Abstract: In the data control apparatus for managing data including the time information such as date, when the research period is set as the data retrieval condition, the data including the time information of the retrieval period is selected. The dates of the start point and end point of the research period in the data retrieval in the year unit are always the same, and the days of the start point and end point of the research period in the month unit are determined depending on each month. That is, in the data control apparatus of the invention, when only the year is entered when setting the research period, "January 1" and "December 31" are automatically set as the dates of the start point and end point. Or when the month and year are entered, the "first" and the "end day of that month" are automatically set as the days of the start point and end point. Therefore, the load of the operator for setting the research period may be alleviated.

Abstract: Finely divided particles of II type ammonium polyphosphate (APP) which, when added to polyolefin resins, etc., afford products having a small reduction in the mechanical characteristics, a reduced particle diameter and an increased specific surface area and nevertheless, having bleed resistance and flame retardancy similar to those of conventional products, and a process for producing the particles are provided,the particles being characterized in that 80% by weight or more thereof have a particle diameter of 10 .mu.m or less and 5% aqueous solution thereof dissolved in 80.degree. C. water has 500 cps or more, and the process being a process for producing the particles by reacting ammonium phosphate with P.sub.2 O.sub.5, each in a nearly equimolar quantity, in a NH.sub.3 gas atmosphere and at an elevated temperature, comprisinga first reaction step carried out in N.sub.2 gas atmosphere without feeding NH.sub.3 gas, a second reaction step of instantaneously feeding NH.sub.3 gas or a NH.sub.

Abstract: A field memory self-refresh system includes a dynamic random access memory (RAM) having memory cells arranged in a matrix of rows and columns. A row decoder is designated so that the data stored in the memory cells of a row corresponding to the designated row decoder are read out. Subsequently, a row address for refreshing the memory cell array is automatically generated by a refresh address counter which is located in the dynamic RAM, whereby the memory cells on the row of the memory cell array are refreshed without any external refresh control unit. The refresh system includes a refresh RAS signal generating circuit responsive to the output of a column counter. A multiplexer selects the output of a refresh address counter, a plurality of times, between activation of successive rows in response to the refresh RAS signal. Accordingly, it is possible to perform a self-refresh operation in a shortened refresh period.

Abstract: In a dynamic Random Access Memory having memory cells arranged in a matrix shape, one of row decoders is designated so that the data stored in the memory cells of a row corresponding to the designated row decoder are read out. Subsequently, a row address for refreshing the memory cell array is automatically generated by a refresh address counter which is located in the dynamic Random Access Memory, thereby, the memory cells on the row of the memory cell array are refreshed without any external refresh control unit.