Abstract: A liquid drain (2) includes a drain body (20). The drain body defines a float chamber (30) that is adapted to store a liquid. A liquid level adjusting mechanism serves to adjust the liquid level within the float chamber and includes a float (40; 240; 340; 440; 540). The float has a float body (42; 242; 342; 442; 542) that is adapted to float on the liquid surface within the float chamber. A damper (43; 46; 243; 343; 443) may inhibit or minimize a shaking phenomenon of the float body due to waving of the liquid within the float chamber.

Abstract: Gas/liquid separating devices include a separator (1) for separating a mixed gas/liquid flow (M). A liquid drain (2) communicates with the separator and defines a liquid storage chamber (30). The liquid drain serves to temporarily store a liquid separated from the mixed flow within the liquid storage chamber, so that a space that is not occupied by the liquid is ensured within the liquid storage chamber. An adjusting mechanism (52, 152) may serve to adjust the pressure within the space of the liquid storage chamber.

Abstract: A liquid drain (2) includes a drain body (20). The drain body defines a float chamber (30) that is adapted to store a liquid. A liquid level adjusting mechanism serves to adjust the liquid level within the float chamber and includes a float (40; 240; 340; 440; 540). The float has a float body (42; 242; 342; 442; 542) that is adapted to float on the liquid surface within the float chamber. A damper (43; 46; 243; 343; 443) may inhibit or minimize a shaking phenomenon of the float body due to waving of the liquid within the float chamber.

Abstract: Gas/liquid separating devices include a separator (1) for separating a mixed gas/liquid flow (M). A liquid drain (2) communicates with the separator and defines a liquid storage chamber (30). The liquid drain serves to temporarily store a liquid separated from the mixed flow within the liquid storage chamber, so that a space that is not occupied by the liquid is ensured within the liquid storage chamber. An adjusting mechanism (52, 152) may serve to adjust the pressure within the space of the liquid storage chamber.

Abstract: An insulated gate transistor comprising a first semiconductor region, a second semiconductor region includes plural portions, a third semiconductor region, a fourth semiconductor region, a first insulation layer, control electrodes, a first main electrode, and a second main electrode, wherein a metallic wiring layer is provided on the first main surface plane via an insulating layer, plural regions insulated from the first main electrode are provided through said first main electrode, and the metallic wiring layer is connected electrically to the control electrode through the insulating layer via the region insulated from the main electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel crater inhibiting method and crater inhibiting agent not containing an acrylic resin and hence capable of increasing the opportunities to be added to coating compositions and improving degree of freedom in preparation methods of coating composition. The method comprises that electrodeposition coating is conducted by using an electrodeposition coating composition containing an aminopolyether modified epoxy having a polyether chain of specific structure as an additive.

Abstract: Bi-directional pilot type electromagnetic flow valves are capable of preventing reverse flow while utilizing the advantageous properties of pilot type electromagnetic valves. Bi-directional pilot type electromagnetic flow valves may include two pilot type electromagnetic flow valves that are connected in series, but disposed in opposite operational directions. Preferably, one of the pilot type electromagnetic flow valves acts as an anti-reverse flow valve. Therefore, the two-way piping can be switch between a state preventing reverse flow and a state permitting reverse flow. Moreover, a relatively small solenoid coil can be utilized to drive the pilot type electromagnetic valves.

Abstract: Bi-directional pilot type electromagnetic flow valves are capable of preventing reverse flow while utilizing the advantageous properties of pilot type electromagnetic valves. Bi-directional pilot type electromagnetic flow valves may include two pilot type electromagnetic flow valves that are connected in series, but disposed in opposite operational directions. Preferably, one of the pilot type electromagnetic flow valves acts as an anti-reverse low valve. Therefore, the two-way piping can be switch between a state preventing reverse flow, and a state permitting reverse flow. Moreover, a relatively small solenoid coil can be utilized to drive the pilot type electromagnetic valves.

Abstract: Noise caused by a mechanical vibration with a vibrator feeder is reduced in a small flow rate powder supplying device. An adverse effect caused by the noise is reduced and a flow rate accuracy is increased. Its responding characteristic is made fast. A powder hopper, a ultrasonic motor, supplying pipes and tube are supported by a supporting member held by a weighing device provided with a weight sensor. A weight signal of a weight sensor is amplified by an amplifier provided with a low pass filter. It is sampled with an A/D converter and converted into a digital value. A flow rate of powder is calculated by a CPU, a motor driving part is controlled and an amplitude of the ultrasonic motor is adjusted in such a way that a flow rate of the powder may become a target value.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a rotation of a rotational member. A core is disposed opposite to the rotational member. A coil of wire is disposed around the core. A permanent magnet, which is formed in a shaft of a symmetrically cut out cross section, is connected to the core. A bobbin is provided with a first cylindrical portion for receiving therein the core and winding the wire of the coil around the first cylindrical portion, and a second cylindrical portion integrally connected to the first cylindrical portion in co-axial relationship therewith. The second cylindrical portion is formed with cutout portions to provide a periphery corresponding to a periphery of the permanent magnet, and arranged to receive therein at least a part of the permanent magnet in co-axial relationship with the core.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus for detecting a rotation of a rotational member. A core is disposed opposite to the rotational member. A coil of wire is disposed around the core. A permanent magnet, which is formed in a shaft of a symmetrically cut out cross section, is connected to the core. A bobbin is provided with a first cylindrical portion for receiving therein the core and winding the wire of the coil around the first cylindrical portion, and a second cylindrical portion integrally connected to the first cylindrical portion in co-axial relationship therewith. The second cylindrical portion is formed with cutout portions to provide a periphery corresponding to a periphery of the permanent magnet, and arranged to receive therein at least a part of the permanent magnet in co-axial relationship with the core.

