Abstract: A rear sprocket assembly comprises a first sprocket and a lock device. The lock device includes a first lock member, a second lock member, and a biasing member. The first lock member includes a first axial end and a second axial end. The second lock member includes a third axial end and a fourth axial end. The fourth axial end has at least one radial projection configured to abut against the first sprocket in the axial direction in a mounting state. The biasing member is disposed between the first sprocket and the at least one radial projection in the axial direction in the assembled state to bias the first sprocket and the at least one radial projection in a biasing direction in which the first sprocket and the at least one radial projection are separated from each other.

Abstract: A human-powered vehicle control device is configured to control a derailleur in a suitable state. The human-powered vehicle control device includes an electronic controller configured to control a derailleur mounted to a human-powered vehicle based on a change in pressure of a tire detected by a pressure detector detecting the pressure of at least one tire of the human-powered vehicle.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes semiconductor laser elements including first color-light-emitting laser elements that emit red light, arrayed in a matrix of M rows and N columns (where M?2 and N?3). The first color-light-emitting laser elements include two or more first semiconductor laser elements each having an emission peak wavelength of smaller than 647 nm±2 nm, two or more second semiconductor laser elements each having an emission peak wavelength of smaller than 643 nm±2 nm, and two or more third semiconductor laser elements each having an emission peak wavelength of smaller than 639 nm±2 nm. In the M rows and the N columns, in whole or in part, a semiconductor laser element other than the two or more first semiconductor laser elements is adjacent to any one of the two or more first semiconductor laser elements.

Abstract: A control system is provided for controlling an electrical component of a human-powered vehicle in accordance with a swivel state of a riding portion and a carrier. The control system includes a sensor, an electrical component and an electronic controller. The sensor is configured to output a signal corresponding to a pivot angle of a pivot portion provided between the carrier and the riding portion located between the carrier and a handle. The electronic controller is configured to control the electrical component in accordance with the signal output from the sensor.

Abstract: A control device is configured to control a transmission device in accordance with a situation in which a human-powered vehicle is used. The control device includes an electronic controller. The electronic controller is configured to control the transmission device provided to the human-powered vehicle. The electronic controller is configured to change a transmission range of the transmission device in accordance with at least one of an attachment state of a cargo bed to the human-powered vehicle, a weight of a cargo loaded on the human-powered vehicle, or a weight of a user riding on the human-powered vehicle.

Abstract: A control system includes a pressure detector, an electrical component and an electronic controller. The control system is configured to appropriately control the electrical component in accordance with a position of a cargo disposed on a cargo bed. configured to be provided to the cargo bed of a human-powered vehicle. The electronic controller is configured to control the electrical component in accordance with a position of the cargo disposed on the cargo bed. The position of the cargo is detected by the pressure detector.

Abstract: An electronic device is configured to suitably control of a human-powered vehicle component. The electronic device includes a communicator configured to wirelessly communicate with a pressure detector detecting pressure of at least one tire of the human-powered vehicle. The electronic device is provided in a human-powered vehicle component including at least one of a transmission mounted to the human-powered vehicle, a suspension mounted to the human-powered vehicle, and an adjustable seatpost mounted to the human-powered vehicle.

Abstract: A human-powered vehicle control device is configured to automatically control a suspension and an adjustable seatpost to a suitable state. The human-powered vehicle control device includes an electronic controller configured to control at least one of the suspension and the adjustable seatpost mounted to the human-powered vehicle upon detection of an inclined state of the human-powered vehicle based on a change in pressure of at least one tire of the human-powered vehicle. The pressure of the at least one tire is detected by a pressure detector configured to detect pressure of the at least one tire of the human-powered vehicle.

Abstract: A human-powered vehicle control device is configured to control a derailleur in a suitable state. The human-powered vehicle control device includes an electronic controller configured to control a derailleur mounted to a human-powered vehicle based on a change in pressure of a tire detected by a pressure detector detecting the pressure of at least one tire of the human-powered vehicle.

