Abstract: A first packaging material includes at least one layer located in both a first region and a second region. A second packaging material includes at least one layer located in both the first region and the second region. An outline of a communication part that extends from the hole to the outer edge of the pouch includes a first line and a second line. The communication part includes a first portion and a second portion. The first position includes a portion where the first line and the second line have a spacing from each other that decreases with increasing distance from the outer edge of the pouch toward the hole. The second portion is located between the first portion and the hole, and includes a portion where the first line and the second line have a spacing from each other of less than or equal to 2.0 mm.

Abstract: To provide a light-shielding barrier laminate with excellent gas barrier properties and light-shielding properties. A light-shielding barrier laminate comprising a light-shielding sealant film laminated on a transparent gas barrier film, having an inorganic oxide vapor deposition film formed on one side of a transparent resin film, on the side on which the inorganic oxide vapor deposition film has been formed, via an adhesive layer, the light-shielding sealant film being a film having an aluminum vapor deposition film formed on one side of a heat-sealable resin film, the side on which the aluminum vapor deposition film is formed being laminated so as to face the adhesive layer.

Abstract: There is provided a polyethylene film and a laminate which can be used to produce a package having high heat resistance, strength and recycling suitability, as an alternative to laminated films conventionally used for a package. The polyethylene film according to the present invention is irradiated with an electron beam on its only one side, wherein crosslink densities in the polyethylene are different between the side irradiated with an electron beam and the other side not irradiated with an electron beam.

Abstract: To provide a light-shielding barrier laminate with excellent gas barrier properties and light-shielding properties. A light-shielding barrier laminate comprising a light-shielding sealant film laminated on a transparent gas barrier film, having an inorganic oxide vapor deposition film formed on one side of a transparent resin film, on the side on which the inorganic oxide vapor deposition film has been formed, via an adhesive layer, the light-shielding sealant film being a film having an aluminum vapor deposition film formed on one side of a heat-sealable resin film, the side on which the aluminum vapor deposition film is formed being laminated so as to face the adhesive layer.

Abstract: An anti-dazzling laminate made of an optical laminate including a light transparent base material and an anti-dazzling layer having a concavoconvex shape provided on the material. The laminate simultaneously satisfies formulae: 0?G100?15 (I), 0.1?Hs?5.0 (II), 0.3?Rz?1.8 (III) wherein G100 represents a scintillation value which is a standard deviation of a variation in brightness distribution at a resolution of 100 ppi measured on the surface of the laminate; Hs represents the surface haze value of the laminate; and Rz represents the average roughness of the concavoconvex shape of the anti-dazzling layer.

Abstract: An optical laminate produced by a process for producing an anti-dazzling laminate comprising a light transparent base material and an anti-dazzling layer provided on the light transparent base material. The process includes providing the light transparent base material and forming the anti-dazzling layer having a concavoconvex shape on the light transparent base material, wherein the concavoconvex shape of the anti-dazzling layer satisfies the following requirements: Sm is not less than 100 ?m and not more than 600 ?m, ?a is not less than 0.1 degree and not more than 1.2 degrees, and Rz is more than 0.2 ?m and not more than 1 ?m, wherein Sm represents the average spacing of concavoconvexes or profile irregularities in the anti-dazzling layer; ?a represents the average inclination angle of the concavoconvexes or profile irregularities; and Rz represents the average roughness of the concavoconvexes or profile irregularities.

Abstract: There is provided an easily opened multilayer laminated package suitable for the field of flexible packaging, which has easy cuttability, heat resistance, high seal strength and drop impact resistance. A package to be used as a multilayer package, comprising a multilayer laminate body composed of a base layer and a sealant layer, wherein the value of the tear strength measured according to JIS K7128-2, when substituted into the formula (TD value)/(MD value), is such that (TD value)/(MD value)=1.5 or greater, and the value of the tear strength of the film used in the sealant layer is such that (TD value)/(MD value)=3 or greater.

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active fluorine-containing oxeten, the method being provided to include the steps of causing a fluorine-containing ?-ketoester and an internal alkyne to react with each other in the presence of a transition metal complex that has an optically active ligand.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing an optically active fluorinated oxetane, which can be an important pharmaceutical or agricultural intermediate, by reaction of a fluorinated ?-keto ester with an acyl alkenyl ether in the presence of a transition metal complex with an optically active ligand. This method utilizes a catalytic asymmetric synthesis process and does not require a stoichiometric amount of chiral source. It is thus possible to dramatically reduce the amount of use of the asymmetric catalyst especially when the reaction is performed at a high concentration of substrate (with the use of a small amount of reaction solvent) or in the absence of a reaction solvent (under neat conditions). Further, the target optically active fluorinated oxetane can be obtained with high yield and with very high optical purity. The product contains almost no difficult-to-separate impurity and shows high chemical purity.

Abstract: The solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention has a substrate (1); an electrolyte (3) that is disposed on one surface of the substrate (1); and at least one electrode element E having an anode (5) and a cathode (7) disposed on the same surface of the electrolyte (3) with a predetermined space therebetween.

