one or more instructions, whereby to cause the user equipment to measure a parameter associated with a radio coverage of a network node for the user equipment, on the basis of the value of the parameter, transmit information to the network node representing a reception status of a wake-up receiver of the user equipment, and on the basis of the reception status of the wake-up receiver of the user equipment monitor a selected paging signal from one of multiple paging signals transmitted by the network node.

Abstract: Various example embodiments relate to secondary cell (SCell) preparation. An apparatus may receive, from a base station, a wake-up signal for activating means, of the apparatus, for bidirectional communication and determine, based on the wake-up signal, at least one candidate cell or carrier for a secondary cell for communication between the means for bidirectional communication and the base station. Apparatuses and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a simple and power-efficient procedure that allows using wake-up signaling in inter-cell mobility scenarios. The procedure is based on configuring a Wake-Up Signal (WUS) Beacon Occasion (WBO) for each Tracking Area (TA) of a user device. A WUS beacon corresponding to each cell in the TA is transmitted once at a cell-specific time offset within the WBO. The WBO is configured together with a mapping table that maps each of the cell-specific time offsets to cell-specific information. The cell-specific information may comprise a cell ID and/or an indicator of a cell-specific frequency and/or cell-specific frequency range to be used for synchronization signal reception (e.g., Global Synchronization Channel Number (GSCN)). Each TA comprises intra-frequency cells only. By using the WBO, the user device may reduce its power consumption by avoiding switching from its sleep state to its active state when doing cell reselections in the TA.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising receiving, from an access node, instructions regarding receiving a signal, wherein the signal is for activating radio resources, wherein the radio resources comprise at least one of the following: monitoring of a downlink channel or monitoring of a second downlink signal or transmitting of an uplink channel or transmitting of an uplink signal, obtaining a selection that indicates a type according to which the signal is to be received, determining, based on the instructions, resources assigned for the signal, wherein the resources comprise at least time and frequency resources, periodicity and code resources, receiving the signal, in accordance with the type, by detecting the signal from the resources assigned to the signal, and in response to receiving the signal, activating the radio resources.

Abstract: There is provided apparatus for a transmitting device, the apparatus including: a first and a second up-converter circuit; a first and a second local oscillator; a first and a second antenna, wherein the first up-converter circuit includes the first local oscillator, and the second up-converter circuit includes the second local oscillator, wherein the first and the second local oscillators are configured to generate different frequency signals from each other. Each of the first and the second up-converter circuits are configured to: obtain a first signal for transmission; increase the frequency of the first signal using the first and the second local oscillators respectively; and provide the increased frequency first signal to the first and the second antennas respectively, for transmission.

Abstract: User equipment (UE) may be provided that includes means for: reporting at least one candidate CSI beam index to a network to avoid and/or mitigate a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) event; wherein the user equipment associates at least one candidate antenna of the user equipment to the at least one candidate CSI beam index. An apparatus may also be provided that includes means for: creating a first mapping of antennas to downlink path delay intervals using a wider beam downlink reference signal; creating a second mapping of downlink path delay intervals to downlink spatial filters using different narrower beam reference signals; and controlling the selection of an antenna based on second mapping.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for: determining orientation of the apparatus; receiving reference signals of a non-serving cell; measuring signal quality of the non-serving cell for a beam that is used for the serving cell; determining based on the orientation of the apparatus a first antenna gain index for the non-serving cell with said beam in response to adding the non-serving cell as a secondary cell in multi-carrier connectivity with a serving cell using the same antenna configuration for shaping an antenna beam that provides a spatial filter; and transmitting to a base station of the serving cell in-formation on said determined first an-tenna gain.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: a switching arrangement configured to split an antenna array panel, comprising an array of antenna elements, to provide a first part for a first downlink beam from a first transmitter and a second part for a second downlink beam from a second transmitter, wherein the first downlink beam and the second downlink beam have independent directions; and the switching arrangement being configured to enable inter-band carrier aggregation at receiver circuitry using a first component carrier received at the first part of the antenna array panel via the first downlink beam and a second component carrier received at the second part of the antenna array panel via the second downlink beam.

Abstract: An apparatus such as a user equipment configured to support an irregular bandwidth signal. The apparatus comprising multiple means for frequency translating a wireless communication signal in a frequency bandwidth that is different to a predefined bandwidth and for filtering said frequency translated wireless communication signals. Means for adjusting a centre frequency used by the multiple means for frequency translating; and control means.

Abstract: A relay discovery may be performed by apparatuses acting as relay nodes sending first messages indicating existence of a relay capable node and user nodes monitoring the first messages. However, the relay nodes are configured to monitor broadcasted second messages, a second message being broadcasted by a user node that has determined it has a lack of sufficiency of link redundancy. The second message indicates a fast link discovery request for sidelink communications with service of quality requirements.

Abstract: A method includes determining an initial activity timing for a user device for each of a plurality of signal sources, wherein the activity timing for the user device with respect to a signal source indicates a timing of a user device activity that should be performed by the user device with respect to the signal source; and determining an adjusted activity timing for the user device for at least one of the plurality of signal sources, such that a time order of a user device activity performed by the user device for the plurality of signal sources are arranged in time for the user device based on a length of an activity period for the plurality of signal sources, wherein the activity period for a signal source includes a time period between successive user device activities for a signal source. Other example embodiments are provided.

Abstract: A method comprises causing communication with a first network using at least a part of at least one first frequency band. The communication with the first network is associated with a first identity. The method comprises causing a first message to be transmitted to a second network. The communication with the second network is associated with a second, different identity. The message comprises information indicating the at least a part of at least one first frequency band.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for communication in non-terrestrial networks are disclosed. A set of Doppler shift curves for different distances to one or more satellite orbits is obtained. Measurements of satellite transmission are performed to obtain estimate of instantaneous Doppler shift of the transmission, the measurements including a timestamp. A Doppler shift curve corresponding to the measurements is calculated. A time offset on the selected curve is determined utilising the timestamps of the measurements, the time offset indicating the position of the Doppler shift of the apparatus on the curve. The Doppler shift of the satellite transmission is determined utilising the selected curve and the time offset.

Abstract: A relay discovery may be performed by apparatuses acting as relay nodes sending first messages indicating existence of a relay capable node and user nodes monitoring the first messages. However, the relay nodes are configured to monitor broadcasted second messages, a second message being broadcasted by a user node that has determined it has a lack of sufficiency of link redundancy. The second message indicates a fast link discovery request for sidelink communications with service of quality requirements.

Abstract: A communication apparatus (101, 1500) comprising a plurality of antenna panels (1513a, 1513b, 1513c, 1513d) is described. The apparatus comprises means for determining (302) whether a chained network deployment of cells (103-108) exists along a path (102) of said apparatus; means for selecting (304), in case said determination is positive, a neighbor cell (104) expected along said path; means for selecting (305), in case said determination is positive, an antenna panel of said plurality of antenna panels as a function of an information representative of a direction of motion of said communication apparatus along said path; and means for detecting (306) said expected neighbor cell using said antenna panel. Methods and base stations are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for communication in non-terrestrial networks are disclosed. A set of Doppler shift curves for different distances to one or more satellite orbits is obtained. Measurements of satellite transmission are performed to obtain estimate of instantaneous Doppler shift of the transmission, the measurements including a timestamp. A Doppler shift curve corresponding to the measurements is calculated. A time offset on the selected curve is determined utilising the timestamps of the measurements, the time offset indicating the position of the Doppler shift of the apparatus on the curve.