Abstract: An electronic control unit for vehicle capable of receiving a program by communication expands the received program in a volatile memory and executes the expanded program. As an example of this program, there is a program for changing a communication environment for communicating with another unit.

Abstract: An electronic control unit for a vehicle including a nonvolatile memory capable of erasing and writing data electrically and two buffers to acquire, by communication, divided data obtained by dividing a program by predetermined size. Then, in parallel with using the two buffers alternately to receive divided data, the electronic control unit for a vehicle uses one buffer that is not used to receive divided data to write the received divided data into the nonvolatile memory.

Abstract: An electronic control device comprises an electronically rewritable nonvolatile memory which has first storage area and second storage area. The first storage area stores a control program in which control data is embedded, and the second storage area stores a plurality of control data usable for the control program and a rewrite program for rewriting the control data of the control program to one piece of control data selected from the plurality of control data.

Abstract: An ECU includes a RAM; a non-volatile memory; and a controller for controlling reading of data from, and writing of data into, the RAM and non-volatile memory. The controller is configured to: store data generated during operation into the RAM, write the data into a storage area of the non-volatile memory when the operation stops, and read the data from the non-volatile memory into the RAM when the operation starts, and control a control target using the data. When determining that an improper reset is expected, the controller writes at least part of the data generated during the operation and stored in the RAM into a save area, different from the data storage area, of the non-volatile memory. When the operation restarts from the improper reset, the controller reads, into the RAM, the data that has been written in the storage and save areas.

Abstract: A bicycle rear sprocket assembly comprises at least one sprocket and an internal cavity. The at least one sprocket includes at least ten internal spline teeth configured to engage with a bicycle hub assembly. The at least ten internal spline teeth have an internal-spline major diameter. The internal cavity has a maximum outer diameter larger than the internal-spline major diameter.

Abstract: A method of making a bicycle sprocket having a rotational center axis basically includes providing an annular portion and forming a first tooth and a second tooth. The annular portion is made of a base material and has a plurality of teeth. At least one of the teeth is processed to form a first tooth, and at least one other of the teeth is processed to form a second tooth. The first tooth has a first axial chain engaging width that is smaller than a first axial spacing of an outer link of a bicycle chain and larger than a second axial spacing of an inner link that is coupled to an outer link. The second tooth is formed to have a second axial chain engaging width that is smaller than the second axial spacing. The second tooth is formed by deforming the base material.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus according to the present invention includes a main electronic control unit, and a sub electronic control unit capable of mutual communication with the main electronic control unit. The main electronic control unit outputs a signal for preventing timeout to at least one of the external device and the sub electronic control unit, when mediating data communication between the external device and the sub electronic control unit.

Abstract: A bicycle hub assembly comprises a hub axle, a hub body, a sprocket support structure, and a brake-rotor support structure. The sprocket support structure includes a first torque-transmitting profile and a first externally-threaded portion. The first torque-transmitting profile is configured to transmit a rotational force between the sprocket support structure and a bicycle sprocket assembly. The first externally-threaded portion is configured to threadedly engage with a first internally-threaded portion of a first lock member. The brake-rotor support structure includes a radially external surface, a radially internal surface, and a second torque-transmitting profile configured to transmit a rotational force between the brake-rotor support structure and a brake rotor. The second torque-transmitting profile is provided on the radially external surface.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus according to the present invention includes a main electronic control unit, and a sub electronic control unit capable of mutual communication with the main electronic control unit. The main electronic control unit outputs a signal for preventing timeout to at least one of the external device and the sub electronic control unit, when mediating data communication between the external device and the sub electronic control unit.

Abstract: An electronic control unit for vehicle capable of receiving a program by communication expands the received program in a volatile memory and executes the expanded program. As an example of this program, there is a program for changing a communication environment for communicating with another unit.

Abstract: An electronic control unit for vehicle capable of receiving a program by communication expands the received program in a volatile memory and executes the expanded program. As an example of this program, there is a program for changing a communication environment for communicating with another unit.