Abstract: A flow channel structure that includes a first inlet path for a first fluid, a second inlet path for a second fluid, a merging portion that merges, in the thickness direction of a substrate, the first fluid and the second fluid, a first merged fluid channel in which both fluids merged in the merging portion flow along a top surface of the substrate, a flow direction altering portion that causes the flow direction of the fluid flowing through the first merged fluid channel to change from the top surface side of the substrate towards the back surface side thereof, and a second merged fluid channel for changing the flow direction of this fluid to flow to the downstream side so that the fluid flowing from the first merged fluid channel through the flow direction altering portion flows along the back surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat exchanger that can more efficiently transfer heat between a heat-exchange fluid and an object with which heat is to be exchanged. A heat exchanger (1) can transfer heat between a heat-exchange fluid flowing through flow paths (R1) and a fluid with which heat is to be exchanged flowing through other flow paths (R2) by means of the flow path structure member (10) (a first metal sheet (11) and a second metal sheet (12)) in which the flow paths (R1 and R2) are formed. The flow paths (R1 and R2) are formed so that the side surfaces thereof are not straight and so that the depths thereof change along the flow direction.

Abstract: To improve reaction efficiency by increasing a contact area of first and second reactants per unit volume, without reducing dimensions of the inlet paths for the first and second reactants in a layer-thickness direction, a channel includes a first inlet path having the first reactant, a parallel second inlet path separated from the first inlet path and having the second reactant, a junction channel for causing the first and second reactants to join as separate laminar flows, and a parallel reaction channel connected with a downstream side of the junction channel for permitting the laminar flows of the first and second reactants to react at a contact interface thereof. A dimension of the reaction channel in the layer-thickness direction perpendicular to the contact interface is set to be smaller than the sum of the dimensions of the first inlet path and the second inlet path in the layer-thickness direction.

Abstract: A channel forming body of a reactor has a base plate, a first sealing member bonded to one surface of the base plate and a second sealing member bonded to the other surface of the base plate. A plurality of first inlet grooves forming first inlet paths and a plurality of reaction grooves forming reaction grooves are formed in parallel and side by side in one surface of the base plate. A plurality of second inlet grooves forming second inlet paths are formed in parallel and side by side in the other surface of the base plate. A plurality of junction holes forming junction channels penetrate the base plate from the one surface to the other surface between corresponding ones of the respective first and second inlet grooves and the reaction grooves corresponding to the inlet grooves to connect downstream ends of the inlet grooves and upstream ends of the reaction grooves.

Abstract: Provided is a reactor which makes it possible to increase the uniformity of mixing of the reactants therein. The reactor is provided with a flow path structure having internal reactant flow passages including: a first introduction passage for the introduction of a first reactant, a second introduction passage for the introduction of a second reactant, a merging passage for causing the first reactant flowing through the first introduction passage to merge with the second reactant flowing through the second introduction passage, and a reaction passage for causing the two reactants which were merged in the merging passage to react with each other while the reactants are flowing.

Abstract: A fluid path structure in which the flow rate of fluid flowing in each flow path is equal to each other and in which each flow path has an increased flexibility in shape. The flow path structure has flow paths into which fluid is introduced. The flow paths include flow paths having different flow path lengths. The equivalent diameter of each part of each fluid path is set according to the flow path length of the fluid path so that the entire pressure loss of each flow path is equal to each other.

Abstract: There is provided a groove machining method by means of water jet which machines grooves by means of a water jet device including injection nozzles for injecting a water jet on a face to be machined of a member to be machined, including a step of disposing protection members which are more resistive against an injection power of the water jet than the member to be machined so as to cover a portion which is a part of the face to be machined, and on which grooves are not to be formed in order to form ends of the machined grooves in a travel direction of the injection nozzles inside an outline of the face to be machined, and a step of moving the nozzles across the protection members and the face to be machined while injecting the water jet at a predetermined injection power from the injection nozzles.

Abstract: A plate fin heat exchanger of the present invention includes a heat exchange part including a heat exchange part main body including layers of plural flow passages, and heat transfer members each of which is disposed within each flow passage of the heat exchange part main body to transfer the heat of fluid flowing in each of the flow passages to each partition walls opposed across the flow passage; and sensing parts connected to both the outsides of the heat exchange part respectively. Each of the sensing parts includes plural sealed spaces, and a sensor wall disposed to separate the outermost sealed space from the sealed space on the inner side thereof. The plate fin heat exchanger further includes a detection means for detecting damage of the sensor wall of the sensing part. According to such a structure, external leak of the fluid performing the heat exchange can be prevented while suppressing deterioration of performance or increase in size or weight.

Abstract: It is aimed to improve reaction efficiency by increasing a contact area of first and second reactants per unit volume without reducing dimensions of an inlet path for the first reactant and an inlet path for the second reactant in a layer-thickness direction. In a reactor, a channel includes a first inlet path having the first reactant introduced thereinto, a second inlet path arranged while being separated from the first inlet path and having the second reactant introduced thereinto, a junction channel for causing the first reactant flowing via the first inlet path and the second reactant flowing via the second inlet path to join in the form of the laminar flows separated from each other, and a reaction channel connected with a downstream side of the junction channel for permitting the laminar flow of the first reactant and that of the second reactant held in contact with each other and reacting the two reactants at a contact interface thereof.

