Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of plant biotechnology. Specifically, there are provided methods and nucleic acid sequences for obtaining pathogen resistance in plants and for generating resistant plants. In particular, the role of a central molecule in plant immunity is studied. Based on the mechanisms elucidated, the present invention provides strategies to specifically modulate said phosphatase-like protein family member molecule by different transient and/or stable techniques, alone or in combination, to achieve a robust increased of pathogen resistance in different target plants to obtain inherently pathogen resistant plants and plant materials to avoid severe harvest losses as caused by major plant pathogens by biological means instead of herbicide or pesticide treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plants having increased resistance or tolerance to pathogens. Such plants have reduced expression levels of CPL1 and/or ERF922. The invention further relates to methods for producing such plants, as well as methods for identifying such plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of plant biotechnology. Specifically, there are provided methods and nucleic acid sequences for obtaining pathogen resistance in plants and for generating resistant plants. In particular, the role of a central molecule in plant immunity is studied. Based on the mechanisms elucidated, the present invention provides strategies to specifically modulate said phosphatase-like protein family member molecule by different transient and/or stable techniques, alone or in combination, to achieve a robust increased of pathogen resistance in different target plants to obtain inherently pathogen resistant plants and plant materials to avoid severe harvest losses as caused by major plant pathogens by biological means instead of herbicide or pesticide treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porcine sodium taurocholate cotransporter polypeptide (NTCP) mutein, which has been modified at sequence positions 157-167 with the human sequence. This NTCP mutein renders a host cell and a transgenic animal susceptible for an infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis D virus (HDV). The present invention further relates to a nucleic acid and a vector comprising the NTCP mutein of the invention. Also presented are methods for producing cells and transgenic animals, which are susceptible to HBV and/or HDV as well as uses of the NTCP mutein screening for compounds or rendering a cell susceptible for an infection with HBV and/or HDV. Additionally provided is a method for identifying a compound, which is useful in the prevention and/or treatment of HBV and/or HDV infection.

Abstract: A device for examining/treating an eye has a base body and an attachment body, which can be combined and applied to the eye. A gel-type liquid is introduced between the two bodies so that the indices can be matched. The interior of the attachment body is provided with a large number of protuberances, ensuring a minimum distance is maintained between the two bodies, allowing air or excess liquid to escape between the two bodies to escape. Only the attachment body, a disposable item producible from cheap materials, needs to be sterilized and a single sterilization is integrated into the production process. The base only needs to be disinfected. This division of the device also allows a large number of base bodies with different configurations to be used with one single attachment body or a large number of attachment bodies with different configurations to be used with one single base body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing uretdione group-containing polyaddition products, which are solid below 40° C. and liquid above 125° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1.3) for examining and/or treating an eye (15) Said device comprises a base body (2.3) and an attachment body (3.3), which can be combined and applied to the eye, a gel-type liquid (14) being introduced between the two bodies so that the indices can be matched. To allow air or excess liquid between the two bodies to escape, the interior of the attachment body is provided with a large number of protuberances (13.1), which ensure a minimum distance is maintained between the two bodies. As only the attachment body comes into contact with the eye or the patient during examination/treatment and not the base body, only the attachment body must be manufactured so that it can be sterilised, a single sterilisation that is integrated into the production process being sufficient. The attachment body can be produced from cheap maaterials in a simple manner as a disposable item. The base body on the other hand only requires disinfection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 2-aminomethyl-1,5-pentanediamine by simultaneously reacting 2,4-dicyano-1-butene, hydrogen and ammonia in one step without isolation of 2-amino-methyl-1,5-pentanedinitrile; the products are useful as an intermediate in the production of coating compositions, surfactants, detergents and as a component of epoxide compositions.

Abstract: A process for rapidly mixing phosgene and an amine in the gas phase to produce the corresponding isocyanate. Micro-structure mixers are used for the rapid mixing. The educts emerge from the micro-structure mixer in the form of thin free jets which mix very rapidly by diffusion and/or turbulence. As a result, the mixing operation is accelerated substantially as compared with conventional reactors. The isocyanate yield is also increased.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of 1-amino-1-methyl-3(4)-aminomethylcyclohexane bya) simultaneously reacting 4(5)-aminomethyl-1-methylcyclohexene (CMA), hydrocyanic acid and aqueous sulphuric acid at temperatures of 60.degree. C. to 120.degree. C., preferably 80.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. to form 1-formamido-1-methyl-3(4)-aminomethylcyclohexane (FMA) in a first stage,b) adding water and hydrolyzing 1-formamido-1-methyl-3 (4)-aminomethylcyclohexane (FMA) and unreacted hydrocyanic acid in a second stage andc) adding a base and isolating 1-amino-1-methyl-3 (4)-aminomethylcyclohexane (AMCA) by extraction from the reaction mixture obtained in the second stage of the reaction, optionally after removing of formic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 1-amino-1-methyl-3(4)-aminomethyl cyclohexane (AMCA) bya) catalytically hydrogenating 1-formamido-1-methyl-3(4)-cyano cyclohexane (FMC) in a first reaction stage to form 1-formamido-1-methyl-3(4)-aminomethyl cyclohexane (FMA), 1-amino-1-methyl-3(4)-formamidomethyl cyclohexane (AMF), 1-formamido-1-methyl-3(4)-formamidomethyl cyclohexane (FMF) and/or AMCA, andb) reacting FMA, AMF and/or FMF in a second reaction stage with an alkaline compound to from AMCA and a formic acid derivative, andc) separating the reaction mixture obtained in step b) into components by fractional distillation and/or by crystallization and filtration.The present invention is also relates to carrying the hydrogenation reaction of step a) in the presence of a formulating agent to form 1-formamido-1-methyl-3(4)-formamidomethyl cyclohexane (FMF).

Abstract: A contact structure for a multiple semiconductor component comprises at least two adjacent hand shaped connecting contact arrangements with the fingers parting in opposite directions and splayed out, each finger being interrupted by one of the individual semiconductor components.

Abstract: A method of etching comprises etching a cadmium-mercury-telluride semiconductor layer by means of an ion beam.

Abstract: A semiconductor arrangement comprises a region of a second type of conductivity formed in a semiconductor body of a first type of conductivity from one surface thereof, an insulating layer on this surface defining an opening above the said region and a resistance layer covering the opening in the insulating layer and comprising a metal silicide compound of silicon with a metal from the subgroups of groups V or VI of the periodic system which contain tungsten, molybdenum or tantalum.