Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for reducing mercury, which comprises a reagent comprising any of the sulfites of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium, or any of the phosphates thereof, or a combination of them, as a main reagent of a catalyst component. And the present invention relates to the catalyst for reducing mercury, wherein the catalyst component is mixed with a different salt as an agent for inhibiting crystallization of the catalyst component.

Abstract: A highly reliable printed circuit board which is capable of preventing a short circuit between traces from being caused by a solder bridge formed by excess solder. The printed circuit board has a solder resist covering copper foil traces formed on a substrate and the substrate, for insulation. The solder resist is formed such that exposed portions of the substrate between adjacent ones of the conductive traces each have a shape protruding in a direction of where the other printed circuit board is connected, with respect to exposed portions of the adjacent ones of the conductive traces, in a boundary between the connection part and a portion on which an insulating layer is formed.

Abstract: In an optical branching unit according to the invention, the cross section shape in an area of a front stage to branch to two output waveguides in the optical branch is a rectangle or a non-circle with different vertical-to-horizontal ratio, including an area that the length along the surface of the substrate is defined to be shorter than the length in the direction orthogonal to the surface of a substrate, the cross section at the output ends of the output waveguide is a rectangle or a non-circle with a different vertical-to-horizontal ratio, where the length along the surface of the substrate is defined to be longer than the length in the direction orthogonal to the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A connector that reduces generation of faults, such as short-circuits of terminals and circuits, by reducing generations of whiskers resulting from use of lead-free solder. The connector comprises a contact part and a housing part. A recess is formed in the area where the contact part is received into the housing part. The recess encloses whiskers generated in the connector at this location. The recess is sized such that whiskers of an anticipated size do not extend from the contact part to the housing part and such that foreign bodies are unlikely to be able to enter the recess.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes a first transistor having a first emitter electrode, a first base electrode, and a first collector electrode in a region over a first region. Base lead-out polysilicon connecting the first base electrode and a first base region passes over a second region provided out of the first region and a resistor element is added. A writing voltage is reduced in an antifuse using two bipolar transistors.

Abstract: To permit smooth performance of both of an operation requiring a high pressure and an operation desired to produce a pressure at a suppressed level, a shuttle block 50 positioned between pilot operating units 35-37 and flow control valves 5-15 and pump regulators 28a,28b is arranged in association with shuttle valves 61-63,65-75, which select maximum pressures of groups of operation signal pressures produced by the pilot operating units 35-37, respectively, and at least one of the plural groups of operation signals, and is constructed to include hydraulic selector valves 81,82 and a boom-lowering, hydraulic selector valve 83. The hydraulic selector valves 81,82 are operated based on the maximum pressures to produce control signal pressures from a pressure of a pilot pump 2.

Abstract: A slider is incorporated in a connector. A guide is designed to guide movement of the slider along a predetermined plane. An elastic terminal or contact extends to the free tip end from the stationary end. An inclined surface is defined on the slider so as to receive the elastic terminal. The inclined surface extends along an imaginary plane intersecting an imaginary reference plane including the predetermined plane by a predetermined inclination angle. The movement of the slider enables displacement of the contact position between the inclined surface and the elastic terminal in the connector. The inclined surface generates a driving force directed to the elastic terminal in response to the movement of the slider. The elastic terminal is thus caused to deform. This deformation can be utilized to control the contact between the elastic terminal and a connective member to be connected.

Abstract: A slider is incorporated in a connector. A guide is designed to guide movement of the slider along a predetermined plane. An elastic terminal or contact extends to the free tip end from the stationary end. An inclined surface is defined on the slider so as to receive the elastic terminal. The inclined surface extends along an imaginary plane intersecting an imaginary reference plane including the predetermined plane by a predetermined inclination angle. The movement of the slider enables displacement of the contact position between the inclined surface and the elastic terminal in the connector. The inclined surface generates a driving force directed to the elastic terminal in response to the movement of the slider. The elastic terminal is thus caused to deform. This deformation can be utilized to control the contact between the elastic terminal and a connective member to be connected.

Abstract: A disc recording/playback device includes a system controller that confirms whether or not a user desires updating of content included in resume marker information in an optical disc. When it is confirmed that the updating of the content of the resume marker information is desired by the user, the system controller updates the content of the resume marker information and sends an ejection command to eject the optical disc from the device. Otherwise, the previous content included in the resume marker information is maintained and the disc is ejected.

Abstract: An image pickup device is provided with an optical system for taking the image of an object. A photoelectric converting element photoelectrically converts the object image taken by the optical system and an electric signal outputting board outputs an electrical signal from the photoelectric converting element. A position defining member defines the position of the optical system relative to the photoelectric converting element. The electric signal outputting board is positioned between the photoelectric converting element and the position defining member.

Abstract: An image pickup device provided with an optical system for taking the image of an object, a photoelectric converting element for photoelectric conversion of the object image taken by the optical system, an electric signal outputting board for outputting an electrical signal from the photoelectric converting element, and a position defining member for defining the position of the optical system relative to the photoelectric converting element, wherein the electric signal outputting board is positioned between the photoelectric converting element and the position defining member.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission provided with a rotary shaft characterized in that a ball spline is formed between an inner peripheral surface of a first disc and an outer peripheral surface of an intermediate portion of a rotary shaft, a restraining members for limiting displacement of balls of a ball spline is provided on an inner side of the inner peripheral surface of the first disc, a small-diametered portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the rotary shaft and between the first disc and a second disc, and the restraining members is mountable through the small-diametered portion with the restraining members and the small-diametered portion axially aligned with each other.