Abstract: It is aimed to promote further integration of channels in a reactor. A channel forming body of a reactor is provided with a base plate, a first sealing member bonded to one surface of the base plate while covering the one surface, and a second sealing member bonded to the other surface of the base plate while covering the other surface. A plurality of first inlet grooves for forming the first inlet paths are formed in parallel and side by side and a plurality of reaction grooves for forming the reaction grooves are formed in parallel and side by side in the one surface of the base plate. On the other hand, a plurality of second inlet grooves for forming the second inlet paths are formed in parallel and side by side in the other surface of the base plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides microsphere manufacturing method and apparatus capable of stable obtaining microspheres of a desired size and reducing facility cost. According to the method and the apparatus, to manufacture microspheres made of a second liquid in a first liquid, the first liquid is supplied into a first channel to flow therein and the second liquid is supplied to an intermediate part of the first channel through a second channel. The supply velocities of the first and second liquids are set such that the second liquid closes the first channel and the closing part of the second liquid is cut off due to a pressure difference between an upstream side and a downstream side to form microspheres.

Abstract: Disclosed are an aluminum alloy material and a plate heat exchanger using the aluminum alloy material, both of which have superior corrosion resistance. Specifically, the aluminum alloy material includes an aluminum alloy base material having an anodic oxide layer with an average thickness of 1 to 20 ?m as its surface layer, an organic phosphonic acid primer coating arranged on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material, and a fluorocarbon resin coating arranged on the surface of the organic phosphonic acid primer coating and having an average thickness of to 100 ?m after drying.

Abstract: An aluminium alloy material having an excellent sea water corrosion resistance comprises an aluminium alloy substrate whose ten-points average surface roughness Rz, which is the average of five greatest peak-to-valley separations on the surface, is controlled at 0.3 um or over, an organic phosphonic primer film formed on a surface of the aluminium alloy substrate, and a fluorine resin paint film formed on the primer film and having a dry average thickness of 1 to 100 ?m. A plate heat exchanger having an excellent sea water corrosion resistance is also provided wherein the aluminium alloy material is used as a heat transfer unit using sea water as cooling water.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy for use in a plate-fin heat exchanger having a heat transfer portion with seawater as a coolant includes an organic phosphonic acid underlying coating disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy and a fluorocarbon resin coating disposed on the organic phosphonic acid underlying coating, the fluorocarbon resin coating having an average thickness of 1 to 100 ?m after drying. The aluminum alloy has improved durability of coating adhesion and excellent seawater corrosion resistance.

Abstract: There is provided a groove machining method by means of water jet which machines grooves by means of a water jet device including injection nozzles for injecting a water jet on a face to be machined of a member to be machined, including a step of disposing protection members which are more resistive against an injection power of the water jet than the member to be machined so as to cover a portion which is a part of the face to be machined, and on which grooves are not to be formed in order to form ends of the machined grooves in a travel direction of the injection nozzles inside an outline of the face to be machined, and a step of moving the nozzles across the protection members and the face to be machined while injecting the water jet at a predetermined injection power from the injection nozzles.

Abstract: To make stress corrosion cracking caused by precipitation of a &bgr; layer (Mg2Al3) in a welding part (5) or in the periphery of the welding part (5) hard to occur. An apparatus body (1) and a header (3) formed of an aluminum alloy with precipitation of magnesium suppressed by standardized heat treatment are assembled and welded, and natural gas containing mercury is subjected to heat exchanging. There are provided with backing metal (4) disposed on the back of the inner wall surface of one header (3) prior to standardized heat treatment and placed in contact with the other apparatus body (1) at the time of assembling and welding, a welding part (5) formed by being assembled and welded using first welding metal containing magnesium at percent content not less than 2.

Abstract: In a production method for oxygen, liquid oxygen is taken out from a rectification column of an air separation unit, and is compressed by a pump so that the pressure thereof exceeds the critical pressure. Then, the oxygen is led into a heat exchanger and is heated therein so that the temperature of the oxygen exceeds the critical temperature.

Abstract: To make stress corrosion cracking caused by precipitation of a &bgr; layer (Mg2Al3) in a welding part 5 or in the periphery of the welding part 5 hard to occur.

Abstract: One end sides of two sets of pressed-type headers, which have been molded by an existing press, are cut off, respectively, the cut-off portions of thus obtained one-side-cut-off headers are abutted together and are welded to each other, and a nozzle is welded to the position of a welded portion. With this construction, a large header, which is larger than the pressed-type header, can be manufactured, and the use of which permits a large plate-fin type heat exchanger, that can be used at high pressure, to be manufactured.

Abstract: In a production method for oxygen, liquid oxygen is taken out from a rectification column of an air separation unit, and is compressed by a pump so that the pressure thereof exceeds the critical pressure. Then, the oxygen is led into a heat exchanger and is heated therein so that the temperature of the oxygen exceeds the critical temperature.