Abstract: A one-block extracting section extracts a pixel block from an input image signal. An area judging section calculates characteristic quantities such as variance information, histogram information and dynamic range information, and judges whether the pixel block is photographic or text-like based on the characteristic quantities. A photographic pixel block is coded by a transform coding section, and a text-like pixel block is coded by a block truncation coding section.

Abstract: Input sound information is converted to digital sound data, and characteristic parameter values are extracted from the digital sound data. Based on the characteristic parameter values, a judging unit produces a judgement result indicating whether the current section is a significant or insignificant section and its continuation length. If the continuation length is shorter than the predetermined length, a correcting unit reverses the judgment of whether the current section is a significant or insignificant section and sums up the continuation length of the current section and continuation lengths of the adjacent sections, to thereby produce a single section data.

Abstract: An image coding device capable of securely controlling a total code amount to a fixed amount in coding image data including a character image region and a natural image region mixed together.

Abstract: An image communication system wherein transmission of an image between an image transmission apparatus and an image reception apparatus which include image output sections having different performances can be performed without making an inquiry for the performance prior to transmission is disclosed. An image is inputted by an image input section and sent to a hierarchization section in the image transmission apparatus. The hierarchization section converts the inputted image into and transmits hierarchized data to a selection section of the image reception apparatus. The selection section extracts only necessary ones of the data transmitted thereto in accordance with the performance of an image output section of the image reception section and then sends the necessary data to the image output section after, if necessary, they are converted into image data. The image output section visualize the image data transmitted thereto from the selection section.

Abstract: A block boundary information analyzing circuit extracts block boundary information from an input image signal. A blocking circuit divides the input image signal into block images while changing block boundary positions based on the block boundary information every time a coding operation is performed. A discrete cosine transform coder codes the respective block images. A block boundary information adding circuit adds boundary information to the coded image information.

Abstract: An image encoding device. The image encoding device divides the image into blocks, analyzes each block, truncates the block and determines an order using approximate points, quantizes the image data along the order determined in the truncation step, an encodes the data. Processing images with parameters along a determined order permits high quality encoded images within a limited amount of data.

Abstract: An input image is divided into blocks each represented by n.times.n matrix X, and then X.sup.T X is calculated. Singular values of X that are positive square roots of eigenvalues of X.sup.T X and first singular vectors that are normalized eigenvectors of X.sup.T X are calculated by, for instance, the Jacobi method. Second singular vectors that are normalized eigenvectors of XX.sup.T are calculated analytically using the singular values and the first singular vectors. The singular values and the first and second singular vectors thus calculated are coded.

Abstract: An image signal analyzing system for analyzing a pattern of an image on the basis of the waveforms of the image signals. The system includes a block extracting section for sampling an image signal and dividing the sampled image signal into input pixel blocks each consisting of m.times.n pixels (m and n are positive integers), a mean value separating section for subtracting a mean value from each pixel in the pixel block, a first analyzing section for analyzing a feature quantity of the direction of the tone variation of a mean-value separated block obtained from the mean value separating section, a second analyzing section for analyzing a feature quantity of the direction of amplitude of the mean-value separated block, and a judging section for judging a feature of waveform of the input pixel block on the basis of the analysis results of the first analyzing section and the second analyzing section.

Abstract: Apparatus for encoding an image signal which is capable of improving the quality of a reproduced image with respect to not only a general image in which electric power is concentrated in low-frequency region coefficients but also an image where the electric power is concentrated in a high-frequency region. The apparatus comprises a blocking device in which a rectangular area in an image is detected from a digital image signal as a pixel block, and is subjected to an orthogonal transform by a converter to obtain a transformed coefficient. In addition, an activity calculator calculates the variance of the image within the block, and electric power to be preserved during encoding is determined by a power-preservation-rate determining device on the basis of the variance determined.

Abstract: An image coding device for coding an input image of multi-level. In the image coding device, an input multi-level image is analyzed by an image analyzing portion, and update information to be used when a probability estimation value is generated is generated by an update value determining portion on the basis of adjoining pixel information as a result of the analysis by the image analyzing portion. Further, a probability estimation value is generated by a probability estimating portion on the basis of the update information generated by the update value determining portion and the result of the analysis by the image analyzing portion, and the input multi-level image is arithmetically coded by a code word generating portion on the basis of the probability estimation value generated by the probability estimating portion.

Abstract: An image signal coding device capable of attaining a high-speed coding operation without increasing a circuit scale. The image signal coding device includes a DCT section for performing two-dimensional orthogonal transform to each of plural pixel blocks obtained by dividing an image signal to generate a transform coefficient, a linear quantization section for linearly quantizing the transform coefficient by using given quantization characteristics to generate a quantized coefficient, and a variable length coding section for performing variable length coding to the quantized coefficient to generate code data. The image signal coding device further includes an effective region holding section for holding region information including a range of the transform coefficient to be linearly quantized by the linear quantization section and a range of the quantized coefficient to be coded by the variable length coding section.