Abstract: A polyvalent vinyl aromatic compound represented by chemical formula (4) is produced by reacting (1) a specific vinyl aromatic compound and (2) a specific vinyl compound in the presence of (3-1) a metal complex and (3-2) a percarboxylic acid or a hypervalent iodine compound so that a vinyl group derived from the vinyl compound is introduced onto a carbon atom that is adjacent to the carbon atom to which a vinyl group is bonded in the vinyl aromatic compound. (In the formula, Ar represents a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or the like; R1a represents a —CH2OC(?O)R4 group or the like; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R3 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; A represents an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, or the like; and n represents an integer of 1-m.

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active fluorine-containing oxeten, the method being provided to include the steps of causing a fluorine-containing ?-ketoester and an internal alkyne to react with each other in the presence of a transition metal complex that has an optically active ligand.

Abstract: An optical layered body including a light-transmitting substrate and an antiglare layer provided on the light-transmitting substrate. The antiglare layer has a surface roughness on the outermost surface. In the optical layered body, a mean spacing of tops of local peak of profile S is 0.045 mm or more and 0.10 mm or less determined by the procedure disclosed in the specification. The optical layered body can attain properties such as an antiglare property, scintillation prevention and black color reproducibility such as gloss blackness simultaneously.

Abstract: A method for producing an optical layered body which can attain properties such as an antiglare property, scintillation prevention and black color reproducibility such as gloss blackness simultaneously, and a production apparatus of the optical body are provided. The method includes forming an antiglare layer having a surface roughness on the light-transmitting substrate, wherein with respect to the surface roughness, when denoting a mean spacing of profile irregularities of the surface of the optical layered body by Sm, a mean inclination angle of profile irregularities by ?a, and mean roughness of the surface roughness by Rz, Sm is 50 ?m or more and less than 100 ?m, ?a is 0.1° or more and 1.0° or less, and Rz is more than 0.2 ?m and 1.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: An optical laminate produced by a process for producing an anti-dazzling laminate comprising a light transparent base material and an anti-dazzling layer provided on the light transparent base material. The process includes providing the light transparent base material and forming the anti-dazzling layer having a concavoconvex shape on the light transparent base material, wherein the concavoconvex shape of the anti-dazzling layer satisfies the following requirements: Sm is not less than 100 ?m and not more than 600 ?m, ?a is not less than 0.1 degree and not more than 1.2 degrees, and Rz is more than 0.2 ?m and not more than 1 ?m, wherein Sm represents the average spacing of concavoconvexes or profile irregularities in the anti-dazzling layer; ?a represents the average inclination angle of the concavoconvexes or profile irregularities; and Rz represents the average roughness of the concavoconvexes or profile irregularities.

Abstract: An optically active, fluorine-containing carbonyl-ene product is produced by reacting a fluorine-containing ?-ketoester with an alkene in the presence of a transition metal complex having an optically active ligand. There are Mode 1 of conducting this reaction in the absence of reaction solvent, Mode 2 of conducting this reaction in a solvent that is low in relative dielectric constant, and Mode 3 of conducting this reaction in a halogenated hydrocarbon-series solvent. In each of these three modes, it is possible to produce the optically active, fluorine-containing carbonyl-ene product with low cost.

Abstract: The solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention has a substrate (1); an electrolyte (3) that is disposed on one surface of the substrate (1); and at least one electrode element E having an anode (5) and a cathode (7) disposed on the same surface of the electrolyte (3) with a predetermined space therebetween.

Abstract: An optical laminate is provided which has anti-dazzling properties and can realize excellent glare preventive properties and black reproducibility (gradation rendering of black at low brightness). The optical laminate includes a light transparent base material and an anti-dazzling layer or a light diffusion layer provided on the light transparent base material, wherein the outermost surface of the anti-dazzling layer or light diffusion layer has a concavoconvex surface. The anti-dazzling layer satisfies the requirements that Sm is not less than 100 ?m and not more than 600 ?m, ?a is not less than 0.1 degree and not more than 1.2 degrees, and Rz is more than 0.2 ?m and not more than 1 ?m, wherein Sm represents the average spacing of concavoconvexes in the anti-dazzling layer, ?a represents the average inclination angle of the concavoconvexes, and Rz represents the average roughness of the concavoconvexes.

Abstract: An optical laminate is provided which has anti-dazzling properties and can realize excellent glare preventive properties and black reproducibility (gradation rendering of black at low brightness). The optical laminate includes a light transparent base material and an anti-dazzling layer or a light diffusion layer provided on the light transparent base material, wherein the outermost surface of the anti-dazzling layer or light diffusion layer has a concavoconvex surface. The anti-dazzling layer satisfies the requirements that Sm is not less than 100 ?m and not more than 600 ?m, ?a is not less than 0.1 degree and not more than 1.2 degrees, and Rz is more than 0.2 ?m and not more than 1 ?m, wherein Sm represents the average spacing of concavoconvexes in the anti-dazzling layer, ?a represents the average inclination angle of the concavoconvexes, and Rz represents the average roughness of the concavoconvexes.

Abstract: The solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention has a substrate (1); an electrolyte (3) that is disposed on one surface of the substrate (1); and at least one electrode element E having an anode (5) and a cathode (7) disposed on the same surface of the electrolyte (3) with a predetermined space therebetween.