Abstract: An electrolyte solution containing a compound represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a steering control device capable of reducing a steering amount while securing operability of a driver according to a traveling condition. A steering control device 61 forming a steer-by-wire system, which has no physical connection between a steering shaft by a driver and an actual steered angle of a vehicle wheel, the steering control device including an actual steered angle calculation unit 74 that determines the actual steered angle based on a steering angle and a steering torque generated on the steering shaft.

Abstract: Provided is a method that enables the presence and/or amount of bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae in a food/drink sample, an environmental sample, or a biological sample to be detected easily and efficiently in a short amount of time. Said method includes a step for simultaneously detecting, on the basis of an antigen-antibody reaction, the presence and/or amount of bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae of at least two different genera in a sample.

Abstract: Provided is a method that makes it possible to detect the presence and/or amount of bacteria in a food/drink sample, environmental sample, or biological sample in a short period of time, simply, and efficiently. This method comprises a step in which the presences and/or amounts of bacteria of two or more different genera in a sample are simultaneously detected on the basis of antigen-antibody reactions.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution containing a compound (1) represented by the formula (1), (wherein R101 and R102 are each individually a substituent such as a C1-C7 alkyl group, and the substituent optionally contains at least one divalent to hexavalent hetero atom in a structure or optionally has a structure obtained by replacing at least one hydrogen atom by a fluorine atom or a C0-C7 functional group) and at least one compound (11) selected from compounds such as a compound represented by formula (11-1) (wherein R111 and R112 are the same as or different from each other and are each a hydrogen atom or the like, and R113 is an alkyl group free from a fluorine atom or the like):

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition with which a pattern having excellent LWR and excellent resolution can be obtained, a resist film, a pattern forming method, and a method for manufacturing an electronic device. The actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition of the present invention is an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing a resin A including a repeating unit a represented by Formula (1), which has a photoacid generating group represented by Formula (c) in a side chain, and a repeating unit b having a group which is decomposed by action of acid to generate a polar group, in which a content of the repeating unit a is 0.40 to 1.

Abstract: An actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition includes a resin having a solubility in a developer, which changes by the action of an acid, a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation; and an acid diffusion control agent, in which a molecular weight of the acid diffusion control agent is 420 or more, and a distance Ra between a Hansen solubility parameter of the acid diffusion control agent and a Hansen solubility parameter of the air satisfies 15?Ra?45.

Abstract: A system for controlling a compression ignition engine includes: a speed obtaining section which detects or estimates an engine speed achieved by combustion in an n-th cycle; and an injection amount setting section which sets, in a start period after the start of cranking, a fuel injection amount to be injected by injectors in an (n+1)-th cycle. If the engine speed achieved by the combustion in the n-th cycle falls in the resonance range, the injection amount setting section sets the fuel injection amount for an (n+1)-th cycle to be larger than the fuel injection amount injected when the engine speed is higher than or equal to an upper limit of the resonance range.

Abstract: A system for controlling a compression ignition engine includes: a speed obtaining section which detects or estimates an engine speed achieved by combustion in an n-th cycle; and an injection amount setting section which sets, in a start period after the start of cranking, a fuel injection amount to be injected by injectors in an (n+1)-th cycle. If the engine speed achieved by the combustion in the n-th cycle falls in the resonance range, the injection amount setting section sets the fuel injection amount for an (n+1)-th cycle to be larger than the fuel injection amount injected when the engine speed is higher than or equal to an upper limit of the resonance range.

Abstract: At start of an engine, a fuel injection amount is set to a jump-over injection amount if the engine speed obtained in each cycle is higher than or equal to a determination threshold value, which is set lower than a lower limit of a resonance speed range of powertrain by a predetermined reference value. If the engine speed is lower than the value, the fuel injection amount is set to a step-over injection amount that is smaller than the jump-over injection amount. This setting makes it possible to increase the engine speed such that the engine speed approaches the lower limit of the resonance speed range causing resonance in the powertrain, up to a predetermined range, and then causes the engine speed to jump straight to an engine speed which exceeds the resonance speed range, while in the process of increasing the engine speed by executing the combustion cycles.

Abstract: A system for controlling a compression ignition engine includes: a speed obtaining section which obtains an engine speed; and an injection amount setting section which sets, in a start period after the start of cranking, a fuel injection amount to be injected by injectors in next and subsequent cycles. If an engine speed achieved by combustion in an (n?1)-th cycle is higher than or equal to a determination threshold value and lower than a lower limit of the resonance range, the injection amount setting section sets the fuel injection amount for the n-th cycle to a jump-over injection amount, and sets the fuel injection amount for the (n+1)-th cycle to a resonance induction reducing amount, which is smaller than the jump-over injection amount.

