Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information storage medium comprising a lead-in area, and a data area, wherein the lead-in area includes a control data zone storing physical format information which includes first information common to book types, second information peculiar to a book type, and third information peculiar to each kind of second information. The first information includes byte information indicating the book type and a version number, and the second information includes byte information indicating the major digit of a revision number and a disc indicator.

Abstract: A fuel injection controller (engine control ECU) controls a fuel injection mode of an engine having cylinder pressure sensors in all of four cylinders for measuring pressures in the cylinders. The controller measures a pressure (cylinder pressure) in the cylinder as an object cylinder (each of the four cylinders) based on an output of the corresponding cylinder pressure sensor when the fuel combustion is in progress in the object cylinder and the fuel to be used in the combustion is additionally injected and supplied to the same cylinder (e.g., when an after-injection is performed). The controller variably controls a command signal (i.e., pulse width) sent to the injector in relation to the target injection (the after-injection) on the basis of the measured cylinder pressure.

Abstract: A plurality of film substrates (2) having a bare chip (1) mounted on one side or both sides are joined into a laminated state by joint portions (3) and are attached to a motherboard (4) through junction by a joint portion (8) at a location off the mounting areas of the bare chips (1), thereby achieving a lower profile, higher lamination, and higher capacity.

Abstract: A stacked structure of semiconductor chips includes plural stacked semiconductor chips and plural tabular holding members which hold the respective semiconductor chips.

Abstract: An optical disc according to one aspect of this invention has a first field to record first version information, and a second field to record second version information obtained by updating the first version information.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a catalyst consisting of a mixed oxide having molybdenum, bismuth and iron used for preparing an unsaturated aldehyde and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid by catalytically oxidizing propylene, isobutylene and/or tert.-butanol with molecular oxygen in a gas phase, in which the catalyst is regenerated by thermally treating the deteriorated catalyst in an atmosphere of a gas containing molecular oxygen at a temperature of 200 to 500° C., and then thermally treating the catalyst in the presence of a reducing compound at a temperature of 200 to 500° C.

Abstract: A relay lens driving device provided in an optical head moves a relay lens in the direction of an optical axis thereof to correct a spherical aberration that may be caused by an error in the thickness of a cover layer of an optical disk. The relay lens driving mechanism has a lens to correct spherical aberrations, a lens holder which holds the lens, a first parallel plate spring which supports the lens holder at one end thereof, an intermediate member attached to the other end of the first parallel plate spring, a second parallel plate spring arranged to extend from the intermediate member to the lens holder to support the intermediate member at one end thereof, and a fixing member which fixes the other end of the second parallel plate spring.

Abstract: A pressure-reduction valve that returns fuel in a common rail to a low-pressure system is such one that a valve-opening pressure of the valve device is changed by an actuator into a target common rail pressure. Thus, when the actual common rail pressure in the common rail exceeds the target common rail pressure, the pressure-reduction valve opens at once. On the contrary, when the actual common rail pressure in the common rail decreases to reach the target common rail pressure, the pressure-reduction valve closes at once. Accordingly, the pressure-reduction valve limits an overshoot and an undershoot of the actual common rail pressure to a minimum without being influenced by a fuel temperature or by detection timings of the common rail pressure sensor.

Abstract: A pressure-reduction valve that returns fuel in a common rail to a low-pressure system is such one that a valve-opening pressure of the valve device is changed by an actuator into a target common rail pressure. Thus, when the actual common rail pressure in the common rail exceeds the target common rail pressure, the pressure-reduction valve opens at once. On the contrary, when the actual common rail pressure in the common rail decreases to reach the target common rail pressure, the pressure-reduction valve closes at once. Accordingly, the pressure-reduction valve limits an overshoot and an undershoot of the actual common rail pressure to a minimum without being influenced by a fuel temperature or by detection timings of the common rail pressure sensor.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes an injector, a controller, and a cylinder internal pressure sensor. The injector injects fuel to an engine. The controller controls injection start timing of the injector, an injection amount, and a supply pressure of the injected fuel. The cylinder internal pressure sensor detects one of a cylinder internal pressure and a heat release rate of the internal combustion engine. The controller has a standard estimator and a corrector. The standard state estimator obtains a standard state of one of the cylinder internal pressure and the heat release rate upon fuel injection from the injector. The corrector corrects at least one of the injection start timing, the injection amount, and the supply pressure in a direction to eliminate a difference that exists between the standard state obtained by the standard state estimator and one of the cylinder internal pressure and the heat release rate detected by the cylinder internal pressure sensor.

