Abstract: In a liquid discharge head, a first pump and a second pump are arranged inside a channel, the channel includes a pressure chamber including an energy generating element, and liquid inside the pressure chamber is circulatable between inside and outside of the pressure chamber by the first pump or the second pump. The first pump is arranged on one side relative to a midpoint of the channel in an extending direction of the channel, and the second pump is arranged on another side relative to the midpoint of the channel in the extending direction of the channel.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a base plate and at least two device chips in which ejection ports for ejecting a liquid are formed and which are disposed on the base plate. At least one first reference mark is provided on the base plate. A second reference mark is provided on each of the device chips. At least one space is formed between adjacent device chips. The second reference marks and the first reference mark present in the space are disposed on an array axis along which the device chips are arrayed.

Abstract: A management apparatus connected to an image forming apparatus for managing usage of the image forming apparatus is disclosed. The management apparatus includes a user data storage part for storing user identification data and use restriction data corresponding to the user identification data, and a use restriction data acquiring part for acquiring the use restriction data corresponding to the user identification data.

Abstract: Provided are a resin laminated optical body, a light source unit, an optical unit, a light irradiation device, an image display device, and a method for manufacturing a resin laminated optical body that are novel and improved, by which an optical apparatus can be reduced in size, and the light emission quality can be improved. To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, a resin laminated optical body is provided including an optical base material having a curved surface, and a resin layer provided on the curved surface of the optical base material, in which a light diffusing structure is formed in a surface of the resin layer.

Abstract: Provided is a depolarizing plate having a superior degree of depolarization to conventional depolarizing plates. The depolarizing plate includes a light-transmitting substrate having a surface layer portion in which a fine pattern is provided that includes a plurality of curved lines randomly disposed at a pitch of no greater than a wavelength of light, and that exhibits structural birefringence.

Abstract: An organic substance-attached porous inorganic oxide particle including porous inorganic oxide particle and an organic substance attached to the surface of the porous inorganic oxide particle. The organic substance-attached porous inorganic oxide particle satisfies a formula below (Cf?Ce)/2>1 where Cf represents the amount of carbon (atom %) measured by subjecting the surface of the particle to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after the particle is washed, and Ce represents the amount of carbon (atom %) measured by subjecting the surface of the particle to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after two-minute surface etching of the particle.

Abstract: Provided is a depolarizing plate having a superior degree of depolarization to conventional depolarizing plates. The depolarizing plate includes a light-transmitting substrate having a surface layer portion in which a fine pattern is provided that includes a plurality of curved lines randomly disposed at a pitch of no greater than a wavelength of light, and that exhibits structural birefringence.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head which has a supply path that is used to supply a liquid and a circulation flow path that branches from the supply path and is joined to the supply path again, and communicates with an ejection orifice for ejecting the liquid. The circulation flow path has an energy generating element that is provided facing the ejection orifice and generates energy for ejecting the liquid, and a liquid feed element that is used to circulate the liquid. The energy generating element and the liquid feed element are located at different distances from the supply path, and the circulation flow path has a pressure chamber provided with the energy generating element at a position farthest from the supply path.

Abstract: A vehicle hood lock device includes a base including a groove for entry of a striker, a latch that pivots between a restraining position and a release position, a locking lever engaging the latch, a torsion spring causing the latch to pivot in a direction toward the release position, and a sub-plate fixed to the base by a latch pin supporting the latch and a locking pin supporting the locking lever. The torsion spring includes a cylindrical portion. The sub-plate integrally includes a basal portion, a circumferential wall portion rising up from the basal portion in a pivot axis direction of the latch, facing the cylindrical portion in a radial direction thereof and restricting movement of the torsion spring in the radial direction, and a brim portion protruding outward in the radial direction from the circumferential wall portion and restricting movement of the torsion spring in the pivot axis direction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a laminated structure, or a method for manufacturing a liquid ejection head substrate having an electrode pad, including: preparing a substrate on which a first layer is formed, foreign matter being present on a surface of the first layer; forming a mask layer on an entire area of a surface of the substrate, the surface of the substrate being provided with the first layer; removing at least a part of the foreign matter in a height direction by performing an etching treatment on the entire surface of the mask layer; and forming a second layer on a surface on which the etching treatment is performed, wherein the etching treatment is performed so that the foreign matter is not exposed from the second layer after forming the second layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor substrate includes: forming a barrier metal layer on a semiconductor substrate; forming a resist mask on the barrier metal layer; performing dry etching on a portion of the barrier metal layer, which is exposed from an opening portion of the resist mask, so that the dry etching is prevented from reaching a top surface of a layer immediately under the barrier metal layer; performing wet etching on a portion of the barrier metal layer exposed by the dry etching so that the wet etching reaches the top surface of the layer immediately under the barrier metal layer and a portion of the barrier metal layer remains; and stripping the resist mask.

