Abstract: An electrodynamic electroacoustic transducer comprises: a first magnetic pole; a second magnetic pole that forms a magnetic gap between itself and the first magnetic pole and is arranged in a space excluding spaces in upper and lower face directions of the first magnetic pole; a yoke; a diaphragm; and a voice coil. The yoke magnetically couples one magnetic pole face of the first magnetic pole with one magnetic pole face of the second magnetic pole so as to support them. The diaphragm is arranged in a space in an upper face direction of the first magnetic pole and in a space in a lower face direction of the second magnetic pole, while its outer periphery is supported by the yoke. The voice coil is arranged in the magnetic gap and adhered to the diaphragm. At least one of the first magnetic pole part and the second magnetic pole part includes a magnet.

Abstract: Net (30) made of material containing at least metal is bonded to protector (29) of a loud speaker, and hence shields electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic interference can be prevented in an electronic apparatus such as a portable phone employing the loud speaker.

Abstract: An edge (29) for supporting a diaphragm assembly (100) with respect to a frame (26) is bonded to the frame (26) along the outer periphery thereof and joined to a diaphragm (27) in a position more peripherally inward than a voice coil (28) along the inner periphery thereof. The edge (29) partly overlaps diaphragm (27). This structure allows downsizing of the speaker, without reducing the sizes of a permanent magnet (21) and the edge (29).

Abstract: An electro-acoustic transducer wherein a stopper of a terminal is composed of an elastic body having an impulsive-force resistance and an excellent resilience. The stopper is mounted on the yoke or lower plate of magnetic circuit, which is made of a metallic material having an impulsive-force resistance. In this way, the stopper can restrict the terminal within the reversibility limit value of the spring force of the metallic material, and hence can enhance the reliability.

Abstract: A fixed voltage and a movable electrode are placed face to face with each other, and an insulating film is formed on the surface of the fixed electrode. The insulating film is made of a nitride film (SiN) as a main material, with oxide films (SiO2) being formed on the front and rear surfaces of the nitride film. Moreover, a plurality of protrusions are formed on an area facing the movable electrode of the upper face of the insulating film. The charge quantity in the insulating film is mainly determined by a film thickness of the oxide film, and the nitride film is used for maintaining a sufficient film thickness required for the voltage proof characteristic.

Abstract: A portable communication terminal employs an electro-acoustic transducer having openings on the housing. The openings of the transducer are coupled to a housing of the terminal or acoustic pipes unitarily formed with the housing of the transducer. An opening of the acoustic pipe faces an opening provided in the housing of the terminal. The terminal uses a transducer including a diaphragm, a cover closely jointed to an outer periphery of the diaphragm and facing a front face of the diaphragm, and a frame provided at a rear face of the diaphragm. The terminal and the transducer consume less power and yet radiate greater output sound pressure with smaller bodies. They can deliver sound from a display section, so that a user accepts the sound normally.

Abstract: A circuit element comprises a wiring board; the wiring board comprises a substrate and a wiring formed on the substrate, and a lid joined on the substrate containing a part of the wiring with a binder and making a sealed space above the substrate, wherein if a spot of the wiring joined with the lid by a binder is a spot of junction, a flank of both flanks of the wiring comprise bends in the spot of junction.

Abstract: An electrostatic micro switch includes a fixed electrode disposed on a fixed substrate; a movable substrate elastically supported by the fixed substrate, the movable substrate including a movable electrode facing the fixed electrode. The movable substrate includes a semiconductor including a plurality of regions having different values of resistivity and a region of high resistivity is disposed near the movable electrode.

Abstract: A suspension (1a) includes a plurality of roll sections (1b) each of which has a semicylindrical shape in a cross section. The roll sections (1b) are disposed side by side based on a straight line connecting two points on an inner periphery or an outer periphery. The roll sections (1b) form a closed loop in a manner that a roll section (1b) of the roll sections (1b) being disposed first adjoins a roll section (1b) of the roll sections (1b) being disposed last. Adjacent roll sections (1b) are coupled with each other through a boundary section (2) forming a continuous three dimensional curved surface. A linearity of compliance improves, and generation of distortion or rolling is restricted using the suspension (1a).

