Abstract: A catalyst purifies an exhaust gas exhaled from an internal combustion engine by catalysis thereof as a result of the exhaust gas passing therethrough. A heating unit heats the catalyst so as to cause the catalyst to perform the desired catalysis. A temperature detector detects the temperature of the catalyst. A deriving unit derives a required heat energy quantity to be applied to the catalyst, by which the temperature of the catalyst reaches an activating temperature so as to perform the desired catalysis, according to the temperature of the catalyst detected through the temperature detector before the internal combustion engine starts. A heat control unit causes the heating unit to stop the heating of the catalyst after the required heat energy has been applied to the catalyst.

Abstract: A secondary air feeding device comprising an air pump for feeding secondary air into the exhaust passage upstream of the three way catalytic converter. The air-fuel ratio is normally maintained at the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio by a feedback control. When the amount of fuel is to be increased, the feedback control is stopped, and the supply of secondary air is started. At this time, the amount of secondary air is basically calculated from the amount of fuel fed into the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control apparatus includes an electrically heatable catalytic converter mounted in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, the catalytic converter having a catalyst for catalytic conversion of exhaust gases from the engine and a heating element for heating the catalyst to accelerate a rate of the catalytic conversion, a power supply for applying power to the heating element, a time setting part for calculating a time period during which power is applied to the heating element, and a control part for controlling application of power from the power supply to the heating element in accordance with the calculated time period in a way that the application of power to the heating element is stopped when the time period since the application of power to the heating element is started has elapsed.

Abstract: A valve actuating apparatus for intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine having an end pivot type rocker arm. The rocker arm is composed of two arms interconnected by a connecting pin so as to be foldable. A lock pin selectively brings the rocker arm either into a single rigid rocker arm position or into a foldable rocker arm position at which it absorbs the lift of the cam to rest the operation of the valve, although the cam continues to rotate. A stopper is provided to restrict the returning position of the arms when folded toward the cam.

Abstract: A valve actuating apparatus for intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine having an end pivot type rocker arm. The rocker arm is composed of two arms interconnected by a connecting pin so as to be foldable. A lock pin selectively brings the rocker arm into either a single rigid rocker arm condition or into a foldable rocker arm condition which absorbs the lift of the cam to rest the operation of the valve although the cam continues to rotate. The connecting pin is located so that the displacement of the rocker arm during the foldable movement thereof is minimized.

Abstract: A valve actuating apparatus for intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine having a swing rocker arm consisting of two arms rotatably interconnected by means of a connecting shaft, one of the arms being rotatably connected to a rocker arm shaft and the other bearing against a valve stem so that the two arms can selectively occupy an operative position, in which the two arms extend substantially straight to form a single rocker arm, and an inoperative position in which a relative rotation between the two arms takes place to absorb the rotation of the cam. A lock pin is provided in one of the first and second arms to prevent relative rotation of the two arms and to lock them to the operative position, and an actuator for releasing the lock at a predetermined time, the locking means and unlocking means having directions of operation substantially perpendicular to and across the axis of the connecting shaft.

Abstract: A valve actuating apparatus for intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine having a swing rocker arm consisting of two arms rotatably interconnected by means of a connecting shaft, one of the arms being rotatably connected to a rocker arm shaft and the other bearing against a valve stem so that the two arms can selectively occupy an operative position, in which the two arms extend substantially straight to form a single rocker arm, and an inoperative position in which a relative rotation between the two arms takes place to absorb the rotation of the cam. Means are provided for causing the cam to bear only against one of the two arms that bears against the valve stem.

Abstract: A catalyst heating apparatus includes an electrically heated catalyst converter mounted in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, the catalyst converter having a catalyst and a heating element for electrically heating the catalyst so that catalytic conversion of exhaust gases from the engine is carried out, a capacitor that is charged with electric power, in advance, before an ignition switch is turned on for starting operation of the engine, and a controller for applying a terminal voltage of the capacitor to the heating element of the catalyst converter when the ignition switch is turned on, so that a temperature of the heating element is increased owing to electric energy supplied from the capacitor to the converter through the controller for accelerating the rate of the catalytic conversion of the exhaust gases.