Abstract: An inverter apparatus includes a flip-flop circuit and a voltage clamp circuit disposed in the upper arm, and set and reset signal generators each having a series connection of two switching devices. By using an input signal and using an output signal of the flip-flop circuit, the above described two switching devices are activated in a complementary manner. Owing to this configuration, no current flows except a minute time for supplying a trigger signal to the flip-flop circuit, resulting in low current consumption. If the output logic of the flip-flop circuit has been inverted by noise, two switching devices are simultaneously in the on-state and a re-trigger current is let flow to restore the above described output logic to the normal state, resulting in the complementary state again. As a result, signal transmission between the upper and lower arms is performed at higher speed and with a lower loss. In addition, the inverter apparatus is protected from false operation due to noise.

Abstract: A hard disk inspection apparatus has a fixed magnetic head for magnetically recording data on and reproducing data from an outside recording area of the back surface of a hard disk and a fine-adjustment magnetic head with a micrometer mechanism for magnetically recording data on and reproducing data from an outside recording area of the front surface of the hard disk. Both heads are mounted on a carriage. A fixed magnetic head for magnetically recording data on and reproducing data from an inside recording area of the back surface of the hard disk and a fine-adjustment magnetic head with another micrometer mechanism for magnetically recording data on and reproducing data from an inside recording area of the front surface of the hard disk are both mounted on another carriage. This arrangement enables easy and accurate alignment between the magnetic heads and improves the inspection efficiency.

Abstract: A magnetic disk inspection apparatus for inspecting protuberance on a surface of the magnetic disk. The apparatus includes an inspection head detecting the protuberance by a piezosensor, and rotating speed control circuit controlling a rotating speed of the magnetic disk held by a rotary holder member. The rotating speed control circuit generates a different speed increasing rate for each of concentric zones formed by dividing into a plurality of sections in a radial direction of the magnetic disk to keep a floating height of the inspection head in a predetermined constant value.

Abstract: A switching circuit providing detection circuit for detecting a current which flows through a main P-channel MOSFET detection of a floating voltage dependent upon a power supply potential, a reference-voltage generating circuit for generating a reference voltage which is a floating voltage dependent upon the power supply potential and has a constant value independently of variations in power supply potential, a comparator circuit operated on a supply voltage which is a floating voltage dependent upon the power supply potential, for comparing a detected voltage from the detection circuit with the reference voltage from the reference-voltage generating means, to convert the detected voltage into a logic voltage signal (i.e., a bi-level voltage signal and a conversion circuit for converting the logic voltage outputted by the comparator circuit into a voltage measured from a ground potential.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an ignition coil for use in an internal combustion engine. The ignition coil includes a core having at least two parts between which a gap is formed. A primary winding and a secondary winding are mounted on the core in such a manner that the gap of the core is substantially enclosed in the primary winding at least. A permanent magnet, whose cross section is larger in area than the cross section of the core, is disposed in the gap of the core to form a substantially closed magnetic circuit with the core. Preferably, there are disposed a primary bobbin for mounting thereon the primary winding and receiving therein the permanent magnet, and a secondary bobbin for mounting thereon the secondary winding and receiving therein the primary bobbin with the primary winding mounted thereon.

Abstract: A fuel supply/ignition device for use with a stratified combustion system includes a fuel chamber formed adjacent to a combustion chamber. The fuel chamber is provided with a valve for supplying a liquid fuel and a spark plug for generating a spark. The spark plug is connected to a high-energy generator. When the liquid fuel is charged into the fuel chamber, and a high-energy discharge is generated by the spark plug, the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber is atomized to be sprayed into the combustion chamber, and is simultaneously ignited to provide stratified combustion. Application of the fuel supply/ignition device to an internal combustion engine contributes to a reduction in harmful components such as HC and NOx in an exhaust gas.

Abstract: A carburetor having a suction passage including therein a large venturi section and a throttle valve and connected at the upstream end thereof to the discharge port of a supercharger and at the downstream end thereof to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. A recess is formed either in the outer circumference of the shaft of the throttle valve or in the inside wall of a through hole formed in the body of a carburetor for pivotally supporting the shaft of the throttle valve, whereby a pressure chamber is formed between the shaft of the throttle valve and the through hole. The pressure chamber communicates with part of the suction passage upstream of the venturi tubes by a first air passage, and a second air passage opening into the through hole at a position between the suction passage and the pressure chamber communicates with the suction passage at a position downstream of the throttle valve.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a solar cell including a p-n junction formed in a semiconductor substrate, impurity ions are implanted through a mask in the form of an oxide film covering a light receiving surface of the semiconductor substrate except an electrode forming part, thereby forming a p-n junction which is deep in an area beneath the electrode forming part but shallow in the remaining area. Formation of the shallow p-n junction improves the spectral sensitivity in a short wavelength range. Further, utilization of the oxide film as a passivation film can prevent shortening of the life time of minority carriers in the substrate due to heat treatment, thereby retarding the electron-hole recombination rate at the light receiving surface of the substrate.

Abstract: In the vacuum boosting system for the brake of a vehicle wherein the boosting vacuum is supplied from the intake manifold of the engine and also, as an assistance thereto, from a vacuum pump which is to be occasionally operated when the intake vacuum of the engine is insufficient to boost the brake, the operation of the vacuum pump is controlled in two alternative modes. In the first mode, when the vehicle is running at a relatively high speed with the transmission being shifted to a relatively high speed stage, the vacuum pump is switched on when the brake boosting vacuum has dropped below a first relatively high threshold value to be operated for a first relatively short period so as to recover the vacuum.