Abstract: Techniques for determining ownership of files and/or email messages are disclosed. In one embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a method including determining a distribution of a plurality of email messages within a file; selecting a preset number of email messages based on the determined distribution of the plurality of email messages within the file; extracting metadata from each of the preset number of email messages; classifying each of the preset number of email messages based on the extracted metadata; determining an owner of each of the preset number of email messages based on the classification of each email message by analyzing the metadata of each of the preset number of email messages; calculating statistics for the preset number of email messages based on the determined owner of each of the preset number of email messages; and assigning ownership to the file based on the calculated statistics.

Abstract: A method for maintaining group membership records includes 1) maintaining a record of group memberships for a membership hierarchy, the membership record identifying a direct relationship between a first object and a second object in the membership hierarchy, 2) receiving a membership update indicating that, as of a first point in time, a direct relationship between the second object and a third object changed, 3) updating the record of group memberships to reflect the change in the relationship between the second object and the third object, 4) deducing, based on the membership update and the record of group memberships, a change in an indirect relationship between the first object and the third object as of the first point in time, and 5) providing a view of object relationships within the membership hierarchy as the object relationships exist at the first point in time and a historical record of object relationships.

Abstract: A method for maintaining group membership records includes 1) maintaining a record of group memberships for a membership hierarchy, the membership record identifying a direct relationship between a first object and a second object in the membership hierarchy, 2) receiving a membership update indicating that, as of a first point in time, a direct relationship between the second object and a third object changed, 3) updating the record of group memberships to reflect the change in the relationship between the second object and the third object, 4) deducing, based on the membership update and the record of group memberships, a change in an indirect relationship between the first object and the third object as of the first point in time, and 5) providing a view of object relationships within the membership hierarchy as the object relationships exist at the first point in time and a historical record of object relationships.