Abstract: In order to separately detect an abnormal temperature rise at a fixing roller of an image forming apparatus and a disconnection of a thermistor that detects the temperature of the fixing roller, the first and the second resistors are selected and connected to a thermistor for predetermined periods of time. When the first resistor is connected to the thermistor, a disconnection of the thermistor is detected based on a detection voltage that corresponds to the voltage division ratio of the reading for the first resistor to the reading for the thermistor. When the second resistor is connected to the thermistor, an abnormal temperature rise of the fixing roller is detected based on a detection voltage that corresponds to the voltage division ratio of the reading for the second resistor to the reading for the thermistor.

Abstract: An original illuminating apparatus for use in a copying apparatus, an image reader, or a facsimile is provided with a fluorescent lamp having a long tube wall to illuminate an original; a heat radiating member provided at a position opposite to the original illuminating side of the fluorescent lamp; and a thermal coupling member which is close to the tube wall of the fluorescent lamp and the heat radiating member and is thermally coupled thereto. The thermal coupling member is provided within an effective light emission length in the longitudinal direction of the fluorescent lamp at a position different from the original illuminating side of the fluorescent lamp or on the side that is almost opposite to the original illuminating side of the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: An image fixing apparatus includes a resistor for generating heat upon electric energy supply thereto; a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature of the resistor; and a control unit for controlling the electric energy supply to the resistor so that the temperature sensor detects a target temperature, in accordance with both of a temperature of the resistor and a resistance of the resistor.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus comprises an image formation device for forming an image on a recording material according to image information light obtained from light emitted from a light source. A detector detects the light intensity emitted from the light source. A single cooling fan is provided for cooling both the light source and the image formation device. The drive force of the cooling fan is set at either a first value or a second value. The driving force is set at the first value during a time period from a start of energization of the light source until the light intensity detected by the detector is at least the predetermined value. The driving force is set at the second value after the detected light intensity is at least the predetermined value. The first value of the driving force is less than that of the second value.

Abstract: An image heating device includes a heater; an endless belt movable together with a recording material carrying an image; wherein the image carried upon the recording material is heated through the endless belt by heat from the heater; a lateral shift controller for controlling the endless belt to shift laterally in the alternating directions within a predetermined range; and a lateral shifting range controller for controlling the range by the lateral shift controller.

Abstract: An image fixing apparatus includes a heater for producing heat upon electric power supply a film movable in sliding contact with the heater, wherein an unfixed toner image on a recording material is fixed by heat from the heater through the film; a temperature detecting element for detecting a temperature of the heater; wherein movement of the film is started when the temperature detected by the detecting element reaches a predetermined level.

Abstract: An image fixing apparatus includes a movable film movable together and in contact with a recording material supporting a visualized image, the film having a base layer of insulating material and a surface low resistance layer contactable to the visualized image, the surface layer containing low resistance material; a heater extending in a direction crossing with a movement direction of the film, the film being in contact with the base layer of the film, the heater including a base plate, an electric resistance layer producing heat by electric power supply and extending along a longitudinal direction of the film adjacent the film and a protection layer for protecting the electric resistance layer; and an insulating material between the film and the protection layer only at lateral end portions of the film.

Abstract: A lateral shift control apparatus for an endless belt includes a driver for applying to the endless belt a lateral shifting force in both lateral directons; a switching device for switching the direction of the lateral shifting force by the lateral shifting driver; and memory for storing the immediately previous lateral shifting direction by the driver.

Abstract: An image fixing apparatus includes a heater; a film movable together with a recording material in contact with the heater, wherein a visualized image on the recording material is heat-fixed by heat from the heater through the film; a driver for driving the film; wherein the driver stops the film after power supply to the heater is stopped.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprises an optical system for regenerating an original manuscript; a regenerating member capable of regenerating the original manuscript in different modes; a means for setting the position of the optical system in accordance with respective modes; a detector for detecting information relating to the respective modes from the set position of the optical system, and a control device for controlling the regenerating member in accordance with the detected information by the detector. A protective apparatus is further provided which comprises a process load; a detector for detecting a continuous operation time of the load from the power frequency of an a.c. current supplied to the load, and a control device for controlling the operation of the process load in accordance with the output from the detector. The process load may be a lamp for exposing light on an original manuscript.

Abstract: A service life indicator for an image forming process cartridge which contains a consumable used for image formation and is detachably mountable into a main assembly for the image formation, comprises a switching device, adapted to be provided in the process cartridge, actuatable in response to consumption of the consumable, and a warning device, responsive to the switching device, for warning an operator of when the service life of the process cartridge has been consumed.

Abstract: A surface potential measuring meter and an electrostatic recording apparatus are disclosed. The surface potential measuring meter detects the surface potential on an object to be measured as AC signal. The electrostatic recording apparatus is provided with the surface potential measuring meter to measure the surface potential of an electrostatic latent image formed on a recording medium in the apparatus. The outputs from the meter are used to control various conditions for forming images with the apparatus.