Abstract: A relay lens driving device provided in an optical head moves a relay lens in the direction of an optical axis thereof to correct a spherical aberration that may be caused by an error in the thickness of a cover layer of an optical disk. The relay lens driving mechanism has a lens to correct spherical aberrations, a lens holder which holds the lens, a first parallel plate spring which supports the lens holder at one end thereof, an intermediate member attached to the other end of the first parallel plate spring, a second parallel plate spring arranged to extend from the intermediate member to the lens holder to support the intermediate member at one end thereof, and a fixing member which fixes the other end of the second parallel plate spring.

Abstract: An optical disk in which data is interleaved and recorded in physically discontinuous interleaved units and a size of the interleaved unit is not less than a product of a maximum value of a jumping interval and a minimum value of the reproduction rate Vo of the data.

Abstract: In a crosstalk calculating method, a basic noise amplitude signal applied to a victim net is determined in a basic noise generation period specified based on a voltage signal transferred on an aggressor net in a semiconductor circuit. First and second signal portions applied to the victim net in first and second transition periods to be added are added to a front and back of the basic noise generation period to a front and back of the basic noise amplitude signal based on the voltage signal, respectively, to produce a noise amplitude signal.

Abstract: A relay lens driving device provided in an optical head moves a relay lens in the direction of an optical axis thereof to correct a spherical aberration that may be caused by an error in the thickness of a cover layer of an optical disk. The relay lens driving mechanism has a lens to correct spherical aberrations, a lens holder which holds the lens, a first parallel plate spring which supports the lens holder at one end thereof, an intermediate member attached to the other end of the first parallel plate spring, a second parallel plate spring arranged to extend from the intermediate member to the lens holder to support the intermediate member at one end thereof, and a fixing member which fixes the other end of the second parallel plate spring.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes an injector, a controller, and a cylinder internal pressure sensor. The injector injects fuel to an engine. The controller controls injection start timing of the injector, an injection amount, and a supply pressure of the injected fuel. The cylinder internal pressure sensor detects one of a cylinder internal pressure and a heat release rate of the internal combustion engine. The controller has a standard estimation means and a correction means. The standard state estimation means obtains a standard state of one of the cylinder internal pressure and the heat release rate upon fuel injection from the injector. The correction means corrects at least one of the injection start timing, the injection amount, and the supply pressure in a direction to eliminate a difference that exists between the standard state obtained by the standard state estimation means and one of the cylinder internal pressure and the heat release rate detected by the cylinder internal pressure sensor.

Abstract: A recording medium is one on which recording information can be recorded at one or several types of recording speeds. The recording medium comprises a recording area on which the recording information is recorded, and a recording speed range information recording area which can be necessarily used when recording the recording information on the recording medium and contains at least a basic recording speed preset for each type of the recording medium, and on which recording speed range information indicating a range of the recording speed preset for each type of the recording medium is recorded.

Abstract: An optical disc according to one aspect of this invention has a first field to record first version information, and a second field to record second version information obtained by updating the first version information.

Abstract: An optical disk device for reproducing an optical disk having recorded therein a plurality of data to be read at no lower than a specific reading linear speed discretely at a predetermined interval or less, the optical disk device comprises means for determining any one of a minimum value of a disk rotating speed demanded at the current reading position and a minimum value of a disk rotating speed demanded at a second position remote from the current reading position by a predetermined distance, whichever the greater, and target speed setting means for setting the rotating speed greater than the minimum value determined by the determining means as a target rotating speed at the current reading position.

Abstract: In a fuel injection pump, axial ends of first and second plungers driven by a drive shaft via a cam and a cam ring are in slidable contact with first and second sliding surfaces of the cam ring. The first and second sliding surfaces are positioned on opposite sides of the drive shaft and non-parallel. When the first plunger is in compression stroke, a wedge shaped gap whose angle is &agr; is formed between the axial end of the second plunger and the second sliding surface. Accordingly, when the second plunger is in the compression stroke, sliding contact portions of the axial end of the second plunger and the second sliding surface are well lubricated by fuel entered the gap, resulting in preventing frictional seizure thereof.

Abstract: A viscous material application apparatus includes a main body having a pressurized chamber which connects through to a discharge port and stores a viscous material, a viscous material supply device for transferring the viscous material to the pressurized chamber, and a discharge pressure regulating device for regulating the discharge pressure of the viscous material when the viscous material inside the pressurized chamber is pressurized and discharged by increasing or decreasing the capacity of the pressurized chamber, the discharge pressure regulating device being provided either inside the pressurized chamber or facing the pressurized chamber.