Abstract: The problem is to provide a front plate of a TN liquid crystal display device capable of reducing occurrence of color unevenness caused by retardation of a polycarbonate resin sheet, even when the liquid crystal panel is observed through polarizing glasses or liquid crystal shutter glasses for 3D, while having excellent impact resistance, heat resistance and transparency. The solution means are that the direction of the slow axis or the fast axis of a polycarbonate resin sheet is parallel to the lengthwise direction of a TN liquid crystal panel, and that retardation is not less than 5000 nm.

Abstract: The problem is to provide a front plate of a TN liquid crystal panel capable of inhibiting occurrence of color unevenness caused by retardation of a polycarbonate resin sheet, even when a liquid crystal panel is observed through polarizing glasses or liquid crystal shutter glasses for 3D, while having excellent impact resistance, heat resistance and transparency. The solution means is the front plate 1 of a TN liquid crystal panel provided with the polycarbonate resin sheet 10, wherein the direction of the slow axis X or the fast axis Y of the polycarbonate resin sheet 10 is inclined by 45° with respect to the lengthwise direction L of a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: The present invention solves glare of an embossed matte film of a conventional product produced and sold by the applicant of the present application, and provides a light diffusion film and the like having a surface shape of an irregular pattern that significantly suppresses the glare even when an LED light source is used and also maintains the good optical characteristics. The following is believed sufficient for maintaining good optical characteristics of an embossed matte film and also for solving the glare. To maintain the optical characteristics, the surface shape was defined by use of an inclination angle histogram profile of an embossed surface. In order to solve the glare, the size of unit patterns which make up an entire pattern and do not cause glare was defined by use of the value of the average length RSm of the roughness curve element of the embossed surface.

Abstract: The present invention solves glare of an embossed matte film of a conventional product produced and sold by the applicant of the present application, and provides a light diffusion film and the like having a surface shape of an irregular pattern that significantly suppresses the glare even when an LED light source is used and also maintains the good optical characteristics. The following is believed sufficient for maintaining good optical characteristics of an embossed matte film and also for solving the glare. To maintain the optical characteristics, the surface shape was defined by use of an inclination angle histogram profile of an embossed surface. In order to solve the glare, the size of unit patterns which make up an entire pattern and do not cause glare was defined by use of the value of the average length RSm of the roughness curve element of the embossed surface.

Abstract: The problem is to provide a front plate of a TN liquid crystal display device capable of reducing occurrence of color unevenness caused by retardation of a polycarbonate resin sheet, even when the liquid crystal panel is observed through polarizing glasses or liquid crystal shutter glasses for 3D, while having excellent impact resistance, heat resistance and transparency. The solution means are that the direction of the slow axis or the fast axis of a polycarbonate resin sheet is parallel to the lengthwise direction of a TN liquid crystal panel, and that retardation is not less than 5000 nm.

Abstract: The problem is to provide a front plate of a TN liquid crystal panel capable of inhibiting occurrence of color unevenness caused by retardation of a polycarbonate resin sheet, even when a liquid crystal panel is observed through polarizing glasses or liquid crystal shutter glasses for 3D, while having excellent impact resistance, heat resistance and transparency. The solution means is the front plate 1 of a TN liquid crystal panel provided with the polycarbonate resin sheet 10, wherein the direction of the slow axis X or the fast axis Y of the polycarbonate resin sheet 10 is inclined by 45° with respect to the lengthwise direction L of a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester film produced by melt-extruding a polyester composed of a dicarboxylic acid unit and a diol unit, wherein 1 to 80 mol % of the diol unit is a unit containing a cyclic acetal skeleton, and the polyester film has an in-plane retardation of 20 nm or less at a wavelength of 550 nm. The polyester film is an optically isotropic polyester film which is easily produced by an extrusion-molding method and has an economical advantage. The polyester film is useful for production of optical members or optical products such as phase difference films, protective films for polarizing plates, light diffusion films, lens sheets, anti-reflection films and optical information recording media.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester film produced by melt-extruding a polyester composed of a dicarboxylic acid unit and a diol unit, wherein 1 to 80 mol % of the diol unit is a unit containing a cyclic acetal skeleton, and the polyester film has an in-plane retardation of 20 nm or less at a wavelength of 550 nm. The polyester film is an optically isotropic polyester film which is easily produced by an extrusion-molding method and has an economical advantage. The polyester film is useful for production of optical members or optical products such as phase difference films, protective films for polarizing plates, light diffusion films, lens sheets, anti-reflection films and optical information recording media.

Abstract: A water culture apparatus wherein air space sections are formed between plant containers and a nutrient solution when rafts are floated in a water culture tank filled with the nutrient solution. The plant containers are inserted in vertically oriented channels provided in the raft. The air space sections are formed in order that the plant containers do not get submerged in the nutrient solution. The plants are cultivated by: gradually moving the raft from one end to another end of the water culture tank, movement of the raft corresponding to a state of growth of the plants so that the plants supported by the plant containers reach the other end by the time the plants have grown as a result of having absorbed nutrients from the nutrient solution; and harvesting the plants when each of the rafts reaches the other end of the water culture tank.

Abstract: A water culture apparatus wherein air space sections are formed between plant containers and a nutrient solution when rafts are floated in a water culture tank filled with the nutrient solution. The plant containers are inserted in vertically oriented channels provided in the raft. The air space sections are formed in order that the plant containers do not get submerged in the nutrient solution. The plants are cultivated by: gradually moving the raft from one end to another end of the water culture tank, movement of the raft corresponding to a state of growth of the plants so that the plants supported by the plant containers reach the other end by the time the plants have grown as a result of having absorbed nutrients from the nutrient solution; and harvesting the plants when each of the rafts reaches the other end of the water culture tank.