Abstract: An ultrasonic flaw detecting apparatus including: a transducer including a piezoelectric element array for transmitting ultrasonic waves to and receiving echo signals from a test object; an element driving unit for scanning the piezoelectric element array at a predetermined cycle and generating the ultrasonic waves; a synthesizing unit for synthesizing an internal image of the test object based on the echo signals received by the piezoelectric element array; and a signal replacing unit for replacing the received echo signal with an echo signal in which a bottom echo of the test object is removed.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, An ultrasonic flaw detecting apparatus comprising: a transducer in which a piezoelectric element array for transmitting ultrasonic waves to and receiving echo signals from a test object; an element driving unit for scanning the piezoelectric element array at a predetermined cycle and causing the ultrasonic waves; a synthesizing unit for synthesizing an internal image of the test object based on the echo signals received by the piezoelectric element array; and a signal replacing unit for replacing the received echo signal with an echo signal in which a bottom echo of the test object is removed.

Abstract: In order to improve both the stability of the vehicle during a normal turning such as a lane change and the manoeuvrability of the vehicle during a high transverse acceleration turning, in an active suspension having an actuator adapted to increase or decrease vehicle height at the corresponding portion so that the rolling of the vehicle body is suppressed by a control of the actuator carried out in response to transverse acceleration of the vehicle body, the roll rigidity distribution ratio is shifted toward rear vehicle wheels according to increase of the loads on the vehicle wheels at the outside of the turning.

Abstract: A suspension pressure control system on a vehicle applies a pressure which is proportional to a current level supplied to a solenoid of a pressure control valve to a shock absorber associated with respective one of suspensions from the valve. An electronic controller controls the current level to maintain an attitude of a vehicle substantially constant in spite of any change of longitudinal and lateral acceleration, which are detected by acceleration sensors. If a driver on the vehicle closes test indication switches TSW1 and TSW2, indicates "high" by a height indication switch HSW and rotates a steering wheel on the vehicle by B toward right, the vehicle laterally inclines such that a height of the left side of the vehicle rises up and a right side falls down responding to the rotation of the steering wheel. The inclination increases as the rotation of the steering wheel increases. The inclination decreases when the steering wheel rotates inverse direction toward the neutral position.

Abstract: In a fluid pressure type active suspension in a vehicle such as an automobile in which a fluid pressure type actuator supporting a vehicle body from a wheel so as to be able to vary a vehicle height of the vehicle body relative to the wheel in accordance with a fluid pressure supplied in its fluid chamber is operated by a pressure control means which controls the fluid pressure supplied in the fluid chamber of the actuator according to certain control parameters including at least a rate of change of the vehicle height or an acceleration of the vehicle body, the control means is adapted to modify an actual value of the rate of change of the vehicle height or the acceleration of the vehicle body for use in the control of the fluid pressure to be less than the actual value thereof when the rate of change of the vehicle height or the acceleration of the vehicle body is greater than a threshold value therefor.

Abstract: A suspension pressure control system applies a pressure which is proportional to a current level supplied to a solenoid of a pressure control valve to a shock absorber associated with a suspension from the valve through a cut valve, which cuts off a fluid path from the pressure control valve to the shock absorber when a line pressure is below a predetermined value and communicates the fluid path when the line pressure exceeds the predetermined value. An electronic controller controls the current level to maintain an attitude of a vehicle substantially constant in spite of any change of longitudinal and lateral acceleration, which are detected by acceleration sensors. In order to prevent an abrupt or abnormal change of the pressure of the shock absorber at an initiation of the pressure control of the controller when the vehicle is parking on a slope, the controller initiates the pressure control before the cut valve communicates the fluid path.

Abstract: In a fluid pressure type active suspension in a vehicle such as an automobile, having a fluid pressure type actuator supporting a vehicle body from a wheel so as to be able to vary a height of the vehicle body relative to the wheel in accordance with a fluid pressure supplied to its fluid chamber, a fluid supply passage for supplying a working fluid to the fluid chamber of the actuator, a fluid exhaust passage for exhausting the working fluid from the fluid chamber of the actuator, and a pressure control circuit including a switching-over valve traversing the fluid supply passage and the fluid exhaust passage so as to be operated by a pilot pressure to selectively connect the fluid chamber of the actuator with either the fluid supply passage or the fluid exhaust passage for controlling the fluid pressure supplied to the fluid chamber of the actuator, a variable throttle valve for generating the pilot pressure for operating the switching-over valve from the pressure of the working fluid in the fluid supply pas

Abstract: A suspension pressure control system applies a pressure which is proportional to a current level supplied to a solenoid of a pressure control valve to a shock absorber associated with a suspension from the valve. When a pressure in a high pressure line which feeds a high pressure to the pressure control valve falls (rises), the pressure applied to the suspension is decreased (increased). Accordingly, the pressure in the high pressure line is detected by a sensor, and if it is low (high), the current level of the pressure control valve is corrected to a high value (low value). In order to prevent an abnormal pressure rise in the suspension which may be caused by an excessive pressure rise in the high pressure line during an idling operation of an engine, a correction which responds to the pressure of the high pressure line is chosen large when a vehicle speed is equal to zero or very low.

Abstract: In a hydraulic suspension system, a plurality of actuators having working fluid chambers are provided. Each actuator is adapted to increase and decrease vehicle height as the results of the supply and the discharge of working fluid to and from its working fluid chamber, respectively. Working fluid supply passages supply working fluid at supply pressure to the working fluid chambers and working fluid discharge passages discharge working fluid from the working fluid chambers. Cut-off valves and pressure control devices are provided in the supply passages and the discharge passages. Each cut-off valve is adapted to remain in its closed position whenever the supply pressure is not more than a predetermined value. Each pressure control device is adapted to control the supply of the working fluid to and the discharge from the associated working fluid chamber to adjust the pressure within the chamber.