Abstract: When a gate control device passes a current into a gate of a first thyristor while a DC power supply is in an on state, conduction of the first thyristor starts, and a current starts to flow through a coil ring. The flowing current is stored as a charge in a capacitor, and a flow of the current stops when a voltage generated by the charge stored in the capacitor becomes equal to a voltage applied by the DC power supply, so that a pulsed current flows through the coil ring once. A pulse width of the pulsed current is 0.5 msec or more and 5.0 msec or less. The pulsed current is passed through the coil ring at a relatively low frequency of 30 Hz or less. When the pulsed current flows through the coil ring, a pulsed magnetic field is generated. When the pulsed magnetic field is provided from the coil ring to body tissue of the human body, an electromotive force having a similar waveform to an action potential is generated in the body tissue.

Abstract: A disclosed managing apparatus and image forming apparatus management system ensure confidentiality of information in an image forming apparatus while usability is maintained. An image forming apparatus acquires IC card identifying information with an IC card reader. A management server acquires a user ID associated with the acquired IC card identifying information and use limit information concerning use of the image forming apparatus. A process is performed in the image forming apparatus in accordance with the use limit information.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a discharge port member including a discharge port, a flow path member including a pressure chamber and a liquid flow path, a substrate, and a structure that is arranged on the substrate on an upstream side of a center of the discharge port and that is configured to generate a flow of the liquid toward the discharge port. The liquid in the pressure chamber circulates. A position corresponding to a portion of the structure having a greatest height from a surface of the substrate is located on the upstream side of the center of the discharge port in a flow direction of the liquid. A thickness of the structure in a discharge direction of the liquid is 0.1 times or greater than a thickness of the liquid flow path in the discharge direction of the liquid.

Abstract: A disclosed managing apparatus and image forming apparatus management system ensure confidentiality of information in an image forming apparatus while usability is maintained. An image forming apparatus acquires IC card identifying information with an IC card reader. A management server acquires a user ID associated with the acquired IC card identifying information and use limit information concerning use of the image forming apparatus. A process is performed in the image forming apparatus in accordance with the use limit information.

Abstract: In a liquid discharge head, a first pump and a second pump are arranged inside a channel, the channel includes a pressure chamber including an energy generating element, and liquid inside the pressure chamber is circulatable between inside and outside of the pressure chamber by the first pump or the second pump. The first pump is arranged on one side relative to a midpoint of the channel in an extending direction of the channel, and the second pump is arranged on another side relative to the midpoint of the channel in the extending direction of the channel.

Abstract: There is provided a novel and improved optical body, method for manufacturing an optical body, light-emitting apparatus, and display apparatus for amusement equipment capable of improving emitted luminance and transparency, the optical body including: a base material; and a light extraction section, formed on at least one surface of the base material, that extracts internally propagated light incident inside the base material from a side face of the base material to an outside of the base material. The light extraction section includes a concave-convex structure in which at least one of concavities and convexities has a frustum shape, a fill ratio of the concave-convex structure is 15% or greater, and a light transmittance is 50% or greater.

Abstract: There is provided a novel and improved optical body, method for manufacturing an optical body, light-emitting apparatus, and image display apparatus capable of improving emitted luminance and transparency, the optical body including: a base material; and a light extraction section, formed on at least one surface of the base material, that extracts internally propagated light incident inside the base material from a side face of the base material to an outside of the base material. The light extraction section includes a concave-convex structure in which at least one of concavities and convexities has a frustum shape, a fill ratio of the concave-convex structure is 15% or greater, and a light transmittance is 50% or greater.

Abstract: To manufacture a liquid ejection head, a film having a lower surface free energy than a surface free energy of a substrate is first formed on an inner face of a liquid supply port. Next, a dry film to be a flow path forming member is attached to cover the surface of the substrate, and then a member to be an ejection orifice forming member is provided on the surface of the dry film.

Abstract: When a first member transmits information on a network, a converted first hash code which includes a member ID of the first member is given, When a second member further transmits and diffuses the information transmitted from the first member, the converted previous first hash code which includes the member ID of the first member is associated with a converted second hash code which includes a member ID of the second member. When the still other member accesses the information transmitted by the second member, the second member is specified from the second hash code and the first member is specified from the first hash code associated with the second hash code.