Abstract: The order of pixel data is converted on a frame-by-frame basis to produce a prescribed combination of pixel data. To construct frames, sequence numbers representing the order of the frames are attached to respective frame data each composed of a plurality of pixel data thus produced. The frames thus constructed are transmitted to the transmission line. On the receiving side, the sequence numbers of the frames received from the transmission line are checked to detect a missing frame. Pixel data of the missing frame is replaced by those of a frame having a sequence number immediately before that of the missing frame. An image is reconstructed by inversely converting the order of the pixel data which include the replaced pixel data.

Abstract: An image signal is divided into pixel blocks, each of which is subjected to orthogonal transform to be converted to transform coefficients. The transform coefficients are divided by respective thresholds set as a quantization matrix to become quantized coefficients. Coding symbols are constructed from the quantized coefficients using a coding symbol table which includes additional coding symbols corresponding to adaptive coding operations. The coding symbols are entropy-coded to become coded information. One of the adaptive coding operations is effected in accordance with identification information that is produced in accordance with a statistical parameter of the pixel blocks. The transform and quantizing operations are stopped during a block run, and after the end of the block run a coding symbol corresponding to the block-run detection is coded.

Abstract: A digital signal processor having a DMA controller adapted for image processing while transmitting data between an internal memory and an external memory. The DMA controller includes a frame horizontal size register for representing a horizontal size of a two dimensional address space and block horizontal size register for representing a horizontal size of a rectangular portion in the two dimensional address space with a block address register for indicating a head address of source area, an internal memory start address register for representing a head address of destination area, and a word register. An address calculation unit in the DMA controller generates addresses based on two horizontal size register. An external data memory connecting unit in DSP for connecting the internal memory and the external memory has two modes. One is a mode of outputting an address in two machine cycles, and the other is a mode of outputting an address in one machine cycle.

Abstract: An image signal analyzing system capable of accomplishing shape analysis for processing or coding an image with easy, by space division using two orthogonal representative vectors, or by differential representative vectors given by the difference between representative vectors. With such a system, inner products between mean separated blocks produced by a mean separated unit and a differential representative vector set stored in a memory in advance are computed by inner product computing unit disposed into a binary tree shape having n stages. Positive/negative signs expressing resulting inner products in the respective stages of the binary tree computed by the inner product computing unit are held, as indexes, by n index holding means sequentially, and an index representing the shape of input image information is obtained from the n indexes held by the index holding unit.

Abstract: An image coding method by which accurate code amount control can be performed without the necessity of recursive processing.

Abstract: A moving picture scene detection system for detecting a distinctive scene from moving picture data. In the system, the attribute data of the coded data stored in a data storing unit is decoded by a attribute data decoding unit, to produce the decoded attribute data. A distinctive candidate scene in the moving pictures is detected by a candidate scene detecting unit on the basis of the decoded attribute data. The candidate scene and the image data for several frames preceding and subsequent to the candidate scene are decoded by an image data decoding unit, and displayed by an image data display unit. The type of the candidate scene and the position thereof in the moving pictures are stored in the data storing unit as edit data.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image signal processing apparatus in which the position of an input image can be corrected easily irrespective of the shape of the input image by use of attribute information obtained from image information. Image information read by an image information reading unit is stored in an image information storage unit, and rectangular blocks are extracted sequentially from the image information by a block extracting unit. Shapes of images in the extracted blocks are analyzed by a block shape analyzing unit, and the analyzed block shapes are stored in a block shape storage unit. An image signal from the image information storage unit is displayed on an image signal display unit, and the analyzed block shapes from the block shape storage unit are displayed on another display unit.

Abstract: A .[.substrate.]. .Iadd.sub-rate .Iaddend.multimedia data transmission control system in which transmission frame bits set in a unit of a transmission frame having a repeating cycle of 8 KHz according to the present invention enables it to effect a realtime multiplexed bit allocation in the 8 kbps unit in a variable fashion such that an automatic matching of a transmission frame is achieved at an initiation of a transmission and error check bits of the error correction code are contained in a transmission frame with a satisfactory matching. In addition, the multiframe configuration according to the present invention enables it to handle in an integrated fashion the synchronizations of the voice data frame, the error correction frame, and the video data packet, which as a result minimizes the size of the buffer memories disposed to send and/or to receive motion video and which enables the transmission speed smoothing operation to be accomplished in a simple configuration through an easy control.

Abstract: An interframe video data coding and decoding apparatus utilizes a differential amplitude suppression circuit in combination with a block encoder and a motion detector to non-linearly suppress amplitude values of interframe differential block data based on a motion detection threshold value determined by an encoding control circuit. The determined threshold value is based on the amount of encoded data being stored in a transmission buffer memory. The suppressed amplitude differential block data is added to corresponding blocks in a frame memory to update the contents of the frame memory during each frame of input video data. In another embodiment, vector quantization encoders are utilized to transmit a motion vector index with encoded frame differential data.