Abstract: Pretreatment apparatus and process for analysis of sugar, the apparatus including a mechanical work hand which moves a vial containing a sample to various stations where reagents are added to the vial and where other pretreatment processes are performed on the sample. The pretreatment apparatus automatically controls the movement of the vial from one station to another and the various processes performed at each station, the processes including removal and storage of the vial's cap, addition of reagents into the vial, centrifugation and heating of the sample, and evaporation of excess reagents.

Abstract: A flow injection nonaqueous solvent neutralization titration process and system is provided. The predetermined quantity of a known titrant is used to derived calibration values based on different predetermined concentrations of a desired component in a sample. The quantity of the titrant agent in excess of an amount necessary to completely react with the sample is added and then subsequently the amount of the unreactant titrant agent is determined. From this value, the calibration values that have been stored, for example, in a look-up table can be used to determine the actual concentrations of the desired component in the sample.