Abstract: When a pressure receiving plate provided at a seat back moves to a rear side of a vehicle body when a vehicle is collided from behind, a Bowden cable transmits movement of the pressure receiving plate to a headrest ascending mechanism as a tensile load, thereby quickly ascending a headrest to reliably hold a head of an occupant. The Bowden cable transmits only the tensile load, and hence the Bowden cable is not buckled. Reduction in weight is made possible as compared with the case using a rod for transmitting a compression load. Since the Bowden cable is light, it is not required to unreasonably place the pressure receiving plate at a position near the headrest ascending mechanism for reduction in weight, and hence the pressure receiving plate can be placed at the optimal position where a sufficient driving force is obtained at the time of collision. Thus, a headrest is ascended with favorable responsiveness upon a rear-end collision of a vehicle while using a thin transmission member with low rigidity.

Abstract: In a vehicle occupant protection system comprising a seat for seating a vehicle occupant in a passenger compartment of a vehicle, and a seat belt for restraining a vehicle occupant seated in the seat, the seat belt is pulled rearward by a power actuator in an early stage of a vehicle crash to apply deceleration to the vehicle occupant before the vehicle body has started decelerating so that the vehicle occupant is prevented from being subjected to a deceleration level which is higher than an unacceptable level of deceleration throughout the entire period of the vehicle crash.

Abstract: A portable communication terminal employs an electro-acoustic transducer having openings on the housing. The openings of the transducer are coupled to a housing of the terminal or acoustic pipes unitarily formed with the housing of the transducer. An opening of the acoustic pipe is facing to an opening provided to the housing of the terminal. The terminal uses a transducer including a diaphragm, a cover closely jointed to an outer periphery of the diaphragm and facing to a front face of the diaphragm, and a frame provided to a rear face of the diaphragm. The terminal and the transducer consume less power and yet radiate greater output sound pressure with smaller bodies. They can deliver sound from a display section, so that a user accepts the sound normally.

Abstract: The speaker design support apparatus can reduce time for designing the speaker instead of many design trials, and comprises the input means that a user inputs necessary data for voice coil and for magnetic circuit and for diaphragm, and the calculation means for calculate the speaker characteristic based on the inputted data from the input means, and the display for displaying the calculated results by the calculation means.

Abstract: A fixed voltage and a movable electrode are placed face to face with each other, and an insulating film is formed on the surface of the fixed electrode. The insulating film is made of a nitride film (SiN) as a main material, with oxide films (SiO2) being formed on the front and rear surfaces of the nitride film. Moreover, a plurality of protrusions are formed on an area facing the movable electrode of the upper face of the insulating film. The charge quantity in the insulating film is mainly determined by a film thickness of the oxide film, and the nitride film is used for maintaining a sufficient film thickness required for the voltage proof characteristic.

Abstract: In a vehicle occupant protection system comprising a seat for seating a vehicle occupant in a passenger compartment of a vehicle, and a seat belt for restraining a vehicle occupant seated in the seat, the seat belt is pulled rearward by a power actuator in an early stage of a vehicle crash to apply deceleration to the vehicle occupant before the vehicle body has started decelerating so that the vehicle occupant is prevented from being subjected to a deceleration level which is higher than an unacceptable level of deceleration throughout the entire period of the vehicle crash.

Abstract: The vehicle occupant protection system can significantly reduce the peak deceleration of the vehicle occupant even with a small vehicle body. The system comprises a seat fitted with a seat belt which is supported on a vehicle body so as to be slidable in a direction of an input crash load, a first actuator for applying an acceleration of a same direction as the crash load upon detection of the vehicle crash to the seat, and a second actuator for applying an acceleration of an opposite direction from the crash load with a prescribed time delay following the detection of the vehicle crash to the seat. Thus, in case of a vehicle crash or other high deceleration situations, the seat is accelerated rearward upon the occurrence of a vehicle crash by the first actuator so that the restraining capability of the seat belt is enhanced by applying to the seat a deceleration higher than the vehicle body deceleration during an early phase of the vehicle crash.