Abstract: A system for controlling a compression ignition engine includes: a speed obtaining section which obtains an engine speed; and an injection amount setting section which sets, in a start period after the start of cranking, a fuel injection amount to be injected by injectors in next and subsequent cycles. If an engine speed achieved by combustion in an (n?1)-th cycle is higher than or equal to a determination threshold value and lower than a lower limit of the resonance range, the injection amount setting section sets the fuel injection amount for the n-th cycle to a jump-over injection amount, and sets the fuel injection amount for the (n+1)-th cycle to a resonance induction reducing amount, which is smaller than the jump-over injection amount.

Abstract: At start of an engine, a fuel injection amount is set to a jump-over injection amount if the engine speed obtained in each cycle is higher than or equal to a determination threshold value, which is set lower than a lower limit of a resonance speed range of powertrain by a predetermined reference value. If the engine speed is lower than the value, the fuel injection amount is set to a step-over injection amount that is smaller than the jump-over injection amount. This setting makes it possible to increase the engine speed such that the engine speed approaches the lower limit of the resonance speed range causing resonance in the powertrain, up to a predetermined range, and then causes the engine speed to jump straight to an engine speed which exceeds the resonance speed range, while in the process of increasing the engine speed by executing the combustion cycles.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation control device for an engine is provided. The device includes an EGR passage connecting an exhaust passage of the engine with an intake passage of the engine, an EGR amount adjustor for adjusting an EGR amount that is a recirculation amount of exhaust gas of the engine through the EGR passage, an adjustor controller for controlling the EGR adjustor to adjust the EGR amount, and a gear position detector for detecting a gear position of a transmission of a vehicle on which the engine is mounted. When the gear position detected by the gear position detector during an idle operation of the engine is a non-travel position, the adjustor controller performs an EGR amount increase control in which the EGR amount adjustor is controlled to increase the EGR amount to be higher than when the gear position is a travel position.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is provided. The cooling system includes coolant flow paths including a first flow path and a second flow path and where coolant circulates, a coolant pump for circulating coolant within the coolant flow paths, a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the coolant through the second flow path, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant within the first flow path, and a valve controller for adjusting an opening of the flow rate control valve based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector. The first flow path passes through a cylinder head of the engine, and the second flow path branches from the first flow path and passes through auxiliary machinery of the engine.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is provided. The cooling system includes coolant flow paths including a first flow path and a second flow path and where coolant circulates, a coolant pump for circulating the coolant within the coolant flow paths, a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the coolant through the second flow path, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant within the first flow path, a valve controller for adjusting an opening of the flow rate control valve based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector, and an output level determiner for determining an output level of the engine based on at least one of a fuel injection amount for the engine and an engine speed.

Abstract: An exhaust control apparatus for an engine is provided. The apparatus includes a turbocharger, a high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) device, a low-pressure EGR device, and a flap controller. The turbocharger includes a turbine, a compressor, and movable flaps, and rotates the turbine by exhaust gas to drive the compressor so as to boost intake air. The high-pressure EGR device recirculates, within a first engine operating range, the exhaust gas from a position of an exhaust passage upstream of the turbine to a position of an intake passage downstream of the compressor. The low-pressure EGR device recirculates, within a second engine operating range, the exhaust gas from a position of the exhaust passage downstream of the turbine to a position of the intake passage upstream of the compressor. The flap controller controls flap openings.

Abstract: Methods and systems provide a telephone service with a personal switch box. One aspect of an embodiment of the invention extends use of a telephone number on a Public Switched Telephone Network to mobile terminals by a personal switch box relaying telephone call signals between the Public Telephone Network and an IP-PBX, where the IP-PBX routes the calls between the personal switch box and a cellular phone that is associated with the personal switch box, through a gateway of a mobile virtual network operator the telephone number over mobile wireless network. The gateway may control network bandwidth allocation for the data traffic with the mobile terminals during voice stream data transmission for providing required quality of service.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is provided. The cooling system includes an EGR device including an EGR passage for recirculating exhaust gas into an intake passage, an EGR valve for adjusting a flow rate of the recirculating exhaust gas, and an EGR cooler for cooling the recirculating exhaust gas, an EGR valve controller for controlling the EGR valve, coolant flow paths including a first flow path and a second flow path and where coolant circulates, a coolant pump for circulating coolant within the coolant flow paths, a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the coolant through the second flow path, a temperature detector for detecting a coolant temperature within the first flow path, and a valve controller for adjusting a flow rate control valve opening based on the detected temperature.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is provided. The cooling system includes coolant flow paths including a first flow path and a second flow path and where coolant circulates, a coolant pump for circulating the coolant within the coolant flow paths, a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the coolant through the second flow path, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant within the first flow path, a valve controller for adjusting an opening of the flow rate control valve based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector, and an output level determiner for determining an output level of the engine based on at least one of a fuel injection amount for the engine and an engine speed.