Abstract: In a packaging arrangement suitable for semiconductor devices, a semiconductor chip is mounted on a surface of an aluminum base with a bonding layer interposed therebetween. The aluminum base has a capability to favorably dissipate heat from the semiconductor chip. The bonding layer consists of a resilient and heat conductive material such as silicone resin mixed with silver powder so that thermal strain of the metal base is accommodated by the resiliency of the bonding layer, and is prevented from adversely affecting the electronic component chip even though the aluminum base demonstrates a substantially more significant thermal expansion than the semiconductor chip. It is therefore possible to achieve a high reliability in the packaging of semiconductor devices at a minimum cost.

Abstract: In order to provide a mask data generator operating at a sufficient speed with a small circuit scale for generating mask data to mask a sequence of drawing data composed of a plurality of data blocks, the mask data generator of the invention has a first and a second mask data generation circuits (200, 201), each comprising; bit pattern extracting means (211) for obtaining a first bit pattern indicating a boundary block wherein pixel data designated by address data are included and a second bit pattern indicating a position of the pixel data in the boundary block; a boundary byte discrimination circuit (216) for discriminating the boundary block making use of the first bit pattern; and an array of multiplexers (217) each corresponding to each of the plurality of data blocks, one multiplexer, which corresponds to the boundary block, selecting the second bit pattern controlled by the boundary byte discrimination circuit, and each of the other multiplexers selecting either a bit pattern of all `0` or a bit patter

Abstract: For enabling a boom to be smoothly raised during the triple combined operation of boom-up, arm-crowd and bucket-crowd in a hydraulic circuit system for a hydraulic excavator, in a first valve group of a hydraulic valve apparatus (12), a variable throttle valve (70) is installed in a feeder passage (32) of a bucket directional control valve (21) downstream of a load check valve (32a), and a secondary pressure C as a boom-up operation command is introduced through a line (71) to a pilot control sector (70a) of the variable throttle valve (70) which sector operates in the throttling direction, so that when the secondary pressure C is 0 or small, the variable throttle valve (70) is fully opened and, as the secondary pressure C increases, an opening area of the variable throttle valve (70) is reduced to restrict the flow rate of a hydraulic fluid supplied through the bucket directional control valve (21).

Abstract: The invention is directed to a focusing optical system for semiconductor lasers, which is regulated in terms of magnification power in both its directions normal to the optical axis, so that the back focus of sufficient magnitude can be made equal in both the directions and the magnitude of aberration can be regulated to achieve an improvement in focusing efficiency, and in which a light beam from a semiconductor laser having varying exit angles in the horizontal and vertical directions is focused on a spot having substantially equal diameters in the horizontal and vertical directions. This focusing optical system comprises first lens unit L1 including a rotation asymmetric lens having positive power in the direction defined by a large exit angle at which a laser beam emanates from the laser, a second lens unit L2 including at least one lens of negative power, and a third lens unit L3 that is a rotation asymmetric lens unit having positive power in the directions defined by both large and small exit angles.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive system comprises a controller (12) and several condition sensors. A boom-up target flow rate setting section determines a boom-up target flow rate based on signals from a pressure sensor (11) and a rotational speed meter (16), a pump delivery rate detecting section determines a pump delivery rate based on signals from a tilt angle sensor (15) and the rotational speed meter (16), a differential pressure detecting section and a center bypass flow rate calculating section determine a center bypass flow rate based on signals from pressure sensors (9, 10), a boom cylinder calculating section determines a boom cylinder flow rate from the pump delivery rate and the center bypass flow rate, and a first pump target displacement volume calculating section calculates a first pump target tilt angle .theta..sub.1 in accordance with the difference between the boom-up target flow rate and the boom cylinder flow rate. In this case, .theta..sub.1 is larger than a second pump target tilt angle .theta..sub.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive system for hydraulic working machines has a variable displacement hydraulic pump, at least one actuator driven by the hydraulic fluid, a directional control valve of center bypass type for controlling the flow of the hydraulic fluid, a center bypass line for connecting the center bypass passage of the control valve to a reservoir and a fixed restrictor disposed in the center bypass line. A first control signal that determines a first target displacement of the hydraulic pump is determined by using the pressure generated by the fixed restrictor. A second control signal is generated for determining a second target displacement of a hydraulic pump. A third control signal, which is the larger one of the first and second control signals, provides a target displacement that is applied to a pump regulator that controls the displacement of the hydraulic pump.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner comprising a constituent resin and a colorant, in which the constituent resin has a softening point ranging from room temperature to 170.degree. C. and comprises (a) a copolymer of cinnamic acid and one or more vinyl monomers, (b) a mixture of a copolymer as defined in (a) and a polymer having good compatibility therewith, (c) a mixture of a copolymer as defined in (a) and cinnamic acid, (d) a mixture of a polymer as defined in (b) and cinnamic acid, or (e) a mixture of a mixture as defined in (b) and cinnamic acid, the cinnamic acid content of the constituent resin being from 1 to 25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the constituent resin in the case of cinnamic acid copolymerized with one or more vinyl monomers and from 0.1 to 25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the constituent resin in the case of cinnamic acid present in the uncombined state.

Abstract: A process for forming a coating with a metallic finish, which comprises(1) a first step of coating an article with [A] a water-thinnable paint comprising (a) a cross-linkable (meth)acrylate ester copolymer or a mixture of the (meth)acrylate ester copolymers containing at least 0.1 equivalent, per 1,000 g of resin solids, of a carboxyl or carboxyl ion group and a group capable of undergoing a ring-opening reaction with the carboxyl or carboxy ion group upon heating, both of said groups being contained in the same or different copolymers, and having a number average molecular weight of at least 3,000 and (b) metallic scales, and baking the coating paint to form a coating containing the metallic scales and(2) a second step of coating [B] a powder paint comprising a (meth)acrylate ester copolymer having a glycidyl or .beta.