Abstract: A process for the preparation of creatine or creatine monohydrate by reaction of sodium or potassium sarcosinate with cyanamide at a temperature from 20 to 150° C. and a pH from 7.0 to 14.0 comprises carrying out the pH adjustment with carbonic acid.

Abstract: A process for producing solid creatine-containing dosage forms, wherein a) a mixture which comprises at least one thermoplastic, physiologically tolerated, water-soluble or water-swellable polymeric binder and creatine, and contains 1 to 20 mol of water per mol of creatine is prepared, b) the mixture is plasticated at or above the softening point of the polymeric binder, preferably with at least partial evaporation of the water, c) the plasticated mixture is shaped to dosage forms and cooled.

Abstract: A process for preparing guanidine derivatives, in particular creatine, is described and entails continuously combining a cyanamide derivative and a primary or secondary amine in the presence of crystals of the guanidine derivative.

Abstract: A process for purifying creatine is described in which the creatine to be purified in the form free of water of crystallization is introduced into a saturated aqueous solution of creatine monohydrate, in which the creatine free of water of crystallization is dissolved with hydration, crystals of creatine monohydrate precipitate from the aqueous solution and these are separated off from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process for producing solid creatine-containing dosage forms, wherein

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an O-alkylisourea of the formula I, where R1 is C1- to C20-alkyl, in the form of an acid addition salt, in which urea and an alkyl-transferring reagent, if required dissolved or suspended in a diluent, are reacted at 40-200° C. in a continuously operated reactor, is described. The diluent is preferably a recycled part-stream of the O-alkylisourea acid addition salt obtained.

Abstract: Substance mixtures comprising (A) vinyl-containing compounds, (B) an active amount of a mixture inhibiting the premature polymerization of the vinyl-containing compounds, comprising (i) at least one N-oxyl compound of a secondary amine which carries no hydrogen atoms on the &agr;-C atoms, and (ii) at least one iron compound, (C) if appropriate nitro compounds, and (D) if appropriate costabilizers, a process for inhibiting the premature polymerization of vinyl-containing compounds (A) and the use of mixture (B), if appropriate as a mixture with nitro compounds (C) and/or costabilizers (D), for inhibiting the premature polymerization of free radical polymerizable compounds and for stabilizing organic materials against the damaging action of free radicals.

Abstract: A process for preparing guanidine derivatives, in particular creatine, is described and entails an O-alkylisourea salt and a primary or secondary amine being reacted in the presence of crystals of a guanidine derivative.

Abstract: Liquid or solid mixtures of low-salt sulfo-containing 1:2 metal complex dyes and poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone or copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate are especially useful for dyeing paper and wood and also for dyeing and finishing leather and fur.

Abstract: Useful ureas have the formula ##STR1##

Abstract: Methine dyes with a polyketo group I ##STR1## where A is ##STR2## R.sup.1 is a 5- or 6-membered cycloaliphatic radical which contains one or two hetero atoms from the group --NR.sup.4 --, --O-- and --S-- and which may be fused to an isoaromatic or heteroaromatic group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl groups or together one of the radicals R.sup.1, and m and n are identical or different integers from 0 to 3, are useful as drugs, for producing singlet oxygen, as sensitizers in electrophotographic layers and for photopolymerizations and as laser light sensitive dyes in optical recording media; also novel triketo- and tetraketomethine dyes.

Abstract: Oxamides useful as dye intermediates have the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently of each other hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl,X is hydroxyl, nitro or a radical of the formula --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4, where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkanoyl and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl,Z is C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted phenylene or substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene, or X--Z and R.sup.1 are, together with the nitrogen atom joining them together, the radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is as defined above,L is a bridge member andY is vinyl or a radical of the formula --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --A, where A is hydroxyl or a group which is detachable under alkaline reaction conditions.

Abstract: Reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## where n is 1 or 2,X is a six-membered halogen-containing nitrogen heterocycle,L.sup.1, depending on n, is fluorine, chlorine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, phenoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or a bridge member which has one or two hydroxysulfonyl groups,D is the radical of a diazo component of the aniline or naphthalene series which has at least one hydroxysulfonyl group,L.sup.2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl,L.sup.3 is the cationic radical of an aromatic heterocycle which is linked to the pyridone ring via a nitrogen atom, andL.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,with the proviso that the number of hydroxysulfonyl groups in the molecule exceeds that of the cationic groups by at least one, are useful for dyeing and printing hydroxyl- or nitrogen-containing substrates.

Abstract: Cycloalkylidene dyes have the formula ##STR1## where m is 0 or 1,L is a chemical bond or C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkylene, which may be substituted,R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, which may be phenyl-substituted, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl,Y is oxygen or two hydrogens,X.sup.1 is oxygen andX.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkanoyloxy, substituted or unsubstituted benzoyloxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -trialkylsilyloxy or a radical of the formula OR.sup.1 or NR.sup.2 R.sup.3, where R.sup.1 is as defined above and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and each is independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, which may be phenyl-substituted, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, or C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the nitrogen atom joining them are saturated heterocyclyl, or else one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, or X.sup.1 and X.sup.